TÜRKİYE’DE BİYOETANOL ÜRETİMİ VE POTANSİYELİ

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 0 - , 20.02.2013

Mehmet Melikoğlu Ayhan Albostan

Öz

Küresel enerji talebindeki sürekli artış ve ihtiyaç, yeni enerji kaynaklarının bulunmasını zorunlu halegetirmektedir. Türkiye kullandığı petrolün neredeyse tamamını ithal etmektedir buda ekonomik açıdan ciddisıkıntılar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bir tahıl ambarı olan Türkiye’de enerji tarımının yapılması ve biyoetanolüretilmesi petrole olan bağımlılığı ve sera gazı salınımlarını azaltacaktır. Bu çerçevede, Türkiye’de biyoetanolüretimi petrole karşı ciddi bir alternatif olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlarneticesinde Türkiye’de şu anki tarımsal üretim ile hiçbir tahıldan, hasadının %100 kullanılsa bile, benzintüketimine eşdeğer miktarda biyoetanol üretilmesi mümkün değildir. Ancak, E5 ve E10 benzin üretimi buğdayhasadın %4 ve %7’lik kısımları kullanılarak karşılanabilecektir. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de kullanılmayan tarımsalaraziler üzerinde patates, şeker pancarı ve buğday ekimi ile yıllık 5.8, 8.7 ve 13.7 milyar litre biyoetanolüretilebilecektir ve bu üretim ile Türkiye’nin benzin ihtiyacının tamamı biyoetanol üretimi ile karşılanabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alternatif enerji kaynakları, buğday, biyoetanol, karbon döngüsü, yenilenebilir enerji.

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