Cbs Ve Uzaktan Algılama Destekli Kar Erimesi Modeli (Srm) İle Akış Hidrografı Benzetimi (Kayseri-Sarız Çayı Havzası Örneği)
Öz
Kar potansiyelinin fazla olduğu yüksek bölgelerdeki akarsu havzaların yıllık akış hacimlerinin büyük bir kısmı, kış aylarında oluşan kar örtüsünün ilkbaharda erimesi sonucu oluşmaktadır. Kardan beslenen havzalarda; havza akışının modellenmesi, su kaynaklarının verimli ve sürdürülebilir olarak işletilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Bu kapsamda; Seyhan Havzasının bir alt havzası olan Sarız Çayı Havzasının, 2004 ve 2005 yılları kar erime dönemlerine ait (Mart-Nisan) hidrograflarının simülasyonu (benzetimi) üzerine çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, kar akış hacminin belirlenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan kar erimesi akışı hidrolojik modelleme programı olan Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM), Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ile birlikte uygulanmıştır. SRM programı bağımsız değişken olarak; sıcaklık, yağış ve karla kaplı alanın (KKA) günlük değişimlerine
ihtiyaç duymaktadır. KKA değişimi, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) uydu görüntülerinin CBS ile sorgulanması sonucu belirlenmiştir. Benzetim çalışması iki alternatifli olarak yapılmıştır. Benzetilen hidrograflar, gözlenen hidrograflarla karşılaştırılmıştır ve genelde uyumludur. Benzetim
çalışmalarının daha iyi ve güvenilir sonuç vermesi için çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Gürer, İ., Kar Erimesi ve Akımı (Uludağ
- Örneği), Doçentlik Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi,
- Mühendislik Fakültesi, 1982.
- Wurbs, R.A., Water Management Models,
- Prentice Hall PTR, New Jersey, A.B.D., 1995.
- Day, C.A., “Modelling Impacts of Climate Change
- on Snowmelt Runoff Generation and Streamflow
- Across Western US Mountain Basins: A Review of
- Techniques and Applications for Water Resource
- Management”, Progress in Physical Geography,
- Cilt 33, No 5, 614-633, 2009.
- Rango, A. ve Martinec, J., “Revisiting the Degree-
- Day Method for Snowmelt Computations”, Water
- Resources Bulletin, Cilt 31, No 4, 657-669, 1995.
- Singh, V.P., Computer Models of Watershed
- Hydrology, Water Resources Publications,
- Colorado, A.B.D., 1995.
- Baumgartner, M.F. ve Apfl, G., “Towards an
- Integrated Geographic Analysis with Remote
- Sensing, GIS and Consecutive Modeling for Snow
- Cover Monitoring”, International Journal of
- Remote Sensing, Cilt 15, No 7, 1507-1517, 1994.
- Baumgartner, M.F., Seidel ve K., Martinec, J.,
- “Toward Snowmelt Runoff Forecast Based on
- Multisensor Remote Sensing Information”, IEEE
- Transactions on Geosciense and Remote
- Sensing, Cilt 25, No 6, 746-750, 1987.
- Taşdemir, G., Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi
- Bilgi Sistemlerinin Birlikte Kullanılması ile
- Kar Erimesi Akış Hidrografının Benzetimi
- (Sarız Çayı Havzası Örneği), Yüksek Lisans
- Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,
- -
- Tudes, S., “Proposal of the Analytical Model on
- the Evaluation of the Geological Thresholds in
- Planning: Case Study Portsmouth (England)”,
- Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and
- Architecture of Gazi University, Cilt 26, No 2,
- -288, 2011.
- Yuksel, U.D. ve Yilmaz, O., “A Study on
- Determining and Evaluating Summertime Urban
- Heat Islands in Ankara at Regional and Local
- Scale Utilizing Remote Sensing and
- Meteorological Data” Journal of the Faculty of
- Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
- University, Cilt 23, No 4, 937-952, 2008.
- Butt, M.J. ve Bilal, M., “Application of Snowmelt
- Runoff Model for Water Resource Management”,
- Hydrological Processes, Cilt 25, No 24, 3735-
- , 2009.
- Acar, R., Senocak, S. ve Sengul, S., “Snow
- Hydrology Studies in the Mountainous Eastern
- Part of Turkey”, IEEE International Conference
- on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
- Management (IEEM 2009), Hong Kong, China,
- -1582, 08-11 Aralık 2009.
- Mu, Z., Jiang, H, Peng, L. ve He, Y., “A Digital
- Hydrological Model of High Cold Alpine Areas
- and Its Application”, 6th International
- Symposium on Digital Earth - Data Processing
- and Applications, Beijing, China, Cilt 7841, No
- N, 09-12 Eylül 2009.
- DSİ, Yukarı Seyhan Master Planı, Verbundplan
- GmbH, Cilt 1, Türkiye, 1984.
- Martinec, J., Rango, A., Roberts, R., WinSRM
- 11-Snowmelt Runoff Model User’s Manual,
- Editörler: Gomez-Landesa E. ve Bleiweiss, P.M.,
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New
- Mexico, A.B.D., 2008.
- Rango A., “Spaceborne Remote Sensing for Snow
- Hydrology Applications”, Hydrological Sciences
- Journal, Cilt 41, No 4, 477-494, 1996.
- Tekeli A.E., Akyurek, Z., Sorman, A.A., Sensoy,
- A. ve Sorman, A.U., “Using MODIS Snow Cover
- Maps in Modeling Snowmelt Runoff Process in
- the Eastern Part of Turkey”, Remote Sensing of
- Environment, Cilt 97, No 2, 228-229, 2005.
- Hall, D.K. ve Riggs, G.A., “Accuracy Assessment
- of the MODIS Snow Products”, Hydrological
- Processes, Cilt 21, No 12, 1534-1547, 2007.
- Hall, D.K., Riggs, G.A., Salomonson, V.V.,
- DiGirolamo, N.E. ve Bayr, K.J., “MODIS Snow-
- Cover Products”, Remote Sensing of
- Environment, Cilt 83, No 1-2, 181-194, 2002.
- Klein, A.G., Hall, D.K. ve Riggs, G.A.,
- “Improving Snow-Cover Mapping in Forests
- Through the Use of a Canopy Reflectance Model”,
- Hydrologic Processes, Cilt 12, No 10-11, 1723-
- (1998).
- Riggs, G.A. ve Hall, D.K., “Reduction of Cloud
- Obscuration in the MODIS Snow Data Product”,
- th Eastern Snow Conference, Stowe, Vermont,
- A.B.D., 2002.
- Li, B., Zhu, A., Zhou, C., Zhang, Y., Pei, T. ve
- Qin, C., “Automatic Mapping of Snow Cover
- Depletion Curves Using Optical Remote Sensing
- Data Under Conditions of Frequent Cloud Cover
- and Temporary Snow” Hydrological Processes,
- Cilt 22, No 16, 2930-2942, 2008.
- Salomonson, V.V. ve Apel, I., “Estimating
- Fractional Snow Cover From MODIS Using the
- Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI)”,
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Cilt 89, No 3,
- -360, 2004.
- Dobreva, I.D. ve Klein, A.G., “Fractional Snow
- Cover Mapping Through Artificial Neural
- Network Analysis of MODIS Surface
- Reflectance” Remote Sensing of Environment,
- Cilt 115, No 12, 3355-3366, 2011.
- Salomonson, V.V. ve Apel, I., “Development of
- the Aqua MODIS NDSI Fractional Snow Cover
- Algorithm and Validation Results”, IEEE
- Transactions on Geoscience and Remote
- Sensing, Cilt 44, No 7, 1747-1756, 2006.
- Martinec, J. ve Rango, A., “Parameter Values for
- Snowmelt Runoff Modeling”, Journal of
- Hydrology, Cilt 84, No 3-4, 197-219, 1986.
- Dey, B., Sharma, V.K. ve Rango, A., “A Test of
- Snowmelt Runoff Model for a Major River Basin
- in Western Himalayas”, Nordic Hydrology, Cilt
- , No 3, 167–178, 2009.
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 0 - , 21.02.2014
Öz
Kaynakça
- Gürer, İ., Kar Erimesi ve Akımı (Uludağ
- Örneği), Doçentlik Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi,
- Mühendislik Fakültesi, 1982.
- Wurbs, R.A., Water Management Models,
- Prentice Hall PTR, New Jersey, A.B.D., 1995.
- Day, C.A., “Modelling Impacts of Climate Change
- on Snowmelt Runoff Generation and Streamflow
- Across Western US Mountain Basins: A Review of
- Techniques and Applications for Water Resource
- Management”, Progress in Physical Geography,
- Cilt 33, No 5, 614-633, 2009.
- Rango, A. ve Martinec, J., “Revisiting the Degree-
- Day Method for Snowmelt Computations”, Water
- Resources Bulletin, Cilt 31, No 4, 657-669, 1995.
- Singh, V.P., Computer Models of Watershed
- Hydrology, Water Resources Publications,
- Colorado, A.B.D., 1995.
- Baumgartner, M.F. ve Apfl, G., “Towards an
- Integrated Geographic Analysis with Remote
- Sensing, GIS and Consecutive Modeling for Snow
- Cover Monitoring”, International Journal of
- Remote Sensing, Cilt 15, No 7, 1507-1517, 1994.
- Baumgartner, M.F., Seidel ve K., Martinec, J.,
- “Toward Snowmelt Runoff Forecast Based on
- Multisensor Remote Sensing Information”, IEEE
- Transactions on Geosciense and Remote
- Sensing, Cilt 25, No 6, 746-750, 1987.
- Taşdemir, G., Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi
- Bilgi Sistemlerinin Birlikte Kullanılması ile
- Kar Erimesi Akış Hidrografının Benzetimi
- (Sarız Çayı Havzası Örneği), Yüksek Lisans
- Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü,
- -
- Tudes, S., “Proposal of the Analytical Model on
- the Evaluation of the Geological Thresholds in
- Planning: Case Study Portsmouth (England)”,
- Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and
- Architecture of Gazi University, Cilt 26, No 2,
- -288, 2011.
- Yuksel, U.D. ve Yilmaz, O., “A Study on
- Determining and Evaluating Summertime Urban
- Heat Islands in Ankara at Regional and Local
- Scale Utilizing Remote Sensing and
- Meteorological Data” Journal of the Faculty of
- Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
- University, Cilt 23, No 4, 937-952, 2008.
- Butt, M.J. ve Bilal, M., “Application of Snowmelt
- Runoff Model for Water Resource Management”,
- Hydrological Processes, Cilt 25, No 24, 3735-
- , 2009.
- Acar, R., Senocak, S. ve Sengul, S., “Snow
- Hydrology Studies in the Mountainous Eastern
- Part of Turkey”, IEEE International Conference
- on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
- Management (IEEM 2009), Hong Kong, China,
- -1582, 08-11 Aralık 2009.
- Mu, Z., Jiang, H, Peng, L. ve He, Y., “A Digital
- Hydrological Model of High Cold Alpine Areas
- and Its Application”, 6th International
- Symposium on Digital Earth - Data Processing
- and Applications, Beijing, China, Cilt 7841, No
- N, 09-12 Eylül 2009.
- DSİ, Yukarı Seyhan Master Planı, Verbundplan
- GmbH, Cilt 1, Türkiye, 1984.
- Martinec, J., Rango, A., Roberts, R., WinSRM
- 11-Snowmelt Runoff Model User’s Manual,
- Editörler: Gomez-Landesa E. ve Bleiweiss, P.M.,
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New
- Mexico, A.B.D., 2008.
- Rango A., “Spaceborne Remote Sensing for Snow
- Hydrology Applications”, Hydrological Sciences
- Journal, Cilt 41, No 4, 477-494, 1996.
- Tekeli A.E., Akyurek, Z., Sorman, A.A., Sensoy,
- A. ve Sorman, A.U., “Using MODIS Snow Cover
- Maps in Modeling Snowmelt Runoff Process in
- the Eastern Part of Turkey”, Remote Sensing of
- Environment, Cilt 97, No 2, 228-229, 2005.
- Hall, D.K. ve Riggs, G.A., “Accuracy Assessment
- of the MODIS Snow Products”, Hydrological
- Processes, Cilt 21, No 12, 1534-1547, 2007.
- Hall, D.K., Riggs, G.A., Salomonson, V.V.,
- DiGirolamo, N.E. ve Bayr, K.J., “MODIS Snow-
- Cover Products”, Remote Sensing of
- Environment, Cilt 83, No 1-2, 181-194, 2002.
- Klein, A.G., Hall, D.K. ve Riggs, G.A.,
- “Improving Snow-Cover Mapping in Forests
- Through the Use of a Canopy Reflectance Model”,
- Hydrologic Processes, Cilt 12, No 10-11, 1723-
- (1998).
- Riggs, G.A. ve Hall, D.K., “Reduction of Cloud
- Obscuration in the MODIS Snow Data Product”,
- th Eastern Snow Conference, Stowe, Vermont,
- A.B.D., 2002.
- Li, B., Zhu, A., Zhou, C., Zhang, Y., Pei, T. ve
- Qin, C., “Automatic Mapping of Snow Cover
- Depletion Curves Using Optical Remote Sensing
- Data Under Conditions of Frequent Cloud Cover
- and Temporary Snow” Hydrological Processes,
- Cilt 22, No 16, 2930-2942, 2008.
- Salomonson, V.V. ve Apel, I., “Estimating
- Fractional Snow Cover From MODIS Using the
- Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI)”,
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Cilt 89, No 3,
- -360, 2004.
- Dobreva, I.D. ve Klein, A.G., “Fractional Snow
- Cover Mapping Through Artificial Neural
- Network Analysis of MODIS Surface
- Reflectance” Remote Sensing of Environment,
- Cilt 115, No 12, 3355-3366, 2011.
- Salomonson, V.V. ve Apel, I., “Development of
- the Aqua MODIS NDSI Fractional Snow Cover
- Algorithm and Validation Results”, IEEE
- Transactions on Geoscience and Remote
- Sensing, Cilt 44, No 7, 1747-1756, 2006.
- Martinec, J. ve Rango, A., “Parameter Values for
- Snowmelt Runoff Modeling”, Journal of
- Hydrology, Cilt 84, No 3-4, 197-219, 1986.
- Dey, B., Sharma, V.K. ve Rango, A., “A Test of
- Snowmelt Runoff Model for a Major River Basin
- in Western Himalayas”, Nordic Hydrology, Cilt
- , No 3, 167–178, 2009.
Toplam 121 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 21 Şubat 2014 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Şubat 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1 |