Süperkapasitör: Temelleri ve malzemeleri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 1315 - 1332, 30.11.2023

Çağatay Özada , Merve Ünal , Murat Yazıcı

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1141220

Öz

Enerji depolama sistemleri içinde süperkapasitör çalışmaları son on yıldır önemli derecede artış göstermektedir. Süperkapasitörler, iki elektrot, bir ayırıcı ve bir elektrolit çözeltiden oluşan elektrokimyasal kapasitörlerdir. Süperkapasitör, kapasitör ve Li-ion bataryalardan ayıran en önemli özellikleri yüksek güç yoğunluğuna ve uzun döngü sayılarına sahip olmasıdır. Bu durum süperkapasitörlerin tüketim malzemelerinden (fotoğraf makineleri, bilgisayar donanımları, vb.) savunma sanayinde (lazer silahlarda) kullanılmak üzere geniş bir kullanım alanı sunmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra kullanım alanları içinde günümüzde giderek gelişmekte olan elektrikli ve hibrit araç teknolojileri de bulunmaktadır. Bu araçlarda süperkapasitörlerin kullanımı bataryaların performansını arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada süperkapasitörlerin çalışma prensipleri detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Bunun yanında süperkapasitör tiplerine göre oluşturulmuş elektrotların (grafen, aktif karbon, karbon nanotüp, metal oksitler, iletken polimerler) güncel elektrokimyasal performans ölçümleri incelenmiştir. Bu makale sayesinde çalışmaların daha üstün performanslı süperkapasitörler ve kullanım alanlarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı ortaya konmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

enerji depolama sistemleri, süperkapasitör, grafen elektrot, iletken polimer, elektrokimyasal kapasitör

Destekleyen Kurum

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

FOA-2021-681

Teşekkür

YÖK 100/2000 ve TÜBİTAK 2211/C Öncelikli alanlar doktora bursları

Kaynakça

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