Effect of Eggshells As Calcium Sources on The Growth Performance of Offspring Land Snails (Cornu Aspersum Müller, 1774)

Öz

In this study, the effect of eggshell added to the diet as a calcium source on the growth performance of juvenile land snails (Cornu aspersum) was evaluated. In the study, 3 experimental diets were prepared using eggshells added to the diets in two different ways: with (ES) and without (MES) membrane with limestone (LMS). Experimental diets were prepared as isonitrogenous (~15%), isolipidic (~3%) and isocalcium (~13%). The experiment was conducted for 45 days and the growth rates of the snails were monitored by interim weighing at 15-day intervals. At the end of the experiment, the best growth, weight gain and SGR were determined in the group fed with membrane eggshell supplemented diet (P<0.05). FCR was better in the eggshell groups (ES and MES) than in the limestone supplemented group. No mortality occurred in any group during the study period. According to the results of the study, it is thought that eggshell can be added to the diet of juvenile land snails as a calcium source and recycling of waste eggshells will benefit the environment and economy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• offspring land snail
• eggshell
• calcium sources
• Cornu aspersum.

Kalsiyum Kaynağı Olarak Yumurta Kabuklarının Yavru Kara Salyangozunun (Cornu Aspersum Müller, 1774) Büyüme Performansı Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, kalsiyum kaynağı olarak yeme ilave edilen yumurta kabuğunun yavru kara salyangozların (Cornu aspersum) büyüme performansları üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada limestone (LMS) karşılık membranlı (ES) ve membransız (MES) olarak iki farklı şekilde yemlere ilave edilen yumurta kabukları kullanılarak 3 deneme yemi hazırlanmıştır. Deneme yemleri protein, lipid ve kalsiyum oranları eşit olacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Deneme 45 gün süre ile yürütülmüş ve 15 günlük peryodlar halinde ara tartımlar yapılarak salyangozların büyüme oranları takip edilmiştir. Deneme sonunda en iyi büyüme, ağırlık artışı ve SGR membranlı yumurta kabuğu ilave edilmiş yemle beslenen grupta belirlenmiştir (P<0.05). FCR’ın yumurta kabuğu gruplarında (ES ve MES) limestone ilaveli gruptan daha iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma süresince bütün gruplarda herhangi bir ölüm olmamıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarından, yavru kara salyangozu diyetlerine kalsiyum kaynağı olarak yumurta kabuğu ilavesinin yapılabileceği gibi atık yumurta kabuklarının geri dönüştürülerek çevreye ve ekonomiye fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yavru kara salyangozu
• yumurta kabuğu
• kalsiyum kaynakları
• Cornu aspersum

Kaynakça

1. Amaka, E. M., Nnamonu, E. I., Onah, I.E., 2020. Calcium Supplements Enhance The Growth And Reproduction Of The African Giant Land Snail (Achatina achatina) İn Captivity. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 48(1), 196-201.
2. Boyles, J. G., Willis, C.K.R., 2010. Could local limestone influence dietary pH in invertebrates? Environmental Biology of Fishes. 89(1), 89-96.
3. Chojnacka, K., 2005. Biosorption of Cr (III) ions by eggshells. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 121(1), 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.02.004.
4. Cilia, G., Fratini, F., 2018. Antimicrobial Properties Of Terrestrial Snail And Slug Mucus. Journal Of Complementary And Integrative Medicine. 20170168. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2017-0168.
5. Çelik, M.Y., Dernekbaşı, S., Sarıipek, M., 2024. Egg And Seashell Waste As A Calcium Source İn Snail (Cornu aspersum Müller, 1774) feed: I. Growth, Mineral Distribution İn Meat, Shell And Faeces, And Environmental Effects. Molluscan Research. 44(1),90-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2023.2289197. Çelik, M.Y., Dernekbaşı, S., Uzun Gören, G., Karataş, E., Karayücel, S., 2022. The Evaluation of the Reproductive Performance of Land Snail, Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774) without Photoperiod in the Non-breeding Season. GBAD. 11(2), 67-72.
6. Çelik, M.Y., Duman, M.B., Sarıipek, M., Uzun, G., Kaya Öztürk, D., Karayücel, S., 2018. Growth and Mortality Rates of Cornu aspersum: Organic Snail Culture System, Black Sea Region. Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 25, 189-196.
7. Danilova, I.S., 2022. Heliceculture As A New Promising Direction Of Agriculture İn Ukraine. Scientific Messenger Of Lviv National University Of Veterinary Medicine And Biotechnologies. Series: Agricultural Sciences. 24(97). https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9707. Didier, F.C.F., Mamadou, K., Angèle épouse Piba, S.N., Atcho, O., Philippe, K.K., 2015. Influence of Two Types of Food and Their Calcium Content on theReproduction of the Snail (Achatina-achatina) Linné, 1750) Raised InCaptivity. International Journal of Engineering Research& Management. 2(3), 51-56.
8. Ebenso, I.E., 2003. Dietary Calcium Supplement For Edible Tropical Land Snail Archachatina Marginata İn Niger Delta,Nigeria. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 15,5.

9. Fagbuaro, O., Oso, J., Edward, J., Ogunleye, R., 2006. Nutritional Status Of Four Species Of Giant Land Snails İnnigeria. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B. 7(9), 686-689.
10. Forte, A., Zucaro, A., De Vico, G., Fierro, A., 2016. Carbon Footprint Of Heliciculture: A Case Study From An Italian Experimental Farm. Agricultural Systems. 142, 99-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2015.11.010
11. Ghosh, S., Jung, C., Meyer-Rochow, B., 2016. Snail Farming: An Indian Perspective of a Potential Tool for Food Security. Ann Aquac Res. 3(3), 1024.
12. Han, J., Jiang, J., Wang, Q., Li, P., Zhu, B., Gu, Q., 2022. Current Research on the Extraction, Functional Properties, Interaction with Polyphenols, and Application Evaluation in Delivery Systems of Aquatic-Based Proteins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 70(38), 11844-11859.
13. Hua, K., Cobcroft, J.M., Cole, A., Condon, K., Jerry, D.R., Mangott, A., Praeger, C., Vucko, M.J., Zeng, C., Zenger, K., Strugnell, J.M., 2019. The Future of Aquatic Protein: Implications for Protein Sources in Aquaculture Diets. One Earth 1. November 22, 316-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2019.10.018
14. Ito, S., Chiba, S., Konuma, J., 2023. Evolutionary History Of İnshore Oceanic İsland Land Snails Diversified İn Shell Colour. Journal of Biogeography. 50, 1103-1116. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14601.
15. Jones, H.D., 2013. Calcium sources and the role of calcium in terrestrial gastropods. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 79(4), 349-361.
16. Juřičková, L., Horsák, M., Cameron, R., Hylander, K., Míkovcová, A., Hlavač, J.Č., Rohovec, J., 2008. Land Snail Distribution Patterns Within A Site: The Role Of Different Calcium Sources. European Journal Of Soil Biology. 44,172-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.07.001.
17. Köseoğlu, Y., 2020. Kara Salyangozu Yetiştiricilik Denemeleri: Farklı Ortam Koşulları ve Yem Kompozisyonlarının Etkileri. Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 85 sayfa.
18. Liew, T.S., Schilthuizen, M., 2014. Association Between Shell Morphology Of Micro-Land Snails (genus Plectostoma) And Their Predator’s Predatory Behaviour. PeerJ 2:e329. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.329.
19. Markoglou, E., Karapanagiotidis, I.T., Hatziioannou, M., Karalazos, V., Βerillis, P., Skordas, K., Neofitou, C., 2011. The Effect Of Different Dietary Calcium Levels On Growth And Shell Hardness Of Farmed Snail Helix aspersa. 4th International Symposium “Hydrobiology-Fisheries”. Volos 9-11, 204-207.
20. Melenchón, F., Larrán, A.M., de Mercado, E., Hidalgo, M.C., Cardenete, G., Barroso, F.G., Fabrikov, D., Lourenço, H.M., Pessoa, M.F., Tomás-Almenar, C., 2020. Potential Use Of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia İllucens) And Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) İnsectmeals İn Diets For Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Nutrition. 27, 491-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13201.
21. Niba, A.T., Unji, O.S., Tuncha, N.P., Takwe, H., 2022. Effect of Calcium Source in Supplemental Diets on the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of the Giant African Land Snails (Archachatina marginata) in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Open Journal of Animal Sciences. 12, 537-545. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2022.123041.
22. Okur, M., Ak, Ç., Tümtürk, U., 2019. Evaluation of Natural and Calcined Eggshells for Cr(Iıı) Removal. Journal of Uludag University Faculty of Engineering. 24 (2), 405-418.
23. Oktay, Ş., 2022. Kocaeli'de kurulu salyangoz çiftliği İspanya'daki restoranların ihtiyacını karşılıyor. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/ekonomi/kocaelide-kurulu-salyangoz-ciftligi-ispanyadaki-restoranlarin-ihtiyacini -karsiliyor/2687486
24. Rygało-Galewska, A., Zgli ´nska, K., Roguski, M., Roman, K., Bendowski, W., Bién, D., Niemiec, T., 2023. Effect of Different Levels of Calcium and Addition of Magnesium in the Diet on Garden Snails (Cornu aspersum) Condition, Production, and Nutritional Parameters. Agriculture. 13, 2055. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13112055.
25. Yu, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhang, Y., Simpson, B.K., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Li, C., Wang, D., Pan, C., 2024. Recent Advances In The Effects Of Protein Oxidation On Aquatic Products Quality: Mechanism And Regulation. International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 59, 1968-1978. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.16620.
26. Yüceer, M., 2021. Eggshell membrane, added value from garbage. Egg Magazine. 55, 42-45.
27. Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Zhang, Q., 2020. Impact of dietary calcium levels on shell formation and growth performance in the Chinese land snail (Achatina fulica). Journal of Shellfish Research. 39(3), 601-609.