AB'DE GÖÇ POLİTİKASİNİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNİN ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, Covid-19 salgınının AB üye ülkelerinin göç politikalarının dönüşümüne olan etkisiyle ilgili bir araştırmaya dayanmaktadır. Alan üzerine yapılan önceki çalışmalar, Ortadoğu'dan son on yılda yaşanan göçlerin, AB üye ülkelerini göç politikalarını yeniden şekillendirmeye yönelttiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda kamuoyu tartışmaları, AB'nin mültecileri kabul ederken uyguladığı açık kapı politikalarını eleştiri temelinde şekillenmektedir. AB'de toplumsal ve siyasal alanda artan mülteci karşıtı yaklaşımların olduğu bir dönemde, 2020 yılında ortaya çıkan Covid-19 salgını, AB üye ülkelerinin sınırlarını kapatmalarına ve diğer ülkelerle ilişkilerini yeniden yapılandırmalarına neden olmuştur. Nitel bir araştırma temelinde birincil kaynak analizleri yoluyla bu çalışma, toplum sağlığı ve mültecilerin daha geniş toplum üzerindeki etkisine odaklanan bu yeni güvenlik perspektifini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Almanya örneği üzerinde yapılan bu araştırma, pandemi döneminde ilk etapta turistik ziyaretlerin kısıtlanma süreçleri ve AB dışından gelen sığınmacıların başvurularının askıya alınması gibi düzenlemeleri incelemektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, AB üye devletlerinin pandemi ile birlikte göç süreçlerini dijitalleştirmelerinin üye devletlere göçmen kabulünde yüksek nitelikli göçmenleri belirleme için yeni bir sürece sahip olmayı sağladığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19
• Pandemi
• Dönüşüm
• Göç Politikası
• AB

TRANSFORMATION OF THE MIGRATION POLICY IN THE EU: THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Öz

This paper examines the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the transformation of the migration policy of the EU member states. Recent analyses reveal that the migration flows in the last decade from the Middle East has prompted the EU member states to reform their migration policy. Public debates surrounding this process based on criticizing the EU’s open border policies to accept refugees. In light of the increasing anti-refugee approaches in the social and political sphere of the EU, Covid-19 pandemic of 2020 has led the EU member states to close their borders and reevaluating relations with other countries. Through a qualitative research and analysis of primary sources, this paper aims to reveal this new security perspective that prioritizes public health and considers the impact of the refugees on the broader society. The research in the case of Germany reveals that during the pandemic the touristic visits were restricted and the applications for asylum seekers from outside of the EU were suspended. Additionally, the digitalization process of migration of EU member states’ affected to have a new selection process for the highly qualified migrants to be welcomed in the member states.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19
• Pandemic
• Transformation
• Migration Policy
• EU

Kaynakça

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