FARKLILAŞMIŞ ENTEGRASYON ALANI OLARAK AB ORTAK TERÖRLE MÜCADELE POLİTİKASI: YASAL UYGULAMA FARKLILIKLARININ NİCEL ANALİZİ

Öz

Özet: Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği üye devletleri arasındaki terörle mücadele politikalarındaki farklılaşmayı, terör saldırıları ile AB müktesebatına uyum ihlalleri arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz ederek incelemektedir. 1970’lerden bu yana terörle mücadele için çeşitli direktif ve stratejilerin kabul edilmesine rağmen, üye devletler bu direktifleri ulusal hukuk sistemlerine tek tip bir şekilde aktarmamış veya uygulamamıştır. Ana argüman, üye devletlerin güvenlik konularında egemenlik devretme konusundaki isteksizliği ve farklılaşmış entegrasyon mekanizmalarını kullanmalarının, ortak bir terörle mücadele politikasının uygulanmasındaki başlıca engelleri oluşturduğudur. Çalışma, 27 AB üye devletinin karşılaştığı terör saldırıları ile AB terörle mücadele mevzuatı ihlalleri arasındaki ilişkiyi nicel yöntemler kullanarak incelemektedir. Bulgular, tehdit düzeyi ile uyum arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını ve devletlerin güvenlik politikalarında ulusal çıkarları önceliklendirdiğini göstermektedir. İlgili direktiflerin uygulanmasındaki tutarsızlıklar, AB düzeyinde entegre bir politika üretmenin önündeki engelleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Analiz, realist teorinin kendi kendine yardım ilkesi ve yeni hükümetlerarasıcılığın egemenlik merkezli yaklaşımıyla uyumludur. Çalışma, üye devletlerin daha derin entegrasyon konusunda temkinli kaldığını ve “de novo” kurumların güçlendirilmesinin bu yapısal farklılaşmanın ele alınması için potansiyel taşıdığını savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Terörle Mücadele
• Farklılaştırılmış Entegrasyon
• Yeni Hükümetlerarasılık
• Avrupa Birliği
• Entegrasyon

THE EU COMMON COUNTER-TERRORISM POLICY AS A DIFFERENTIATED AREA OF INTEGRATION: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES IN LEGAL IMPLEMENTATION

Öz

This article examines the differentiation in counter-terrorism policies among European Union member states by analyzing the relationship between terrorist attacks and violations of compliance with the EU acquis. Despite the adoption of various directives and strategies to combat terrorism since the 1970s, member states have not uniformly transposed or implemented these directives into their national legal systems. The main argument is that member states’ reluctance to cede sovereignty in security matters and their use of differentiated integration mechanisms constitute primary obstacles to implementing a common terrorism policy. The study examines the relationship between terrorist attacks faced by the 27 EU member states and violations of EU anti-terrorism legislation using quantitative methods. The findings indicate no significant correlation between threat level and compliance, demonstrating that states prioritize national interests in their security policies. Inconsistencies in the implementation of relevant directives reveal obstacles to producing an integrated policy at the EU level. The analysis aligns with the self-help principle of realist theory and the sovereignty-centered approach of new intergovernmentalism. The study argues that member states remain cautious about deeper integration and that strengthening “de novo” institutions holds potential for addressing this structural differentiation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Counter-Terrorism
• Differentiated Integration
• New Intergovernmentalism
• European Union
• Integration

Kaynakça

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