Increasing Role of China on Energy Geopolitics and Reshaping of U.S. Energy Policy

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 79 - 98, 01.06.2019

Orhan Çifçi

Öz

In this study it is examined US reshaped energy policy. Recently US has need to reshape its energy policy becasue of the fact that some changings have occured in international system and its domestic politics. In that respect China’s increasing influence on global energy geopolitcs has become most significant factor in shaping US energy policy. Besides increasing of its economic and military power, boosting number of population of China have caused to ascend Chinese role in global energy geopolitics. In order to satisfy its energy needs China has developed its relations with Middle Asian countries and Russia and has increased its influence on African region. Two energy resources which cause to increase energy competation between US and China have become oil and natural gas. Nevertheless highest level of relations between Middle Eastern countries and US and also US national and multinational energy companies have enabled US to become leader in global energy geopolitics. From this perspective, the study emphasize that thanks to reshaped energy policies of US and its energy companies US has still leading role in global energy geopolitics

Çin’in Enerji Jeopolitiğinde Artan Rolü ve ABD’nin Enerji Politikasının Yeniden Şekillenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada ABD’nin yeniden şekillenen enerji politikası incelenmektedir. Son dönemlerde ABD uluslararası sistemde ve iç politikasındaki yaşanan değişimlerle birlikte enerji politikasını yeniden şekillendirmek zorunda kalmıştır. ABD’nin enerji politikasını yeniden belirlemesinde uluslararası sistemdeki değişkenlerden en önemlisi Çin’in küresel enerji jeopolitiğinde artan etkisi olmuştur. Son dönemlerde Çin’in artan askeri ve ekonomik gücünün yanı sıra artan nüfusu küresel enerji jeopolitiğindeki etkisinin artmasını kaçınılmaz kılmıştır. Çin enerji ihtiyacını karşılayabilmek için Orta Asya ülkeleri ve Rusya’yla ilişkilerini geliştirmesinin yanı sıra Afrika bölgesindeki enerji kaynakları üzerindeki politik etkisini de arttırmıştır. ABD ve Çin arasındaki enerji rekabetinin artmasına neden olan iki enerji kaynağı ise petrol ve doğal gazdır. Çin’in artan etkisine rağmen ABD’nin Ortadoğu ülkeleriyle enerji işbirliğini üst seviyede tutması ve ulusal ve çok uluslu enerji şirketlerinin dünyanın birçok bölgesinde faaliyet göstermesi küresel enerji jeopolitiğinde liderlik konumunu sürdürmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Çalışmada Çin’in küresel enerji jeopolitiğindeki rolünün artmasına rağmen ABD’nin yeniden şekillenen enerji politikaları ve enerji şirketleri sayesinde enerji jeopolitiğinde lider konumda olduğu vurgulanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

ABD, Çin, Enerji Jeopolitiği, Petrol, Doğal gaz

Kaynakça

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