BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

İşlevsel Yaklaşım ile Gönüllülük Motivasyonlarının İncelenmesi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 7 Sayı: Gençlik ve Gönüllülük, 77 - 100, 01.01.2019

Ümit Doğrul

Öz

Giderek artan sosyal sorunlar ve bu sorunlara ilişkin sürdürülebilir çözüm beklentisi gönüllü kuruluşlara duyulan ihtiyacın her geçen gün daha da artmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu durum farklı toplumsal ihtiyaçları giderebilecek yeni gönüllü kuruluşların ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Özellikle bu organizasyonlarda görev alacak gönüllüler bulmak organizasyonların amaçlarına ulaşması ve devamlılığının olması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Son yıllarda sosyal pazarlama kavramının da önem kazanmasıyla birlikte bu organizasyonların hem ihtiyaç sahiplerine hem de gönüllülere ulaşması için çalışmalar yapılmakta ve çözüm önerileri geliştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da, üniversite öğrencilerinin toplum yararına olan projelerde gönüllü olma niyetlerine etki eden motivasyon faktörlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada ayrıca gönüllülük niyetinin yaşam tatmini üzerindeki etkisi de incelenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda 320 öğrenciye anket uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda kariyer işlevi dışında motivasyon işlev envanter boyutlarının gönüllülük niyetini olumlu etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Gönüllülük niyetinin de yaşam tatminini olumlu yönde etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal Pazarlama Gönüllülük Gönüllü İşlev Envanteri Gönüllülük Niyeti Yaşam Tatmini

Kaynakça

  • • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory at planned behavior. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, (50), 179-211.
  • • Allison, L. D., Okun, M. A. & Dutridge, K. S. (2002). Assessing volunteer motives: a comparison of an open-ended probe and Likert rating scales. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 12(4), 243-255.
  • • Bang, H., & Ross, S. D. (2009). Volunteer motivation and satisfaction. Journal of Venue and Event Management, 1(1), 61-77.
  • • Binder, M. (2015). Volunteering and life satisfaction: a closer look at the hypothesis that volunteering more strongly benefits the unhappy. Applied Economics Letters, 22(11),874-885,
  • • Blau, G. & Holladay, E. B. (2006). Testing the discriminant validity of a four dimensional occupational commitment measure. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 691–704.
  • • Brayley, N., O. P. L., White, Katherine M., Lewis, Ioni M., Warburton, Jeni, & Spencer, Nancy (2015) Examining the predictive value of combining the theory of planned behaviour and the volunteer functions inventory. Australian Journal of Psychology, 67(3). 149-156.
  • • Burns, D. J., Toncar, M., Reid, J., Anderson, C., Wells, C., Fawcett, J. & Gruben, K. (2005). Volunteering: A comparison of the motivations of collegiate students attending different types of institutions. International Journal of Volunteer Administration, 23(4), 31-40.
  • • Cemalcılar, İ. (1988). Sosyal pazarlama ve bir örnek. Pazarlama Dünyası, Yıl:2, Sayı:7.
  • • Clary, E. G. & Snyder, M. (1999). The motivations to volunteer: Theoretical and practical considerations. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(5), 156-159.
  • • Clary, E. G., Snyder, M., Ridge, R. D., Copeland, J., Stukas, A. A., Haugen, J. & Miene, P. (1998). Understanding and assessing the motivations o f volunteers: A functional approach. Journal o f Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1516- 56 1630.
  • • Diener, E., Sandvik, E. M., Seidlitz, L. & Diener, M. (1993). The relationship between income and subjective well-being: Relative or absolute. Social Indicators Research, 28, 195–223.
  • • Eley, D. & Kirk, D. (2002). Developing citizenship through sport: The impact of a sport-based volunteer programme on young sport leaders. Sport, Education and Society, 7(2), 151- 166.
  • • Emad, F., Masoom Ali, S. & Sardar, H. (2017). Impact of Motivation Behind Volunteerism on Satisfaction with Life among University Students. Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 3(2), 175-187.
  • • Erdurmazlı, E. (2018). Gönüllülerin motivasyon ve iş tatminleri üzerine bir araştırma: Örgüt kültürünün aracılık rolünün incelenmesi. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(2). 71-90.
  • • Farmer, S. M. & Fedor, D. B. (1999). Volunteer participation and withdrawal: A psychological contract perspective on the role of expectations and organizational support. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 9, 349-367.
  • • Frey J. H. & Eitzen S. D. (1991). Sport and society. Annual Review of Sociology. 17,503–522.
  • • Frisch, M. B. (2000). Quality of life therapy: Applying a life satisfaction approach to positive psychology and cognitive therapy. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • • Gage, R. L. & Thapa, B. (2012). Volunteer motivations and constraints among college students: Analysis of the Volunteer Function Inventory and leisure constraints models. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 41, 405-430.
  • • Grant, A. (2012). Giving time, time after time: Work design and sustained employee participation in corporate volunteering. Academy of Management Review, 37(4), 589–615.
  • • Girouard, F. D. M. (2016). TRU student motivations to volunteer. Proceedings of the Annual Thompson Rivers University Undergraduate Research and Innovation Conference, 10(1) , Article 12.
  • • Güntert, S.T., Strubel, I.T., Kals, E. & Wehner, T. (2016). The quality of volunteers’ motives: Integrating the functional approach and self-determination theory. The Journal of Social Psychology, 156(3), 310-327.
  • • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis with readings (4th Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (Global Ed.). Pearson Education.
  • • Harnish, R. J., & Bridges, K. (2015), Predicting volunteer motives among university faculty and staff: A functional approach, PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, 4 (2). 73-91.
  • • Heo J., Chun S., Lee S. & Kim J. (2016). Life satisfaction and psychological well-being of older adults with cancer experience: The Role of optimism and volunteering. International Journal of Aging & Human Development. 83(3), 274–289.
  • • Herzog, A., Kahn, R., Morgan, J., Jackson, J. S. & Antonucci, T. C. (1989). Age differences in productive activity. Journal of Gerontology, 4, 129–S138.
  • • Huang, Y. (2016). Downward social comparison ıncreases life-satisfaction in the giving and volunteering context. Social Indicators Research, 125(2), 665–676.
  • • Inglis, S. & Cleave, S. L. (2006). A scale to assess board member motivations in nonprofit organizations. Nonprofit Management and Leadership Journal, 17(1), 83-101.
  • • Joseph, B. M. & Carolissen, R. (2019). Citizenship: A core motive for South African university student volunteers. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 14(3), 225-240.
  • • Khoo, S. & Engelhorn, R. (2011). Volunteer motivations at a national special olympics event. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 28, 27-39.
  • • Kim, M., Zhang, J. J., & Connaughton, D. (2010). Modifi cation of the volunteer functions inventory for application in youth sports. Sport Management Review, 13(1), 25-38.
  • • Liao-Troth, M. A. & Dunn, C. P. (1999). Social constructs and human service: Managerial sense making of volunteer motivation. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 10, 345-361.
  • • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: Mc Graw-Hill.
  • • Pauline, G. & Pauline, J. S. (2009). Volunteer motivation and demographic influences at a professional tennis event. Team Performance Management, 15(3), 172-184.
  • • Pavot, W. & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 137-152.
  • • Penner, L.A. (2004). Volunteerism and social problems: Making things better or worse?. Journal of Social Issues, 60(3), 645–666.
  • • Piliavin, J. A. Grube, J. A., & Callero, P. L. (2002). Role as resources for action in public service. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 469–485.
  • • Polatçı, S. (2015). Örgütsel ve sosyal destek algılarının yaşam tatmini üzerindeki etkisi: İş ve evlilik tatmininin aracılık rolü. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(2), 25-44.
  • • Ramalingam, L., Sharifuddin, J., Abidin, Z. & Fazlin Ali, M. (2019). Motivation and satisfaction of volunteers for community‐based urban agriculture programmes. The International Social Science Journal, 69(231), 49-62.
  • • Saha, S. & Chandra, B. (2018). Understanding the underlying motives and intention among Indian blood donors towards voluntary blood donation: A cross-sectional study. Transfusion Clinique et Biologique. 25(2), 109-117.
  • • Sallam, A. & Safizal, A. O. (2015). The key drivers of volunteering ıntention among undergraduate Malaysian students–an application of theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(2), 1-13.
  • • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research, 8(2), 23-74.
  • • Smith, J. D. (1998). The national survey of volunteering. National centre for Volunteering Research: London.
  • • Van Ingen, E. & Dekker, P. (2010). Changes in the determinants of volunteering: Participation and time investment between 1975 and 2005 in the Netherlands. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. 40(4), 682-70.
  • • Yükseköğretimde Engelsiz Ufuklar Çalıştayı Ve Engelsiz Üniversiteler Raporu (2019), https://engelsiz. yok.gov.tr/Documents/Calistay_Raporlari/engelsiz_ufuklar_%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Ftayi_ ve_2019_engelsiz_universiteler%20odul_toreni_raporu.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 10.10.2019
  • • Washington, J. (2018). Becoming Active citizens: motivations to volunteer among undergraduate students in a liberal arts college. School of Professional and Continuing Studies Nonprofit Studies Capstone Projects. 4, 1-56.
  • • Wilson, J. (2000). Volunteering. Annual review of sociology, 26, 215-240.
  • • Wilson, J. & Musick, M. (1999). The effects of volunteering on the volunteer. Law and Contemporary Problems, 62(4), 141-168.

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 7 Sayı: Gençlik ve Gönüllülük, 77 - 100, 01.01.2019

Ümit Doğrul

Öz

Increasing social problems and the expectation for sustainable solutions to these problems cause the need for voluntary organizations to increase day by day. This situation prepared the ground for the emergence of new voluntary organizations that could meet different social needs. Particularly, finding volunteers to take part in these organizations is important in terms of achieving the objectives and continuity of the organizations. In recent years, with the increasing importance of the concept of social marketing, these organizations are working to reach both the needy and the volunteers and solutions are developed. The aim of this study is to reveal the factors that affect university students’ intention to volunteer in disability projects from a functional point of view. In addition, the effect of volunteering intent on life satisfaction was also investigated. In this direction, 320 university students were surveyed. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the dimensions of motivation function inventory affect the volunteer intention positively except career function. Volunteer intention has also positively affected life satisfaction

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social Marketing Volunteering Volunteer Function Inventory Volunteer Intention Life Satisfaction

Kaynakça

  • • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory at planned behavior. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, (50), 179-211.
  • • Allison, L. D., Okun, M. A. & Dutridge, K. S. (2002). Assessing volunteer motives: a comparison of an open-ended probe and Likert rating scales. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 12(4), 243-255.
  • • Bang, H., & Ross, S. D. (2009). Volunteer motivation and satisfaction. Journal of Venue and Event Management, 1(1), 61-77.
  • • Binder, M. (2015). Volunteering and life satisfaction: a closer look at the hypothesis that volunteering more strongly benefits the unhappy. Applied Economics Letters, 22(11),874-885,
  • • Blau, G. & Holladay, E. B. (2006). Testing the discriminant validity of a four dimensional occupational commitment measure. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 691–704.
  • • Brayley, N., O. P. L., White, Katherine M., Lewis, Ioni M., Warburton, Jeni, & Spencer, Nancy (2015) Examining the predictive value of combining the theory of planned behaviour and the volunteer functions inventory. Australian Journal of Psychology, 67(3). 149-156.
  • • Burns, D. J., Toncar, M., Reid, J., Anderson, C., Wells, C., Fawcett, J. & Gruben, K. (2005). Volunteering: A comparison of the motivations of collegiate students attending different types of institutions. International Journal of Volunteer Administration, 23(4), 31-40.
  • • Cemalcılar, İ. (1988). Sosyal pazarlama ve bir örnek. Pazarlama Dünyası, Yıl:2, Sayı:7.
  • • Clary, E. G. & Snyder, M. (1999). The motivations to volunteer: Theoretical and practical considerations. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(5), 156-159.
  • • Clary, E. G., Snyder, M., Ridge, R. D., Copeland, J., Stukas, A. A., Haugen, J. & Miene, P. (1998). Understanding and assessing the motivations o f volunteers: A functional approach. Journal o f Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1516- 56 1630.
  • • Diener, E., Sandvik, E. M., Seidlitz, L. & Diener, M. (1993). The relationship between income and subjective well-being: Relative or absolute. Social Indicators Research, 28, 195–223.
  • • Eley, D. & Kirk, D. (2002). Developing citizenship through sport: The impact of a sport-based volunteer programme on young sport leaders. Sport, Education and Society, 7(2), 151- 166.
  • • Emad, F., Masoom Ali, S. & Sardar, H. (2017). Impact of Motivation Behind Volunteerism on Satisfaction with Life among University Students. Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 3(2), 175-187.
  • • Erdurmazlı, E. (2018). Gönüllülerin motivasyon ve iş tatminleri üzerine bir araştırma: Örgüt kültürünün aracılık rolünün incelenmesi. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(2). 71-90.
  • • Farmer, S. M. & Fedor, D. B. (1999). Volunteer participation and withdrawal: A psychological contract perspective on the role of expectations and organizational support. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 9, 349-367.
  • • Frey J. H. & Eitzen S. D. (1991). Sport and society. Annual Review of Sociology. 17,503–522.
  • • Frisch, M. B. (2000). Quality of life therapy: Applying a life satisfaction approach to positive psychology and cognitive therapy. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • • Gage, R. L. & Thapa, B. (2012). Volunteer motivations and constraints among college students: Analysis of the Volunteer Function Inventory and leisure constraints models. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 41, 405-430.
  • • Grant, A. (2012). Giving time, time after time: Work design and sustained employee participation in corporate volunteering. Academy of Management Review, 37(4), 589–615.
  • • Girouard, F. D. M. (2016). TRU student motivations to volunteer. Proceedings of the Annual Thompson Rivers University Undergraduate Research and Innovation Conference, 10(1) , Article 12.
  • • Güntert, S.T., Strubel, I.T., Kals, E. & Wehner, T. (2016). The quality of volunteers’ motives: Integrating the functional approach and self-determination theory. The Journal of Social Psychology, 156(3), 310-327.
  • • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis with readings (4th Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (Global Ed.). Pearson Education.
  • • Harnish, R. J., & Bridges, K. (2015), Predicting volunteer motives among university faculty and staff: A functional approach, PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, 4 (2). 73-91.
  • • Heo J., Chun S., Lee S. & Kim J. (2016). Life satisfaction and psychological well-being of older adults with cancer experience: The Role of optimism and volunteering. International Journal of Aging & Human Development. 83(3), 274–289.
  • • Herzog, A., Kahn, R., Morgan, J., Jackson, J. S. & Antonucci, T. C. (1989). Age differences in productive activity. Journal of Gerontology, 4, 129–S138.
  • • Huang, Y. (2016). Downward social comparison ıncreases life-satisfaction in the giving and volunteering context. Social Indicators Research, 125(2), 665–676.
  • • Inglis, S. & Cleave, S. L. (2006). A scale to assess board member motivations in nonprofit organizations. Nonprofit Management and Leadership Journal, 17(1), 83-101.
  • • Joseph, B. M. & Carolissen, R. (2019). Citizenship: A core motive for South African university student volunteers. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 14(3), 225-240.
  • • Khoo, S. & Engelhorn, R. (2011). Volunteer motivations at a national special olympics event. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 28, 27-39.
  • • Kim, M., Zhang, J. J., & Connaughton, D. (2010). Modifi cation of the volunteer functions inventory for application in youth sports. Sport Management Review, 13(1), 25-38.
  • • Liao-Troth, M. A. & Dunn, C. P. (1999). Social constructs and human service: Managerial sense making of volunteer motivation. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 10, 345-361.
  • • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York: Mc Graw-Hill.
  • • Pauline, G. & Pauline, J. S. (2009). Volunteer motivation and demographic influences at a professional tennis event. Team Performance Management, 15(3), 172-184.
  • • Pavot, W. & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 137-152.
  • • Penner, L.A. (2004). Volunteerism and social problems: Making things better or worse?. Journal of Social Issues, 60(3), 645–666.
  • • Piliavin, J. A. Grube, J. A., & Callero, P. L. (2002). Role as resources for action in public service. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 469–485.
  • • Polatçı, S. (2015). Örgütsel ve sosyal destek algılarının yaşam tatmini üzerindeki etkisi: İş ve evlilik tatmininin aracılık rolü. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(2), 25-44.
  • • Ramalingam, L., Sharifuddin, J., Abidin, Z. & Fazlin Ali, M. (2019). Motivation and satisfaction of volunteers for community‐based urban agriculture programmes. The International Social Science Journal, 69(231), 49-62.
  • • Saha, S. & Chandra, B. (2018). Understanding the underlying motives and intention among Indian blood donors towards voluntary blood donation: A cross-sectional study. Transfusion Clinique et Biologique. 25(2), 109-117.
  • • Sallam, A. & Safizal, A. O. (2015). The key drivers of volunteering ıntention among undergraduate Malaysian students–an application of theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(2), 1-13.
  • • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research, 8(2), 23-74.
  • • Smith, J. D. (1998). The national survey of volunteering. National centre for Volunteering Research: London.
  • • Van Ingen, E. & Dekker, P. (2010). Changes in the determinants of volunteering: Participation and time investment between 1975 and 2005 in the Netherlands. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. 40(4), 682-70.
  • • Yükseköğretimde Engelsiz Ufuklar Çalıştayı Ve Engelsiz Üniversiteler Raporu (2019), https://engelsiz. yok.gov.tr/Documents/Calistay_Raporlari/engelsiz_ufuklar_%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Ftayi_ ve_2019_engelsiz_universiteler%20odul_toreni_raporu.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 10.10.2019
  • • Washington, J. (2018). Becoming Active citizens: motivations to volunteer among undergraduate students in a liberal arts college. School of Professional and Continuing Studies Nonprofit Studies Capstone Projects. 4, 1-56.
  • • Wilson, J. (2000). Volunteering. Annual review of sociology, 26, 215-240.
  • • Wilson, J. & Musick, M. (1999). The effects of volunteering on the volunteer. Law and Contemporary Problems, 62(4), 141-168.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ümit Doğrul Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 7 Sayı: Gençlik ve Gönüllülük

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğrul, Ü. (2019). İşlevsel Yaklaşım ile Gönüllülük Motivasyonlarının İncelenmesi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir. Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(Gençlik ve Gönüllülük), 77-100.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

ÖNEMLİ NOT: DERGİMİZ ÖZEL SAYILAR HARİCİNDE HER YILIN NİSAN, AĞUSTOS VE ARALIK AYLARINDA OLMAK ÜZERE YILDA ÜÇ DEFA YAYIMLANMAKTADIR. ADAY ÇALIŞMALAR SAYIYA ÖZEL GÖNDERİLMEMEKTEDİR. DERGİMİZE GÖNDERİLEN MAKALELER DEĞERLENDİRME SÜRECİNİN TAMAMLANMASINI TAKİBEN UYGUN OLAN İLK SAYIDA YAYIMLANMAKTADIR.