BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Malta Öğrencileri Arasında Sarhoşluğa Ait Toplumsal Gösterimler

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 16, 57 - 70, 01.01.2018

Öz

Gençlerin içki örüntüleri sürekli bir gözleme nesne teşkil etmektedir. Gençlerin sarhoşluğa dair toplumsal gösterimleri ve bu gösterimlerin kültürel inşalar tarafından nasıl etkilendiği son derece az incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma, genç Maltalı insanlar ile yapılan odak grup çalışmasında ortaya çıkan bulguları tartışmaktadır. Bulgular gençliğin içinde yaşadıkları belli toplumsal gruplaşmaların alkollü olma haline verdikleri anlamın ne olduğunu incelemektedir. Daimi Karşılaştırmalı Yöntem kullanıldığında bu nüfus arasından sarhoşluğun toplumsal gösterimlerine ışık tutan beş kavramsal kategori ortaya çıkmaktadır: toplumsal zorunluluk olarak içme, alkollü olmanın normalleştirilmesi, sarhoşluğun bileşenleri, sarhoşluk söylemleri ve yer ve zamanın önemi. Çözümleme gençlerin etrafındakiler ile iletişim içinde düşünce, inanç ve anlayış iletimleri yolu ile sarhoşluk anlayışlarını etkin olarak nasıl inşa ettiklerine kanıt sunmaktadır. Çalışma önleme ve zarar azaltımı için öneriler ile sonlanmaktadır

Kaynakça

  • • Ahlström, S. K., & Österberg, E. L. (2005). International perspectives on adolescent and young adult drinking. Alcohol Research and Health , 28, 258-268.
  • • Arnett, J. J. (2005). The Developmental Context of Substance Use in Emering Adulthood. Journal of Drug Issues , 235-254.
  • • Arnett, J. J. (2002). The psychology of globalization. American Psychologist , 57 (10), 774-783.
  • • Bagnall, G. (1991). Educating young drinkers. London : Routledge.
  • • Bartolo, C. (2016, April 23). The Six Maltese Stages of Being Drunk. Retrieved April 26, 2016, from LovinMalta: http://lovinmalta.com/humour/maltese-stages-of-being-drunk
  • • Bjarnason, T., Steriu, A., & Kokkevi, A. (2010). Cannabis supply and demand reduction: evidence from the ESPAD study of adolescents in 31 European countries. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy , 17 (2), 123-134.
  • • Cefai, C., & Camilleri, L. (2009). Healthy students healthy lives: The health of Maltese university students. Malta: University of Malta.
  • • Crisp, R. J., & Turner, R. N. (2010). Essential social psychology (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • • Davies, P. (1984). Alcohol-related Problems in the European Community. Oxford: Oxford Rehabilitation Research Unit.
  • • Davies, P., & Walsh, B. (1983). Alcohol Problems and Alcohol Control in Europe. London & Canberra: Croom Helm.
  • • Durkheim, E. (1924/1974). Sociology and philosophy. In G. Sammut, E. Andreouli, G. Gaskell, & J. Valsiner, The Cambridge handbook of social representations. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Engs, R. (1995). Do traditional western European drinking practices have origins in antiquity? Addiction Research , 2, 227-239.
  • • ESPAD. (2015). Results from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • • Farrington, D. P., Hancock, G., Livingston, M., Painter, K. A., & Towl, G. (2000). Evaluation of Intensive Regimes for Young Offenders. Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate Research Findings No. 121. London: Home Office.
  • • Garnsey, P., & Saller, R. P. (1987). The Roman Empire: Economy, Society and Culture. California: University of California Press.
  • • Heath, D. B., & Cooper, A. M. (1988). Lessons on Drinking: the Italians can do it the best. Europe: Wall Street Journal.
  • • Hibell, B., Guttormsson, U., Ahlström, S., Balakireva, O., Bjarnason, T., Kokkevi, A., et al. (2009). The 2007 ESPAD report: Substance use among students in 35 European countries. Stockholm, Sweden: The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
  • • Hogg, M. A., & Vaughan, G. M. (2008). Social psychology. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.
  • • Howarth, C., & Sammut, G. (2014). Social representations. In T. Teo, Encyclopedia of critical psychology (pp. 1799-1802). New York: Springer.
  • • Hunt, G., Moloney, M., & Fazio, A. (2014). “A cool little buzz”: Alcohol intoxication in the dance club scene. Substance Use & Misuse , 968–981.
  • • Hupkens, C. L., Knibbe, R. A., & Drop, M. J. (1993). Alcohol consumption in the European Community: Uniformity and diversity in drinking patterns. Addiction , 88 (10), 1391-1404.
  • • Järvinen, M., & Room, R. (2007). Youth drinking cultures: European experiences. Surrey, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
  • • Jellinek, E. (1962). The Disease Concept of Alcoholism. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy , 12 (4), 529-531.
  • • Keane, H. (2009). Intoxication, harm and pleasure: an analysis of the Australian National Alcohol Strategy. Critical Public Health , 19 (2), 135-142.
  • • Kuntsche, E., & Cooper, M. L. (2010). Drinking to have fun and to get drunk: Motives as predictors of weekend drinking over and above usual drinking habits. Drug and alcohol dependence , 110, 259–262.
  • • Leigh, B., & Lee, C. (2008). What motivates extreme drinking? In M. Martinic, & F. Measham, Swimming with crocodiles: The culture of extreme drinking (pp. 53-78). New York: Routledge.
  • • Levine, H. G. (1992). Temperance cultures: Concern about alcohol problems in Nordic and English- speaking cultures. In M. Lader, G. Edwards, & D. C. Drummend (Eds.), The nature of alcohol and drug related problems. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
  • • Lindsay, J., Kelly, P., Harrison, L., Hickey, C., Advocat, J., & Cormack, S. (2009). ‘What a Great Night’: The Cultural Drivers of Drinking Practices among 14-24 Year-Old Australians. PSI: Monash University.
  • • Lolli, G., Serianni, E., & Golder, G. (1958). Alcohol in Italian culture: Food and wine in relation to sobriety among Italians and Italian Americans. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
  • • Measham, F. (2006). The new policy mix: alcohol, harm minimisation and determined drunkenness in contemporary society. International Journal of Drug Policy , 17 (4), 258-268.
  • • Measham, F., & Brain, K. (2005). ‘Binge’ drinking, British alcohol policy and the new culture of intoxication. Crime, Media, Culture , 1 (3), 262-263.
  • • Moscovici, S. (1972). Theory and society in social psychology. In J. Israel, & H. Tajfel, The Context of Social Psychology: A Critical Assessment. London: Academic Press.
  • • Moscovici, S., & Farr, R. M. (1984). European studies in social psychology: Social representations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Munro, G., Gregory, P., & Jones, S. C. (2009). ‘Adolescent and Young Adult Perceptions of Australian Alcohol Advertisements’. Journal of Substance Use , 9 (1), 1-18.
  • • Parker, H., Williams, L., & Aldridge, J. (2002). The normalization of ‘sensible’ recreational drug use: Further evidence from the north west England longitudinal study. Sociology , 36 (4), 941-964.
  • • Read, J. P., Wood, M. D., Kahler, C. W., Maddock, J. E., & Palfai, T. P. (2003). Examining the role of drinking motives in college student alcohol use and problems. Psychology of addictive behaviors , 17, 13-23.
  • • Roche, A. M., Pidd, K., Bywood, P., Duraisingam, V., Steenson, T., Freeman, T., et al. (2008). Drug testing in schools: Evidence, impacts and alternatives. Canberra: Australian National Council on Drugs.
  • • Room, R. (2004). Drinking and coming of age in a cross-cultural perspective. In R. J. Bonnie, & M. E. O’Connor (Eds.), Reducing underage drinking: A collective responsibility (pp. 654-677). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
  • • Sammut, G., Andreouli, E., Gaskell, G., & Valsiner, J. (2015). The Cambridge handbook of social representations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Sammut, G., Tsirogianni, S., & Wagoner, B. (2012, July 29). Representations from the past: Social relations and the devolution of social representations. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science , 493-511.
  • • sedqa. (2006). Alcohol, Tobacco and Drug Use Amongst 18 - 24 Year Olds in Post-Secondary and Tertiary Education. Malta: National Agency Against Drug and Alcohol Abuse.
  • • Smith, & Hanham. (1982). Alcohol Abuse: Geographical Perspectives. Washington D.C.: Association of American Geographers.
  • • Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • • Szmigin, I., Griffin, C., Mistral, W., Bengry-Howell, A., Weale, L., & Hackley, C. (2008). Re-framing ‘binge drinking’ as calculated hedonism: Empirical evidence from the UK. International Journal of Drug Policy , 19 (5), 359-366.
  • • White, H. R., & Jackson, K. (2005). Social and psychological influences on emerging adult drinking behavior. Alcohol Research & Health , 4, 182-190.
  • • Østergaard, J. (2007). Youth, binge drinking and the parents’ paradox. Copenhagen: DK.
  • • Withington, P., Weinberg, D., Herring, J. & Regan, C. (2012) Intoxication and Society. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Social Representations of Drunkenness Among Maltese University Students

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 16, 57 - 70, 01.01.2018

Öz

The drinking patterns of young people are subjected to continuous monitoring. Their social representations of drunkenness and how these are influenced by cultural constructions have been less extensively examined. This paper discusses the findings emergent from a focus group study with young Maltese people. The findings explored how youth give the state of being intoxicated meaning within the particular social groupings they inhabit. Using the Constant Comparative Method, five conceptual categories that throw light on the social representations of drunkenness among this population emerged: drinking as social imperative, normalisation of intoxication, constituents of drunkenness, discourses of drunkenness and importance of setting. The analysis documents how young people actively construct their understanding of drunkenness in interaction with those around them through the transmission of ideas, beliefs and understandings. The paper concludes with some recommendations for prevention and harm reduction

Kaynakça

  • • Ahlström, S. K., & Österberg, E. L. (2005). International perspectives on adolescent and young adult drinking. Alcohol Research and Health , 28, 258-268.
  • • Arnett, J. J. (2005). The Developmental Context of Substance Use in Emering Adulthood. Journal of Drug Issues , 235-254.
  • • Arnett, J. J. (2002). The psychology of globalization. American Psychologist , 57 (10), 774-783.
  • • Bagnall, G. (1991). Educating young drinkers. London : Routledge.
  • • Bartolo, C. (2016, April 23). The Six Maltese Stages of Being Drunk. Retrieved April 26, 2016, from LovinMalta: http://lovinmalta.com/humour/maltese-stages-of-being-drunk
  • • Bjarnason, T., Steriu, A., & Kokkevi, A. (2010). Cannabis supply and demand reduction: evidence from the ESPAD study of adolescents in 31 European countries. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy , 17 (2), 123-134.
  • • Cefai, C., & Camilleri, L. (2009). Healthy students healthy lives: The health of Maltese university students. Malta: University of Malta.
  • • Crisp, R. J., & Turner, R. N. (2010). Essential social psychology (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • • Davies, P. (1984). Alcohol-related Problems in the European Community. Oxford: Oxford Rehabilitation Research Unit.
  • • Davies, P., & Walsh, B. (1983). Alcohol Problems and Alcohol Control in Europe. London & Canberra: Croom Helm.
  • • Durkheim, E. (1924/1974). Sociology and philosophy. In G. Sammut, E. Andreouli, G. Gaskell, & J. Valsiner, The Cambridge handbook of social representations. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Engs, R. (1995). Do traditional western European drinking practices have origins in antiquity? Addiction Research , 2, 227-239.
  • • ESPAD. (2015). Results from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • • Farrington, D. P., Hancock, G., Livingston, M., Painter, K. A., & Towl, G. (2000). Evaluation of Intensive Regimes for Young Offenders. Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate Research Findings No. 121. London: Home Office.
  • • Garnsey, P., & Saller, R. P. (1987). The Roman Empire: Economy, Society and Culture. California: University of California Press.
  • • Heath, D. B., & Cooper, A. M. (1988). Lessons on Drinking: the Italians can do it the best. Europe: Wall Street Journal.
  • • Hibell, B., Guttormsson, U., Ahlström, S., Balakireva, O., Bjarnason, T., Kokkevi, A., et al. (2009). The 2007 ESPAD report: Substance use among students in 35 European countries. Stockholm, Sweden: The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
  • • Hogg, M. A., & Vaughan, G. M. (2008). Social psychology. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.
  • • Howarth, C., & Sammut, G. (2014). Social representations. In T. Teo, Encyclopedia of critical psychology (pp. 1799-1802). New York: Springer.
  • • Hunt, G., Moloney, M., & Fazio, A. (2014). “A cool little buzz”: Alcohol intoxication in the dance club scene. Substance Use & Misuse , 968–981.
  • • Hupkens, C. L., Knibbe, R. A., & Drop, M. J. (1993). Alcohol consumption in the European Community: Uniformity and diversity in drinking patterns. Addiction , 88 (10), 1391-1404.
  • • Järvinen, M., & Room, R. (2007). Youth drinking cultures: European experiences. Surrey, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
  • • Jellinek, E. (1962). The Disease Concept of Alcoholism. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy , 12 (4), 529-531.
  • • Keane, H. (2009). Intoxication, harm and pleasure: an analysis of the Australian National Alcohol Strategy. Critical Public Health , 19 (2), 135-142.
  • • Kuntsche, E., & Cooper, M. L. (2010). Drinking to have fun and to get drunk: Motives as predictors of weekend drinking over and above usual drinking habits. Drug and alcohol dependence , 110, 259–262.
  • • Leigh, B., & Lee, C. (2008). What motivates extreme drinking? In M. Martinic, & F. Measham, Swimming with crocodiles: The culture of extreme drinking (pp. 53-78). New York: Routledge.
  • • Levine, H. G. (1992). Temperance cultures: Concern about alcohol problems in Nordic and English- speaking cultures. In M. Lader, G. Edwards, & D. C. Drummend (Eds.), The nature of alcohol and drug related problems. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
  • • Lindsay, J., Kelly, P., Harrison, L., Hickey, C., Advocat, J., & Cormack, S. (2009). ‘What a Great Night’: The Cultural Drivers of Drinking Practices among 14-24 Year-Old Australians. PSI: Monash University.
  • • Lolli, G., Serianni, E., & Golder, G. (1958). Alcohol in Italian culture: Food and wine in relation to sobriety among Italians and Italian Americans. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
  • • Measham, F. (2006). The new policy mix: alcohol, harm minimisation and determined drunkenness in contemporary society. International Journal of Drug Policy , 17 (4), 258-268.
  • • Measham, F., & Brain, K. (2005). ‘Binge’ drinking, British alcohol policy and the new culture of intoxication. Crime, Media, Culture , 1 (3), 262-263.
  • • Moscovici, S. (1972). Theory and society in social psychology. In J. Israel, & H. Tajfel, The Context of Social Psychology: A Critical Assessment. London: Academic Press.
  • • Moscovici, S., & Farr, R. M. (1984). European studies in social psychology: Social representations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Munro, G., Gregory, P., & Jones, S. C. (2009). ‘Adolescent and Young Adult Perceptions of Australian Alcohol Advertisements’. Journal of Substance Use , 9 (1), 1-18.
  • • Parker, H., Williams, L., & Aldridge, J. (2002). The normalization of ‘sensible’ recreational drug use: Further evidence from the north west England longitudinal study. Sociology , 36 (4), 941-964.
  • • Read, J. P., Wood, M. D., Kahler, C. W., Maddock, J. E., & Palfai, T. P. (2003). Examining the role of drinking motives in college student alcohol use and problems. Psychology of addictive behaviors , 17, 13-23.
  • • Roche, A. M., Pidd, K., Bywood, P., Duraisingam, V., Steenson, T., Freeman, T., et al. (2008). Drug testing in schools: Evidence, impacts and alternatives. Canberra: Australian National Council on Drugs.
  • • Room, R. (2004). Drinking and coming of age in a cross-cultural perspective. In R. J. Bonnie, & M. E. O’Connor (Eds.), Reducing underage drinking: A collective responsibility (pp. 654-677). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
  • • Sammut, G., Andreouli, E., Gaskell, G., & Valsiner, J. (2015). The Cambridge handbook of social representations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Sammut, G., Tsirogianni, S., & Wagoner, B. (2012, July 29). Representations from the past: Social relations and the devolution of social representations. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science , 493-511.
  • • sedqa. (2006). Alcohol, Tobacco and Drug Use Amongst 18 - 24 Year Olds in Post-Secondary and Tertiary Education. Malta: National Agency Against Drug and Alcohol Abuse.
  • • Smith, & Hanham. (1982). Alcohol Abuse: Geographical Perspectives. Washington D.C.: Association of American Geographers.
  • • Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • • Szmigin, I., Griffin, C., Mistral, W., Bengry-Howell, A., Weale, L., & Hackley, C. (2008). Re-framing ‘binge drinking’ as calculated hedonism: Empirical evidence from the UK. International Journal of Drug Policy , 19 (5), 359-366.
  • • White, H. R., & Jackson, K. (2005). Social and psychological influences on emerging adult drinking behavior. Alcohol Research & Health , 4, 182-190.
  • • Østergaard, J. (2007). Youth, binge drinking and the parents’ paradox. Copenhagen: DK.
  • • Withington, P., Weinberg, D., Herring, J. & Regan, C. (2012) Intoxication and Society. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Marilyn Clark Bu kişi benim

Rebecca Cuschieri Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

APA Clark, M., & Cuschieri, R. (2018). Social Representations of Drunkenness Among Maltese University Students. Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(16), 57-70.

ÖNEMLİ NOT: DERGİMİZ ÖZEL SAYILAR HARİCİNDE HER YILIN NİSAN, AĞUSTOS VE ARALIK AYLARINDA OLMAK ÜZERE YILDA ÜÇ DEFA YAYIMLANMAKTADIR. ADAY ÇALIŞMALAR SAYIYA ÖZEL GÖNDERİLMEMEKTEDİR. DERGİMİZE GÖNDERİLEN MAKALELER DEĞERLENDİRME SÜRECİNİN TAMAMLANMASINI TAKİBEN UYGUN OLAN İLK SAYIDA YAYIMLANMAKTADIR.