Preventive Effect of Edaravone Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Epigastric Island Flaps: An Experimental Study
Öz
Objective Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is tissue damage occurring when blood returns to a tissue after an ischemic phase. Reperfusion initiates a cascade of acute inflammatory processes that end in cell death, tissue malfunction, and necrosis. Edaravone (3-methy-1-pheny1-2-pyrazolin-5-one) is a powerful and unique synthetic radical scavenger. In this research, the effects of edaravone on I/R damage were investigated.
Material and Methods: 16 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were utilized. Eight rats were allocated at random into two groups. Group 1 (the control group) experienced ischemia and reperfusion of an abdominal skin flap for 10 hours without therapy. Group 2 (treatment group) received an intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg/kg edaravone 10 hours prior to ischemia and reperfusion in an abdominal skin flap. Using planimetry, flaps were examined at intervals of 1, 3, 7, and 10 days. Then, flaps were removed for biochemical (measurement of tissue glutathione [GSH], tissue protein, lipid peroxidation [MDA], and nitric oxide [NO] levels) and histopathological (measurement of tissue glutathione [GSH], tissue protein, lipid peroxidation [MDA], and nitric oxide [NO] levels)
Results: We found no significant changes (p > 0.05) between groups 1 and 2 in terms of NO, MDA, GSH, or planimetric analyses. Group 2 had a lower neutrophil count than group 1, however the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Edaravone is a very effective antioxidant. Nevertheless, our research indicates that it may not influence I/R damage in a skin flap model.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- References
- 1. Hinder RA, Stein HJ. Oxygen derived free radicals. Arch Surg. 1991; 126:104e5.
- 2. Kasprzak KS. Oxidative DNA and protein damage in metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2002;32(10):958e67.
- 3. Kim EK, Hong JP. The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on ischemia-reperfusion injury: an experimental study in a rat TRAM flap model. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Dec;120(7):1774e81.
- 4. Yao LH, Jiang YM, Shi J, Toma´s-Barbera´n FA, Datta N, Singanusong R, Chen SS, et al. Flavonoids in food and their health benefits. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2004; 59:113e22.
- 5. Yoshida H, Yanai H, Namiki Y, Fukatsu-Sasaki K, Furutani N, Tada N. Neuroprotective effects of edaravone: a novel free radical scavenger in cerebrovascular injury. CNS Drug Rev. 2006;12(1):9-20.
- 6. Shichinohe H, Kuroda S, Yasuda H, Ishikawa T, Iwai M, Horiuchi M, Iwasaki Y. Neuroprotective effects of the free radical scavenger Edaravone (MCI-186) in mice permanent focal brain ischemia. Brain Res. 2004;1029(2):200-06.
- 7. Zhang N, Komine-Kobayashi M, Tanaka R, Liu M, Mizuno Y, Urabe T. Edaravone reduces early accumulation of oxidative products and sequential inflammatory responses after transient focal ischemia in mice brain. Stroke 2005;36(10):2220-25.
- 8. Group EABIS. Effect of a novel free radical scavenger, edaravone (MCI-186), on acute brain infarction. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study at multicenters. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2003;15(3):222-29.
- 9. C, Marie C, Beley A. Importance of iron location in iron-induced hydroxyl radical Demougeot production by brain slices. Life Sci. 2000; 67:399-410.