Evaluation of Skin Prick Test Results Performed for the Diagnosis of Inhaled Allergens in Konya
Öz
Aims: We aimed to determine the distribution of inhaled allergens by evaluating the results of skin prick tests performed on patients with allergic complaints in Konya.
Methods: The study included 2351 patients aged 2-18 years who underwent skin prick tests for the diagnosis of inhaled allergens at the Selçuk University Medical Faculty Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Outpatient Clinic between June 1, 2022 and May 31, 2023. Demographic characteristics and skin prick test results of 696 patients with sensitivity to at least one inhaled allergen were retrospectively evaluated.
Results: Sensitivity to at least one inhaled allergen was detected in 696 (29.6%) of 2351 patients who underwent skin prick testing for allergic symptoms. The average age of patients with inhaled allergen sensitivity was 10.37 ± 4.14 years. 278 (39.9%) of the patients were girls and 418 (60.1%) were boys. Considering the distribution of inhaled allergens detected by skin prick test, the most frequent allergens were pollen allergens (78.2%), cat epithelium (38.8%) and dog epithelium (33.8%). The most common allergens detected in girls were pollen allergens (77.3%), cat epithelium (38.1%) and house dust mites (37.1%). The most common allergens detected in males were pollen allergens (78.7%), cat epithelium (39.2%) and dog epithelium (34.7%). When allergen sensitivities were evaluated according to gender, sensitivity to house dust mites was more common in girls than in boys. Sensitivity to pollen allergens was most frequently detected in all seasons. Statistically significant differences were detected between house dust mites, pollen allergens, rye, grass mix and cat epithelium sensitivities according to seasons.
Conclusion: Our study shows the distribution of inhaled allergens in Konya province. Therefore, we assume that it can contribute to the implementation of environmental measures that can be taken to protect against allergens and thus to the treatment of patients.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Eigenmann PA, Atanaskovic-Markovic M, O’Bhourihane J, Lack G, Lau S, Matricardi PM, et al. Testing children for allergies: why,how, who and when: an updated statement of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Section on Pediatrics and the EAACI-Clemens von Pirquet Foundation. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2013; 24: 195-209.
- Schoenwetter WF, Dupclay L, Appajosyula S, Botteman MF, Pashos CL. Economic impact and quality-of-life burden of allergic rhinitis. Curr Med Res Opin 2004; 20(3): 305-17.
- Singh AB, Kumar P. Aeroallergens in clinical practice of allergy in India. An overview. Ann Agric Environ Med 2003; 10: 131–6.
- Koca H. Evaluation of prick test results in patients with respiratory tract allergic symptoms in Osmaniye district. İzmir Göğüs Hastalıkları Dergisi 2013; 27(3): 159-164.
- Heinzerling L, Frew AJ, Bindslev-Jensen C, Bonini S, Bousquet J, Bresciani M, et al. Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe-a survey from the GA(2)LEN network. Allergy 2005; 60: 1287-1300.
- Ayvaz A, Baki A, Doğan C. Trabzon atmosferindeki aeroallerjenlerin mevsimsel dağılımı. Astım Allerji İmmünoloji 2008; 6(1): 11-16.
- Blackley C. Hay fever: its causes, treatment and effective prevention; experimental researches. 2nd ed. London: Baillieres, Tindal & Cox; 1880.
- Chiriac AM, Bousquet J, Demoly P. In Vivo Methods for the Study and Diagnosis of Allergy.In: Middleton's Allergy: Principles and Practice Ninth Edition, edited by J. A. Wesley Burks Stephen T. Holgate Robyn E. O’Hehir David H. Broide Leonard B. Bacharier Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey R. Stokes Peebles Elsevier Inc. 2020. p. 1097-1110.
- Başaran AE, Torun NK, Kocacık Uygun DF. Bıngöl A. Distribution of aeroallergens on skin prick tests of atopic children living in the Akdeniz region, Turkey. Asthma Allergy Immunol 2018; 16: 132-7.
- Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann KC, Bresciani M, Burbach G, Darsow U, et al. The skin prick test- European standards. Clin Transl Allergy. 2013; 3(1): 3.