COVID-19’un Hava Yolu ve Pulmoner Vasküler Yapılara Etkisi: BT Tabanlı Morfometrik Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 6, 1102 - 1112, 31.12.2025

Dilek Şahin , Nadire Ünver Doğan , Nazlım Aktuğ Demir , Mustafa Koplay , Zeliha Fazlıoğulları , Şua Sümer , Ahmet Kağan Karabulut , Onur Ural , Esranur Kıratlı

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1651585

https://izlik.org/JA24BT64LX

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 hastalarının toraks BT görüntülerinde trakea, bronşlar ve pulmoner arterin çap ve uzunluklarında meydana gelen morfolojik değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi ve elde edilen bulguların sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen veriler, akciğer tutulum düzeylerine göre hafif, orta ve ağır olarak sınıflandırılmış hasta grupları arasında da analiz edilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada, COVID-19 tanısı ile takip ve tedavi edilen 78 hasta ile 52 sağlıklı kontrol grubunun toraks BT görüntüleri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Trakea ve bronşların çap ve uzunluk ölçümleri ile pulmoner arter çapı ölçüldü. Hastalar BT’de saptanan akciğer tutulum oranlarına göre hafif, orta ve ağır olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Elde edilen ölçümler yaş ve cinsiyet açısından benzer özellikler taşıyan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: COVID-19 hastalarında kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında, cinsiyete ve BT tutulum düzeyine göre trakea ve bronşların çaplarında belirgin bir azalma saptanırken, pulmoner arter çapında artış gözlemlendi. Bu değişikliklerin şiddetinin, akciğer tutulum düzeyine paralel olarak arttığı görüldü.
Sonuçlar: COVID-19 enfeksiyonu, hava yolları ve vasküler yapılarda ölçülebilir morfolojik değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Akciğer BT bulgularının ve pulmoner arter çapının birlikte değerlendirilmesinin, gelecekte yapılacak morfometrik ölçümlere dayalı çalışmaların, mortalite ve morbidite ile ilişkisini ortaya koymada yol gösterici olabileceğini düşünüyoruz. Çalışmamızda elde edilen verilerin COVID- 19 ile ilgili literatüre katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 , Bronş , Trakea , Morfometri , Bilgisayarlı tomografi

Impact of COVID-19 on Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Structures: A CT-Based Morphometric Analysis

https://izlik.org/JA24BT64LX

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the morphological changes in the diameter and length of the trachea, bronchi, and pulmonary artery on chest CT images of COVID-19 patients, and to compare the findings with those of a healthy control group. In addition, the obtained data were analyzed across patient groups classified as mild, moderate, and severe according to the degree of pulmonary involvement.
Methods: In this study, thoracic CT images of 78 patients who were diagnosed with and treated for COVID-19 and 52 healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. Diameter and length measurements of the trachea and bronchi, as well as the diameter of the pulmonary artery, were obtained. Based on the extent of pulmonary involvement observed on CT, the patients were divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe. The measurements obtained were compared with those of a control group matched for age and sex.
Results: In COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group, a marked decrease in tracheal and bronchial diameters was detected according to sex and CT involvement level, while an increase in pulmonary artery diameter was observed. The severity of these changes was found to increase in parallel with the extent of lung involvement.
Conclusions: COVID-19 infection causes measurable morphological changes in the airways and vascular structures. We believe that the combined evaluation of lung CT findings and pulmonary artery diameter may guide future studies based on morphometric measurements in revealing the relationship with mortality and morbidity. We believe that the findings of our study will contribute to the existing literature on COVID-19

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 , Bronchus , Trachea , Morphometry , Computed tomography

Etik Beyan

Funding The authors declare that this work has not received any funding. Conflict of interest The authors of this manuscript declare that no relationships exist with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the study. Informed consent This study is retrospective, so there was no need to receive informed consent.

Kaynakça

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