Automatic Segmentation of the Cerebellum in Healthy Individuals: A volBrain (CERES) Study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 6, 882 - 889, 31.12.2024

Nihal Gürlek Çelik , Mehtap Oktay

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1578822

Öz

ABSTRACT
Aim: We aimed to investigate the total cerebellum volume and the volume of healthy individuals' right and left cerebellum lobes according to age groups and sex.
Methods: 3T T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Images of 200 individuals (100 female, 100 male) of both sexes between the ages of 18-78 were included in our study. Total cerebellum volume and volume results of cerebellum lobules will be calculated from these images with the sub-tab CERES of the volBrain software program.
Results: The total cerebellum volume in our study was found to be 115.41±12.25 cm3 in females and 126.27±14.78 cm3 in males, and the values were statistically significant (p<0.001). The right side lobule I-II, lobule IV, lobule crus II, lobule VIIB, lobule VIIIA and lobule X values of the cerebellum were statistically higher than the left side (p<0.05). On the left side, lobule V, VIIIB and IX values were statistically higher than the right side (p<0.05). When evaluated according to sex, the values of males were statistically higher than females in all parameters except for the total lobule I-II, right lobule I-II, left lobule I-II, right lobule V, total lobule VI and right lobule VI values (p<0.05). According to age groups, except for total lobule I-II, right lobule I-II and left lobule I-II values, all other parameters were statistically lower in the 50-year-old and above group than in the under-50-year-old group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We believe that knowing the total cerebellum volume and volumetric analysis of its lobules in healthy adults will define the disease group and its prognosis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Age, Cerebellum, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sex, volBrain, Volume

Etik Beyan

Approval was received from the Ankara Etlik City Hospital Scientific Research Evaluation and Ethics Committee with the decision number AEŞH-BADEK-2024-770.

Kaynakça

• 1. Singh R. Cerebellum: its anatomy, functions, and diseases. Neurodegenerative Diseases-Molecular Mechanisms and Current Therapeutic Approaches, 2020.
• 2. Arifoğlu Y. Her Yönüyle Nöroanatomi. İstanbul Tıp Kitapevi, İstanbul; 2022.
• 3. Ramnani N. The primate cortico-cerebellar system: anatomy and function. Nat Rev Neurosci 2006;7:511–522.
• 4. Arıncı K, Elhan A. Anatomi 1. cilt, 6.baskı, Güneş kitapevleri, Ankara; 2016.
• 5. Schmahmann JD. The cerebellum and cognition. Neurosci Lett 2019;688:62-75.
• 6. Kansal K, Yang Z, Fishman AM, Sair HI, Ying SH, Jedynak BM, et al. Structural cerebellar correlates of cognitive and motor dysfunctions in cerebellar degeneration. Brain 2017;140:707-720.
• 7. Guell X, Gabrieli JD, Schmahmann JD.Triple representation of language, working memory, social and emotion processing in the cerebellum: convergent evidence from task and seed-based resting-state fMRI analyses in a single large cohort. Neuroimage 2018;172:437-449.
• 8. Tiemeier H, Lenroot RK, Greenstein DK, Tran L, Pierson R, Giedd JN. Cerebellum development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal morphometric MRI study. Neuroimage 2010;1:49(1):63-70.
• 9. Bauer PM, Hanson JL, Pierson RK, Davidson RJ, Pollak SD. Cerebellar volume and cognitive functioning in children who experienced early deprivation. Biol Psychiatry 2009:15;66(12):1100-6.
• 10. Bottmer C, Bachmann S, Pantel J, Essig M, Amann M, Schad LR, et al. Reduced cerebellar volume and neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2005;30;140(3):239-50.
• 11. Özmen G, Akın Saygın D, Uysal İİ, Özşen S, Paksoy Y, Güler Ö. Quantitative evaluation of the cerebellum in patients with depression and healthy adults by VolBrain method. Anatomy 2021;15(3):207-215.
• 12. Parmar K, Fonov VS, Naegelin Y, Amann M, Wuerfel J, Collins DL, et al. Regional Cerebellar Volume Loss Predicts Future Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Cerebellum 2022;21(4):632-646.
• 13. Sahin C, Avnioglu S, Ozen O, Candan B. Analysis of cerebellum with magnetic resonance 3D T1 sequence in individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus. Acta Neurol Belg 2021;121(6):1641-1647.
• 14. de Zeeuw P, Zwart F, Schrama R, van Engeland H, Durston S. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke or alcohol and cerebellum volume in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typical development. Transl Psychiatry 2012:6;2(3):e84.
• 15. Deniz G, Karakurt N, Özcan H, Acer N. Comparison of brain volume measurements in methamphetamine use disorder with healthy individuals using volBrain method. ADYÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Derg 2023;9(3):188-198.
• 16. De Marco FA, Ghizoni E, Kobayashi E, Li LM, Cendes F. Cerebellar volume and long-term use of phenytoin. Seizure 2003;12(5):312-315.
• 17. Luft AR, Skalej M, Schulz JB, Welte D, Kolb R, Bürk K, et al. Patterns of age-related shrinkage in cerebellum and brainstem observed in vivo using three-dimensional MRI volumetry. Cerebr. Cortex 1999;9:712–721.
• 18. Bernard JA, Seidler RD. Relationships between regional cerebellar volume and sensorimotor and cognitive function in young and older adults. Cerebellum 2013;12:721–737.
• 19. Koppelmans V, Hoogendam YY, Hirsiger S, Mérillat S, Jäncke L, Seidler RD. Regional cerebellar volumetric correlates of manual motor and cognitive function. Brain Struct Funct 2017;222:1929–1944.
• 20. Han S, An Y, Carass A, Prince JL, Resnick SM. Longitudinal analysis of regional cerebellum volumes during normal aging. Neuroimage 2020;220:117062.
• 21. Smith CD, Chebrolu H, Wekstein DR, Schmitt FA, Markesbery WR. Age and gender effects on human brain anatomy: a voxel-based morphometric study in healthy elderly. Neurobiol Aging 2007;28(7):1075-87.
• 22. Bergfield KL, Hanson KD, Chen K, Teipel SJ, Hampel H, Rapoport SI, et al. Age-related networks of regional covariance in MRI gray matter: reproducible multivariate patterns in healthy aging. NeuroImage 2010;49:1750–1759.
• 23. Raz N, Gunning-Dixon F, Head D, Williamson A, Acker JD. Age and sex differences in the cerebellum and the ventral pons: a prospective MR study of healthy adults. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22(6):1161-7.
• 24. Hicks TH, Ballard HK, Sang H, Bernard JA. Age-volume associations in cerebellar lobules by sex and reproductive stage. Brain Struct Funct 2022;227(7):2439-2455.
• 25. Chung SC, Lee BY, Tack GR, Lee SY, Eom JS, Sohn JH. Effects of age, gender, and weight on the cerebellar volume of Korean people. Brain Res 2005;3;1042(2):233-235.
• 26. Işıklar S, Demir İ, Özdemir ST, Özpar R. Examination of the Development and Asymmetry of the Cerebellum and Its Lobules in Individuals Aged 1-18 Years: A Retrospective MRI Study. Brain Topogr 2023;36(6):901-925.
• 27. Romero JE, Coupé P, Giraud R, Ta VT, Fonov V, Park MTM, et al. CERES: A new cerebellum lobule segmentation method. Neuroimage 2017;15;147:916-924.
• 28. https://www.volbrain.org/services/CERES
• 29. Escalona PR, McDonald WM, Doraiswamy PM, Boyko OB, Husain MM, Figiel GS, et al. In vivo stereological assessment of human cerebellar volume: effects of gender and age. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1991;12(5):927-9.
• 30. Andersen BB, Gundersen HJ, Pakkenberg B. Aging of the human cerebellum: a stereological study. J Comp Neurol 2003;17;466(3):356-65.
• 31. Yılmaz S, Tokpınar A, Acer N, Değirmencioğlu L, Ateş Ş, Dönmez H, et al. Evaluation of Cerebellar Volume in Adult Turkish Male Individuals: Comparison of three Methods in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Erciyes Med J 2020;42(4):405–10.
• 32. Ozgen MN, Sahin NE, Ertan N, Sahin B. Investigation of total cerebellar and flocculonodular lobe volume in Parkinson's disease and healthy individuals: a brain segmentation study. Neurol Sci 2024;45(9):4291-4298.
• 33. Romero JE, Coupe P, Lanuza E, Catheline G, Manjón JV; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Toward a unified analysis of cerebellum maturation and aging across the entire lifespan: A MRI analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2021;1;42(5):1287-1303.
• 34. Turamanlar O, Kundakci YE, Saritas A, Bilir A, Atay E, Gökaslan CO. Automatic segmentation of the cerebellum using volBrain software in the normal pediatric population. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023;83(4):323-332.
• 35. Hutchinson S, Lee LH, Gaab N, Schlaug G. Cerebellar volume of musicians. Cereb Cortex 2003;13(9):943-9.