HALOFİLİK LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNİN ÜRETTİĞİ HİDROLİTİK ENZİMLER

Öz

Halofilik laktik asit bakterileri (HLAB), tuz konsantrasyonu yüksek olan ortamlarda gelişen mikroorganizmalardır. Bu mikroorganizmaların tuzlu ortamlarda gelişebilmesi biyoteknolojinin çeşitli alanlarında kullanılma potansiyellerini arttırmaktadır. Enzimler endüstrinin hemen her alanında kullanılmaktadır ve genellikle mikroorganizmalardan elde edilmektedir. Mikrobiyel enzimlerin endüstride kullanılmalarının bitkisel veya hayvansal kaynaklı enzimlere göre avantajları vardır. Bunlar; katalitik aktivitelerinin çok yüksek olmaları, istenmeyen yan ürün oluşturmamaları, daha stabil ve ucuz olmaları, fazla miktarda elde edilebilmeleridir. Enzim teknolojisinin giderek gelişmesi, ürünlerin kullanım alanlarının çeşitliliği ve ekonomik değerinin çok yüksek olması nedeniyle biyoteknolojinin endüstriyel enzimler ile ilgili alanında yapılan çeşitli araştırmalar daha da önem kazanmaktadır. HLAB tarafından üretilen enzimler farklı sektörlerde kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu makalede endüstriyel alanda yaygın olarak kullanılan HLAB’tan elde edilen proteaz, amilaz, selülaz, ksilanaz, lipaz gibi enzimler hakkında bilgi verilmiş ve yapılan araştırmalardan örnekler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• halofilik,laktik asit bakterileri,hidrolitik enzim

THE HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCED BY HALOPHILIC LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

Öz

Halophilic lactic acid bacteria (HLAB) are microorganisms that grow in environments with high salt concentration. The survivability of these microorganisms under salty environments increases their usage potential in various fields of biotechnology. Enzymes are used in almost in every field of industry and usually obtained from microorganisms. The use of the microbial enzymes in industrial process has several distinct advantages compared to the plant or animal derived enzymes. These advantages are; high catalytic activity, no formation of undesirable side products, more stability, less production cost and high enzyme production yield. Biotechnological research in the field of industrial enzymes is gaining more importance due to the development of enzyme technology, the diversity in the fields of product usage and high economical value. The enzymes which are produced by HLAB have many application areas in different industrial sectors. In this review article, information about enzymes such as lipases, xylanase, cellulase, amylase and protease obtained from HLAB is provided and the results of research in this area is presented and it has been presented some examples.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Halophilic lactic acid bacteria,hydrolytic enzymes

Kaynakça

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