Analysis of Intermodal and Intramodal Competition in Freight Transport Market between Turkey and Europe

Öz

In this paper, we investigate the degree of competition between alternative ro-ro lines operating between Turkey and Europe (intramodal competition). We also aim to analyze whether the land (road) transport is a significant substitute for the ro-ro transport for the trade between Turkey and Europe (intermodal competition). This paper is a part of the economic analysis which we carried out for defining the relevant market in a case in which the Turkish Competition Authority (TCA) investigated the predatory pricing behavior of UN Ro-Ro İşletmeleri A.Ş. (UN Ro-Ro) in 2012. The analysis consists of two stages: We first estimate price elasticities of demand for ro-ro lines by using a logit demand model with firm-level data. Then, ‘full equilibrium relevant market’ (FERM) test which is a more developed version of the hypothetical monopolist test (HMT) is used in order to run several hypothetical merger simulations for measuring intramodal and intermodal competition. The results show that the relevant market incorporates only seven ro-ro lines, not land transport.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ro-ro market,intermodal competition,intramodal competition,Full Equilibrium Relevant Market (FERM) Test,Demand Estimation

Türkiye ve Avrupa Arası Yük Taşımacılığı Pazarında İntermodal ve İntramodal Rekabet Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ve Avrupa arasında faaliyet gösteren alternative ro-ro hatları arasındaki rekabet derecesi analiz edilmiştir (intramodal rekabet). Ayrıca, Türkiye ve Avrupa arasındaki ticaret bakımından karayolu taşımacılığının ro-ro taşımacılığına ikame olup olmadığı incelenmiştir (intermodal rekabet). Bu çalışma, UN Ro-Ro İşletmeleri A.Ş.’nin (UN Ro-Ro) yıkıcı fiyatlandırma davranışlarına ilişkin olarak 2012 yılında Rekabet Kurumu tarafından yapılan bir soruşturmada ilgili ürün pazarının tanımlanmasına ilişkin olarak yapılan ekonomik analizin bir parçasıdır. Analiz iki aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk aşamada firma düzeyinde veri kullanılarak logit talep modeli yardımıyla ro-ro hatlarının fiyat esneklikleri tahmin edilmiştir.  Daha sonra, varsayımsal tekel testi’nin (hypothetical monopolist test, HMT)  daha gelişmiş bir versiyonu olan ‘full equilibrium relevant market’ (FERM) testi uygulanarak intramodal ve intermodal rekabetin yoğunluğunu ölçmek amacıyla bir dizi varsayımsal yoğunlaşma simülasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar ilgili pazarın yedi ro-ro hattından oluştuğunu, karayolu taşımacılığını içermediğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ro-ro pazarı,intermodal rekabet,intramodal rekabet,Full Equilibrium Relevant Market (FERM) Testi,Talep Tahmini

Kaynakça

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