GÖRSEL ŞİİR: AVAN GART ŞİİRDE BURJUVA ESTETİĞİN YIKIMI

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 2020 Sonbahar Özel Sayı I/I, 93 - 99, 23.10.2020

Murat Göç

Öz

Bazen somut şiir ya da desen şiiri olarak da adlandırılan görsel şiir, en eski şiir türlerinden birisidir. Cizvit desenlerinden kaligrafik Çin metinlerine kadar uzanan tarihsel bir arkaplanda kendine yer bulan görsel şiir şairlere dil ve biçimi eğip bükerek denemeler yapma imkanı sağlamış ve kendilerine ait bir dil oluşturmalarına olanak sağlamıştır. Aynı zamanda, görsel şiir sanatçı ile okuru arasında daha önce eşi görülmemiş, kendiliğinden oluşan ve samimi bir bağ kurulmasına yardımcı olur. Burjuvanın öngördüğü ve dayattığı normların sanatı hayattan koparttığı ve kitleleri özgün sanatın üretim ve tüketim süreçlerine yabancılaştıran bu çağda böyle bir bağın kurulmasının elzem olduğu inkar edilemez. Görsel şiir farklı biçimleri, kalıpları ve dilsel yapıları bir araya getirir, böylelikle şiir tek bir görsel imgeye dönüşür ve okuyucuyu anlamın yaratılması sürecine dahil olmaya zorlar. Bu bağlamda, bu makale görsel şiirin, ve daha geniş bir çerçevede avantgart sanatın, burjuva estetiği normları ve değerlerini nasıl dönüştürdüğü ve ne ölçüde sanatın politik yönünü ve gündelik hayatın pratik yönlerini bir araya getirebildiği Avrupa avantgart akımları ve Amerika’da avantgardın gelişimi açısından değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

avangart sanat, dil, biçim, ideoloji, Görsel şiir

VISUAL POETRY SUBVERSION OF BOURGEOIS AESTHETICS IN AVANTGARDE POETICS

Öz

Visual poetry, sometimes named as concrete poetry or pattern poetry, has been one of the oldest genres in poetry. Ranging from Jesuit and Chinese calligraphic design to modern-avantgarde and contemporary media design, visual poetry inspired poets to experiment with language and form and provided a unique opportunity to create their own language. It also ensured an unprecedented, instant and intimate communication between the artist and the audience in an age when bourgeois ideology separated art from life and alienated the masses to the production and consumption processes of authentic art. Visual poetry assembles forms, frames, and linguistic structures so that the poem itself becomes one single visual sign and urges the reader to engage in the creation of meaning. This study , in this regard, will discuss how visual poetry, and avant-garde art in general, served to radically transform the norms and values of bourgeois aesthetics and to what extent it enabled to reunite politics of art and practicality of everyday life with particular references to European avant-garde as well as American avant-garde

Anahtar Kelimeler

visual poetry, avantgarde art, language, form, ideology

Kaynakça

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