Etil Metansülfonat Tarafından İndüklenen Mutant Patatesin Rhizoctonia solani'ye Karşı Dayanıklılığının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Dünyada ve Türkiye’de patates üretimini sınırlayan, verim ve kalite kaybına neden olan birçok hastalık ve zararlı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan birisi de kök boğazı nekrozu ve siyah kabukluluk hastalığı [Rhizoctonia solani (telemorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris)]’dır. Yapılan bu çalışmada Alanso patates çeşidine ait in vitro bitkilere farklı dozlarda (0, 20mM, 50mM, 75mM, 100mM) ve farklı uygulama zamanlarında (0, 10, 20 dk) kimyasal mutajen etil matansülfonat (EMS) uygulanmıştır. İn vitro koşullarında EMS uygulanmış bitkiler dört kez altkültüre alınmış ve daha sonra bu bitkilere R. solani inokulasyonu yapılmıştır. Uygulamadan 15 gün sonra in-vitro denemelerinde, R. solani inokulasyonu sonrasında bitkilerin canlı kalma oranları belirlenmiş ve canlı kalan bitkilerin yaprak boyları, yeşil yaprak sayısı, bitki boğum sayısı, kök sayısı ve ortalama yaprak boyu belirlenmiş ve negatif kontrol ile karşılaştırılmıştır. En yüksek canlı kalma oranı (%32) 50mM dozunun 10 dk uygulama süresinde, en düşük ise (%10) 75 mM dozunun 20 dk uygulama süresinde belirlenmiştir. Pozitif kontrol bitkilerinde canlı kalma oranı %4 oranında tespit edilmiştir (P≤0.05). En yüksek bitki boyu 50 mM dozunun 20 dakika uygulamasında, en yüksek sayıda bitki kökleri 75 mM dozunun 20 dakika uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. EMS mutajen uygulaması patates bitkilerinde R. solaniye karş ıtoleransı iyileştirmede eykili olmuştur. R. solani'ye karşı bu dirençli mutantlar, daha iyi rekombinantlar üretmek için bir hibridizasyon programında kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Patates
• Rhizoctonia solani
• EMS
• Mutajen
• cv. Alanso
• In vitro

Determination of the Ethyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Resistance in Potato to Rhizoctonia solani Şerife Evrim ARICI1* Aslı KARA1

Öz

There are many pests and diseases that cause yield and quality loss which limits potato production in Turkey and in the world. One of diseases is Rhizoctonia solani (telemorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) which gives rise to black scurf and stem canker of potato. In this experiment, potato cv. Alanso plants were treated with Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) at different concentrations (0, 20mM, 50mM, 75mM, 100mM) and different pre-soaking times (0, 10, 20 min.) under in vitro conditions. EMS treated plants in vitro were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani after four consecutive subcultures. The survival plant rates were established after 15 days. Some plant parameters (plant nodes number, plant size, leaf number etc.) were recorded and plant parameters were compared with the negative control. The highest survival rate of the plants (32%) was determined in the 50 mM EMS for 10 min. application, while the lowest survival rate of the plants (10%) was determined at 75 mM for 20 min. application of EMS. The survival rate of positive control plants determined as 4% (P≤0.05). The highest plant size was determinated at 50 mM dose for 20 minute, the highest number of plant root was determinatedat 75mM dose for 20 minute. The EMS mutagenic applications in potato plants have been effective in improving the tolerance of plants to R. solani. These resistant mutants against R. solani can be used in a hybridization program to produce better recombinants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Patates
• Rhizoctonia solani
• EMS
• Mutajen
• cv. Alanso
• In vitro

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