Effects of Different Leaching Fractions on Growth of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Its Mineral Composition

Abstract

In this study, effects of different leaching fractions on soil salinity and its mineral composition were investigated. Additionally, fresh bean yield and mineral matter accumulation in its leaf shoot and fruit were determined. The experiment conducted in randomized plot design with 4 leaching treatments (LF1= 0.00, LF2= 0.15, LF3= 0.30 and LF4= 0.50) and leaching exhibited with each irrigation throughout the experiment. Saline irrigation water at 2.5 dS m-1 level prepared with CaCl2 and NaCl salts were used to irrigate bean plants. Fresh bean yield increased as leaching fraction increased to 0.30 leaching ratio while soil salinity decreased with increasing leaching fraction. Fresh bean yields for LF1, LF2, LF3 and LF4 were 78.0, 114.9, 141.6 and 127.0 g pot-1, respectively. Soil salinity increased 3.4, 2.0, 1.7 and 1.2 times with respect to irrigation water salinity level for LF1, LF2, LF3 and LF4, respectively. Mg/Ca ratio in saturation paste extract decreased with increasing leaching ratios. Increased leaching ratios caused increases in P content of shoot and fruit and decreases in Ca and Mg content of shoot and decreases in both shoot and fruit of N content.

Keywords

• Leaching fraction, salinity, fresh bean, plant nutrition

Farklı Yıkama Oranlarında Sulama Uygulamalarının Fasulyenin (Phaseolus vulgaris) Gelişimine ve Besin Maddesi İçeriğine Etkisi

Öz

Bu araştırmada her sulamayla birlikte ve farklı oranlarda yıkama yapılması durumunda toprak tuzluluğunda ve mineral madde içeriğinde oluşacak değişimler incelenmiş ve farklı yıkama oranlarının fasulye verimine ve çeşitli organlarındaki mineral madde birikimine etkileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre yürütülen denemede, saksılarda yetiştirilen fasulyeler 4 farklı yıkama oranı (LF1= 0, LF2= 0.15, LF3= 0.30 ve LF4= 0.50) dikkate alınarak sulanmıştır. Sulamalar, 2.5 dS m-1 düzeyinde CaCl2 ve NaCl tuzlarıyla hazırlanmış olan tuzlu suyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toprak tuzluluğu artan yıkama oranıyla birlikte azalma gösterirken, verim de artan yıkamayla birlikte artmış ve LF= 0.30’un üzerindeki yıkamalar için azalma eğilimi göstermiştir. LF1, LF2, LF3 ve LF4 uygulamaları sonucu sırasıyla 78.0, 114.9, 141.6 ve 127.0 g saksı-1 kadar verim alınmıştır. Toprak tuzluluğu sulama suyu tuzluluğuna göre LF1, LF2, LF3 ve LF4 için sırayla 3.4, 2.0, 1.7 ve 1.2 kat artış göstermiştir. Toprak saturasyon çözeltisinde Mg/Ca oranı artan yıkamayla birlikte azalmıştır. Artan yıkama oranı sürgün ve meyvede P içeriğinin artmasına, sürgünlerde Ca ve Mg içeriğinin, sürgün ve meyvede N içeriğinin düşmesine neden olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yıkama oranı, tuzluluk, taze fasulye, bitki besleme

Kaynakça

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