Bebeğe Yönelik Konuşmanın İçeriği: Türk Anneler Duygusal mı, Bilgilendirici mi?

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türk annelerin bebeklerine yönelik konuşmalarında bilgi ağırlıklı (information-salient) ve duygu ağırlıklı (affect-salient) içerik kullanımını incelemekte; anneye ilişkin (yaş, eğitim düzeyi, stres seviyesi, çocuk sayısı) ve bebeğe ilişkin (yaş, cinsiyet, doğum durumu) değişkenlerin bu içerik türleriyle ilişkisini araştırmaktadır. Araştırmaya, 7 ila 19 aylık bebeklere sahip 37 anne katılmıştır. Her anne, bebeğiyle beş dakikalık doğal etkileşimi sırasında ses kaydı almış; bu kayıtlar, annelerin kullandığı bilgi ağırlıklı ve duygu ağırlıklı ifadeler açısından kodlanmıştır. Bulgular, Türk annelerin yönergeler, sorular ve betimlemeler gibi bilgi aktarımına yönelik ifadeleri daha yoğun kullandığını göstermektedir. Duygu ağırlıklı ifadeler ise daha az tercih edilmiş; bu kategori içinde en çok oyun ifadeleri, sevgi sözcükleri ve anlamsız sesler yer almıştır. Bu tür ifadelerin, bağ kurma ve dikkat çekme işlevi gördüğü düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, annenin eğitim düzeyi arttıkça duygu ağırlıklı ifade kullanımının azaldığı; bebeğin yaşının artmasıyla ise bilgi ağırlıklı ifadelere yönelimin arttığı saptanmıştır. Genel olarak, bulgular Türkiye’de ebeveynliğin sıcaklık ve denetimi harmanlayan yapısını yansıtarak, annelerin bilişsel uyarımı duygusal bağlanmayla dengeleme eğilimine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bebeğe yöneltilmiş dil,
• duygu ağırlıklı içerik
• bilgi ağırlıklı içerik

Content of Infant-Directed Speech: Are Turkish Mothers More Affective or Informative?

Öz

This study explores the use of information-salient and affect-salient content in Turkish mothers’ infant-directed speech, investigating maternal (age, education, stress, number of children) and infant-related factors (age, gender, birth status). Thirty-seven mothers recorded five minutes of interactions with their infants, aged 7 to 19 months. Affect-salient and information-salient utterances were coded from the recordings of mother-infant dyads. The findings indicate that Turkish mothers more frequently used information-salient utterances, like directives, questions and reports, emphasizing information transmission. Affect-salient expressions were used less often; within this category, the most common were play utterances, endearments, and non-lexical vocalizations. These types of expressions are thought to serve functions such as fostering connection and capturing the infant’s attention. Furthermore, it was found that as mothers’ education levels increased, the use of affect-salient expressions decreased, whereas with increasing infant age, the use of information-salient expressions increased. Overall, findings reflect Turkey's parenting style of warmth and control, balancing cognitive stimulation with emotional bonding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• infant-directed speech,
• affect-salient content,
• information-salient content,

Kaynakça

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