Harman’ın nesne yönelimli ontolojisini ve mimari nesnenin değişen vaziyetini tartışmak

Öz

Nesne yönelimli ontoloji, bilhassa Harman’ın ontolojisi, 1990lardan beri mimarlığı etkilemektedir. Nesne yönelimli ontoloji sayesinde mimari nesnenin sadece gerçek ya da duyusal bir nesne olmadığı aynı zamanda duyulardan ve ilişkilerden bağımsız olarak var olabildiği fark edilmiştir. Harman’ın nesne yönelimli ontolojisi, nesnenin çevresinden de bağımsız olabildiğini göstermiştir. Bu yüzden nesne yönelimli ontoloji, nesnelerin sanal bir ortamda ve çevresinden bağımsız olarak tasarlandığı bilgisayar destekli mimari tasarımla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ancak nesne yönelimli ontolojiyi tam olarak mimarlığa uyarlamak mümkün değildir; çünkü mimari nesneler genellikle biçimsel ve çevresel ilişkilere sahiptir. Yani, bu ontoloji, mimarlığı metaforik olarak etkilemektedir; öyle ki, mimarlar nesneleri sahip oldukları ilişkilerin ötesine geçebilen varlıklar olarak görebilmiştir. Böylece nesnenin kendisine odaklanabilmişlerdir. Dijital teknolojiler ise mimarların ilişkilerden değil bilgiden oluşan mimari nesneler yaratabilmesine aracılık etmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak, 2000li yılların mimarlığında ilişkiden bilgiye doğru yaşanan bir değişim gerçekleşmiştir. Makalenin mimarlık literatürüne olan en önemli katkısı çağdaş mimarlıkta gerçekleşen bu değişimi ve içinde bulunduğumuz dijital çağda nesnenin bilgiyle olan ilişkisini ortaya koymasıdır. Burada bahsedilen, mimarlar için yeni bir ontolojik çerçeve tanımlayan özerk ve bilgi yönelimli nesnedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mimari Nesne
• Dijital Nesne
• Graham Harman
• Nesne Yönelimli Ontoloji

Discussing the object-oriented ontology of Harman and the changing status of architectural object

Abstract

Object-oriented ontology, particularly the object-oriented ontology of Harman, affects architecture since the 1990s. It is realized due to this ontology that architectural object cannot only be a real or sensual object; it can be withdrawn from senses and relations. According to Harman’s object-oriented ontology, it is even independent from its environment. Hence object-oriented ontology is related to computer architecture by which objects are independently created within a computational and virtual environment. But it is not possible to literally adapt object-oriented ontology to architecture since architectural objects are generally bound up with formal and environmental relations. This ontology metaphorically affects architecture in such a way that architects see and realize object as an entity beyond its relations. Thus, they focus on the object itself. Digital technologies enable them to create architectural object composed of information not relation. There is accordingly a shift from relation to information in the architecture of the 2000s. The main contribution of the paper is to reveal this shift in contemporary architecture; so, it is discussed in the paper that object does not relate to anything but information in the digital age. It is the autonomous and information-oriented object that defines a new ontological framework for architects.

Keywords

• Architectural object
• Digital object
• Garaham Harman
• Object-oriented ontology

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