Pruitt-Igoe Efsanesi filminde (2011) dolaşık Mimarlık ve Mülksüzleştirilme Tarihleri

Öz

Bu makale, belgesel filmin konut ve mülksüzleştirme arasındaki karmaşık ilişkilerin tarihçesine nasıl katkıda bulunup aracılık edebileceğini ele alır. Bu amaçla Chad Freidrichs'in 2011 yapımı Pruitt-Igoe bina kompleksinin Afro-Amerikalı sakinlerinin hikayelerini merkeze alan belgesel filmi Pruitt-Igoe Efsanesi'ne odaklanır. Bilindiği gibi, bu konut kompleksinin yıkılmasına ilişkin medya görüntüleri ve ilk bilimsel açıklamalar, büyük ölçüde modernist mimariye karşı tepkilerin simgesi haline gelmiştir. Konu hakkındaki sonraki literatürün çoğunluğu ise, konuyu yalnızca mimariye odaklanmaktan uzaklaştırırken, bu karmaşık düğümün sadece bir veya iki yönünü öne çıkardı ve kompleksin sakinlerine aktif özneler yerine pasif kurbanlar olarak yaklaştı. Bu bakımdan, Pruitt-Igoe Efsanesi, yalnızca popüler ve medyatik temsiller arasında değil, aynı zamanda bina kompleksine ilişkin kapsamlı bilimsel çalışmalar içinde de benzersiz bir örnek oluşturmaktadır. Makale, bina kompleksinde ortaya çıkan yaşamlara ilişkin belgelerin yanı sıra ilk elden anlatımları merkeze alan bu belgeselin, yapısal ırkçılık, mülksüzleştirme ve yapılı çevre arasındaki karmaşık kesişimleri merkeze alan daha açık bir mimari tarih yazımı tarzı sunduğunu ileri sürer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Belgesel
• Mimarlık tarihi
• Mülksüzleştirilme
• Pruitt-Igoe

Entangled histories of Architecture and Dispossession in The Pruitt-Igoe Myth (2011)

Abstract

This paper addresses how documentary film may attend to, mediate, and negotiate the histories of the entanglement between housing and dispossession. For this purpose, it focuses on Chad Freidrichs’ 2011 documentary film The Pruitt-Igoe Myth that centers the accounts of Pruitt-Igoe’s African American residents. As it is well-known, the media images as well as the initial scholarly accounts of the demolishment of the housing complex have largely served as an icon of reactions against modernist architecture. The majority of later accounts, while steering the conversation away from a sole focus on architecture, singled out one or two aspects of this intricate tangle and approached the residents of the complex as passive victims rather than active agents. Here, The Pruitt-Igoe Myth constitutes a unique case not only within the popularized and highly mediatized conceptions of but also the extensive sholarship on the building complex. The paper argues that, in its centering of the first-hand accounts as well as documents of lives that unfolded in the building complex, this documentary offers us a more open mode of architectural historiography that centers the complex intersections of structural racism, dispossession, and built environment.

Keywords

• Architectural historiography
• Disposession
• Documentary
• Pruitt- Igoe

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