Araştırma Makalesi

Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms

Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 13 Temmuz 2019
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Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms

Öz

In order to modernize and secularize its traditional institutions, the Ottoman government embarked on a western-inspired reform process –Tanzimat- that started in the 18th century at administrative and military areas and continued throughout the 19th century in a variety of fields. The modernization of the cities was one of the major concerns of Tanzimat reforms that affected the traditional spatial characteristics of Ottoman cities from the 19th century. Bursa, which had continued its importance for centuries as a religious, cultural and commercial center in Ottoman geography, became the focus of Tanzimat’s modernization reforms, after 1840’s. The earliest impacts of these reforms were seen as industrial changes leading to new factory districts around traditional commercial center of the city. This transformation process was followed by the opening of new arteries, formation of new residential quarters and the emergence of new building types around this center that altered the traditional urban fabric of Bursa in the second half of the 19th century. Within this context, this paper aims to reveal the spatial continuities and transformations in the 19th century urban fabric of Bursa by means of comparing the spatial elements and urban relations before and after the implementations of Tanzimat reforms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Aktüre, S. (1978), 19.Yüzyıl Sonunda Anadolu Kenti Mekansal Yapı Çözümlemesi, Ankara: ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Yayınları.
  2. Baykal, K. (1950), Bursa ve Anıtları, Bursa Ayhan Matbaası.
  3. Baykal, K. (1976), 2000 Yıllık Bursa’nın Belediyesi, Bursa, Özkardeşler Matbaası.
  4. Bursa Ansiklopedisi (1984), Bursa Hakimiyet Kültür Hizmetleri Serisi, vol.2.
  5. Çelik, Z. (1986), The Remaking of Istanbul. Portrait of an Ottoman City in the 19th Century, Seattle and London: University of Washington Press.
  6. Denel, S. (1982), Batılılaşma Sürecinde Istanbul’da Tasarım ve Dış Mekanlarda Değişim ve Nedenleri, Ankara, ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Yayınları.
  7. Dostoğlu, N.T.; Oral, E.Ö. (1999), “The Physical Transformation of the Ottoman Capital of Bursa from Tanzimat to Republic”, in N.Akın, A.Batur, S.Batur (eds.) 7 Centuries of Ottoman Architecture “A Supra-National Heritage”, İstanbul Yapı-Endüstri Merkezi Publications, pp. 234-243.
  8. Erder, L.T. (1976) The Making of Industrial Bursa: Economic Activity and Population in a Turkish City 1835-1975, Ph.D Dissertation, Princeton University.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Mimarlık

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

13 Temmuz 2019

Gönderilme Tarihi

9 Nisan 2019

Kabul Tarihi

12 Temmuz 2019

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Türkoğlu Önge, S. (2019). Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal, 2(2), 77-100. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.551427
AMA
1.Türkoğlu Önge S. Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms. GRID. 2019;2(2):77-100. doi:10.37246/grid.551427
Chicago
Türkoğlu Önge, Sinem. 2019. “Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms”. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal 2 (2): 77-100. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.551427.
EndNote
Türkoğlu Önge S (01 Temmuz 2019) Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal 2 2 77–100.
IEEE
[1]S. Türkoğlu Önge, “Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms”, GRID, c. 2, sy 2, ss. 77–100, Tem. 2019, doi: 10.37246/grid.551427.
ISNAD
Türkoğlu Önge, Sinem. “Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms”. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal 2/2 (01 Temmuz 2019): 77-100. https://doi.org/10.37246/grid.551427.
JAMA
1.Türkoğlu Önge S. Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms. GRID. 2019;2:77–100.
MLA
Türkoğlu Önge, Sinem. “Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms”. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal, c. 2, sy 2, Temmuz 2019, ss. 77-100, doi:10.37246/grid.551427.
Vancouver
1.Sinem Türkoğlu Önge. Urban Transformation of a 19th Century Ottoman City: Bursa under the Impacts of Tanzimat Reforms. GRID. 01 Temmuz 2019;2(2):77-100. doi:10.37246/grid.551427