Kronik Hastalık Patogeneziyle İlişkili Mikro RNA’ların Fenolik Bileşikler Aracılığıyla Modülasyonu

Öz

Fenolik bileşikler, antioksidan aktivitesiyle öne çıkan bitkisel kaynaklı biyoaktif bileşiklerdir. Bu bileşiklerin metabolizmada antiinflamatuvar, antikanserojen, antimikrobiyal pek çok sağlık yararı olduğu ve obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, çeşitli kanser türlerine karşı koruyucu etki gösterdiği belirtilmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar fenolik bileşiklerin, özellikle de reveratrol, kurkumin ve yeşil çay kateşinlerinin kronik hastalıklara karşı koruyucu etkilerinde mikro RNA (miRNA) modülasyonunun da önemli rolü olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu fenolik bileşiklerden resveratrolün özellikle insülin sekresyonunun düzenlenmesi, inflamatuvar süreçlerin baskılanması, kanser hücrelerinin proliferasyonunun önlenmesinde rol oynayan miRNA’ların (miR-375, miR-126, miR-132, miR-130b, miR-221, miR181b, miR-542, miR-150) ekspresyonlarının artmasında etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kurkuminle ilgili araştırmalar genellikle in vitro tasarımdadır ve kurkumin analoglarının çeşitli kanser hücrelerindeki tümör baskılayıcı miRNA’ların (Let-7, miR-26a, miR-101, miR-146a, miR-200, miR-28, miR-139, miR-149) ekspresyonunu artıcı ve onkojenik miRNA’ların (miR-21, miR-155) ekspresyonlarını baskılayıcı etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır. Yeşil çay kateşinlerinin ise (özellikle EGCG) lipogenez, adipogenez, karsinojenez ve inflamasyonla ilişkilil miRNA’ların ekspresyonunu (miR-335, miR-34a, miR-16 aşağı regülasyonu; miR-194, let-7a, miR-145, miR-210 yukarı regülasyonu) etkilediği görülmüştür. Tüm bu sonuçlarresveratrol, kurkumin ve yeşil çay kateşinlerinin miRNA modülasyonundaki rolleri aracılığıyla obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve kanser gibi çeşitli kronik hastalıklara karşı koruyucu etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Polifenoller
• epigenetik
• nutrigenomik
• bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar

Phenolic Compounds Mediated Modulation of Chronic Disease Pathogenesis-Related Micro RNAs

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are plant-derived bioactive compounds that stand out with their antioxidant activity. It is reported that these compounds have many health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antimicrobial and protective effects against obesity, cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancer. Recent studies have shown that micro RNA (miRNA) modulation plays an important role in the protective effects of phenolic compounds, especially resveratrol, curcumin and green tea catechins against chronic diseases. Among these phenolic compounds, resveratrol has been found to be effective in increasing the expression of miRNAs (miR-375, miR-126, miR-132, miR-130b, miR-221, miR181b, miR-542, miR-150) that play a role in the regulation of insulin secretion, suppression of inflammatory pathways and prevention of cancer cell proliferation. Studies on curcumin are generally in vitro in design and reveal the effects of curcumin analogs on increasing the expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs (Let-7, miR-26a, miR-101, miR-146a, miR-200, miR-28, miR-139, miR-149) and suppressing the expression of oncogenic miRNAs (miR-21, miR-155) in different types of cancer cells. Green tea catechins influence the expression of miRNAs involved in lipogenesis, adipogenesis, carcinogenesis and inflammation (miR-335, miR-34a, miR-16 down-regulation; miR-194, let-7a, miR-145, miR-210 up-regulation). All these results reveal the protective effects of resveratrol, curcumin and green tea catechins against various chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer through their roles in miRNA modulation.

Keywords

• Polyphenols
• epigenetics
• nutrigenomics
• noncommunicable diseases

Kaynakça

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