PLANNING OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCHES: RESEARCH QUESTIONS, SAMPLES, VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to examine the planning process of qualitative researches in detail. In this review study, research questions in the planning process, sample selection, validity and reliability issues are explained by exemplifying researches in health sciences. In the study, it was stated how research questions should be. At the sample selection point, maximum variation sampling, homogeneous sampling, snowball sampling, convenience sampling, extreme or deviant case sampling, typical case sampling typical case sampling, critical case sampling, criterion sampling, quota sampling and theoretical sampling methods have been investigated. It has been emphasized what should be taken into account at the point of providing validity and reliability. As a result, when the national literature is examined, it is seen that studies carried out for this purpose in the field of health are very few. It is thought that this study made for this reason will contribute to the literature.

Keywords

• Qualitative Research
• Health Sciences
• Research Questions
• Sampling
• Validity and Reliability

NİTELİKSEL ARAŞTIRMALARIN PLANLANMASI: ARAŞTIRMA SORULARI, ÖRNEKLEM SEÇİMİ, GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK

Öz

Bu çalışmada niteliksel araştırmaların planlanma sürecinin detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Derleme niteliği taşıyan bu çalışmada planlama sürecinde yer alan araştırma soruları, örneklem seçimi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik konuları sağlık bilimlerinde yapılan araştırmalar ile örneklendirilerek açıklanmıştır. Çalışmada araştırma sorularının nasıl olması gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Örneklem seçimi noktasında maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme, benzeşik örnekleme, kartopu örnekleme, kolayda örnekleme, aşırı/aykırı durum örnekleme, tipik durum örnekleme, kritik durumlar örnekleme, ölçüt örnekleme, kota örnekleme ve teorik örnekleme yöntemleri incelenmiştir. Geçerlik ve güvenirliğin sağlanması noktasında nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ulusal literatür incelendiğinde sağlık alanında bu amaçla yapılmış çalışmaların çok az olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sebeple yapılan bu çalışmanın literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmüştür.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Niteliksel Araştırmalar
• Sağlık Bilimleri
• Araştırma Soruları
• Örneklem
• Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik

Kaynakça

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