Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 39 - 53, 22.11.2017
Öz
Bu
çalışma, cinsel istismar olgusunu, ekolojik sistem yaklaşımının bir katmanı
olan mikro sistem içinde, çocukların ve annelerin gözünden anlamak ve analiz
etmek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Bu analiz, çocukların gelişimsel, kişilik ve
davranış özelliklerini, aile özelliklerini kapsayacak şekilde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çocuğun bireysel özellikleri, ebeveynler, kardeşler,
akrabalar ve öğretmenlerle ilişki ve etkileşimi, ailenin özellikleri hem risk
faktörü olarak hem de istismarı açıklayabilmede ve sorunla baş edebilmede
önemlidir. Bu nedenlerle çocuğa yönelik
cinsel istismar olgusunun çok yönlü analizi ekolojik sistem yaklaşımı temel
alınarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; çocuktaki zihinsel
yetersizlik, ergenlik dönemine ilişkin sorunların cinsel istismara uğramada
risk faktörü oluşturabildiği; cinsel istismardan sonra ise özkıyım, bazı
becerilerde gerileme gibi davranışlar görülebileceği ve bu davranışların
gelişim dönemlerine uygun olduğu; mikro sistemde cinsel istismarın ortaya
çıkmasında en etkili ve en önemli kişinin anne; ikinci önemli kişinin ise
öğretmen olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Mikro sistem düzeyindeki sosyal hizmet
müdahalesi bu sorunlara yönelik koruma yaklaşımı, problem çözme yaklaşımı,
terapötik yaklaşım, güçlendirme yaklaşımı, sosyal hizmet uzmanının eğitimci,
danışmanlık işlevleri ile adli sosyal hizmet, okul sosyal hizmeti
uygulamalarını içermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cinsel istismar ekolojik sistem yaklaşımı çocuk aile sosyal hizmet
Kaynakça
- 1. Sedlak AJ, Broadhurst DD. Third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1996. 2. Belsky J, Straton P. An ecological analysis of the etiology of child maltreatment. In Browne K, Hanks H, Stratton P, Hamilton C. (Eds.), Early prediction and prevention of child abuse. A Handbook, England: John Wiley and Sons. 2000. 3. Garbarino J, Kostelny K. Child maltreatment as a community problem. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1992; 16(4), 455-464. 4. Spencer N, Devereux E, Wallace A, Sundrum R, Shenoy M, Bacchus C. Logan S. Disabling conditions and registration for child abuse and neglect: a population-based study. Pediatrics, 2005; 116(3), 609-613. 5. Veenema TG, Thornton CP, Corley A. The public health crisis of child sexual abuse in low and middle income countries: An integrative review of the literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 2015; 52(4), 864-881. 6. Black DA, Heyman RE, Slep AMS. Risk factors for child sexual abuse. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2001; 6(2), 203-229. 7. Walsh C, MacMillan HL, Jamieson E. The relationship between parental substance abuse and child maltreatment: Findings from the Ontario Health Supplement. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2003; 27(12), 1409-1425. 8. Polat O. Çocuk ve şiddet. 1.Baskı, İstanbul: Der Yayınları.2001 9. Berger LM. Income, family characteristics, and physical violence toward children. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2005; 29(2), 107-133. 10. Paine ML, Hansen DJ. Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse. Clinical Psychology Review, 2002; 22(2), 271-295. 11. DeVoe E, Faller K. The characteristics of disclosure among children who may have been sexually abused. Child Maltreatment, 1999; 3(4), 217-227. 12. Keser İ. Çocuk Cinsel istismarı Diyarbakır Örneği, 1. Baskı; Ankara, Karahan Kitabevi. 2011 13. Elliott AN, Carnes CN. Reactions of no offending parents to the sexual abuse of their child: A review of the literature. Child Maltreatment, 2001; 6(4), 314-331. 14. Cry M, Wright J, Toupin J, Martinez-Oxman J, Theriault C. Predictors of maternal support: The point of view of adolescent victims of sexual abuse and their mothers. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2003; (12)1, 39-65. 15. Rubien R. Disclosure of incest: The effect on the lives of adult female survivors. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B, The Sciences and Engineering, 1996; (56), 5781. 16. Teater B. An introduction to applying social work theories and methods. Ed. Karatay, A., 2nd Edition, UK: McGraw-Hill Education Open University Press. 2014. 17. DeVylder J. An Ecological Systems Perspective on the Clinical High Risk State Preceding Schizophrenia Onset, Social Work in Mental Health, 2012; 10:6, 478-495, DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2012.708018 18. Creswell JW. Five qualitative approaches to inquiry. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.2007. 19. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 8. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.2013. 20. Jones L, Bellis MA, Wood S, Hughes K, McCoy E, Eckley L, Officer A. Prevalence and risk of violence against children with disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. The Lancet, 2012; 380(9845), 899-907. 21. Murray LK, Nguyen A, Cohen JA. Child sexual abuse. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2014; 23(2), 321–337. 22. Gökler B. Çocuklukta ruhsal ve sosyal gelişim. Çocuğa yönelik şiddet ve çocuğun korunması. Ed. Dağlı E, Çocuk Koruma Merkezlerini Destekleme Derneği Yayını, Birinci Baskı, İstanbul, 17-23, 2015 23. Finkelhor D. (1993). Epidemiological factors in the clinical identification of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1993; 17(1), 67–70. 24. Edwards JJ, Alexander PC. The contribution of family background to the long term adjustment of women sexually abused as children. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1992; 7, 306–320. 25. Ramírez C, Pinzón-Rondón AM,Botero JC. Contextual predictive factors of child sexual abuse: The role of parent-child interaction. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2011; 35(12), 1022-1031. 26. Bowen K. Child abuse and domestic violence in families of children seen for suspected sexual abuse. Clinical Pediatrics, 2000; 29 (1), 33-40. 27. Rind B, Tromovitch PA. A meta analytic review of findings from national samples on psychological correlates of child sexual abuse. Journal of Sex Research, 1997; 34, 237-255. 28. Özen NE, Şener Ş. Çocuk ve ergende cinsel istismar. Ege Psikiyatri Sürekli Yayınları, 1997; 2(4), 473-493. 29. Hedin LW. Physical and sexual abuse against women and children. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2000; 12(5), 349-355. 30. Green A. Child sexual abuse and incest. Ed. Lewis, M., Child and adolescent psychiatry. A comprehensive textbook. 2nd Edition, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. 1996. 31. London K, Brunch M, Ceci SJ, Shuman DV. Disclosure of child sexual abuse: What the research tell us about the ways that children tell. Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 2005; 11 (1), 194-226. 32. Donalek JG. First incest disclosure. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2001; 22, 573-591. 33. Goodman-Brown T, Edelstein RS, Goodman G, Jones DPH. Why children tell: A model of children’s disclosure of sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2003; 27(5), 525-540. 34. Lamb S, Edgar-Smith S. Aspects of disclosure. Mediators of outcome of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1994; 9 (7), 307-326. 35. Drum RD, Pittman S, Perry S. Social work interventions in refugee camps. Journal of Social Service Research, 2004; 30(2), 67-92.
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 39 - 53, 22.11.2017
Öz
Kaynakça
- 1. Sedlak AJ, Broadhurst DD. Third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1996. 2. Belsky J, Straton P. An ecological analysis of the etiology of child maltreatment. In Browne K, Hanks H, Stratton P, Hamilton C. (Eds.), Early prediction and prevention of child abuse. A Handbook, England: John Wiley and Sons. 2000. 3. Garbarino J, Kostelny K. Child maltreatment as a community problem. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1992; 16(4), 455-464. 4. Spencer N, Devereux E, Wallace A, Sundrum R, Shenoy M, Bacchus C. Logan S. Disabling conditions and registration for child abuse and neglect: a population-based study. Pediatrics, 2005; 116(3), 609-613. 5. Veenema TG, Thornton CP, Corley A. The public health crisis of child sexual abuse in low and middle income countries: An integrative review of the literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 2015; 52(4), 864-881. 6. Black DA, Heyman RE, Slep AMS. Risk factors for child sexual abuse. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2001; 6(2), 203-229. 7. Walsh C, MacMillan HL, Jamieson E. The relationship between parental substance abuse and child maltreatment: Findings from the Ontario Health Supplement. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2003; 27(12), 1409-1425. 8. Polat O. Çocuk ve şiddet. 1.Baskı, İstanbul: Der Yayınları.2001 9. Berger LM. Income, family characteristics, and physical violence toward children. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2005; 29(2), 107-133. 10. Paine ML, Hansen DJ. Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse. Clinical Psychology Review, 2002; 22(2), 271-295. 11. DeVoe E, Faller K. The characteristics of disclosure among children who may have been sexually abused. Child Maltreatment, 1999; 3(4), 217-227. 12. Keser İ. Çocuk Cinsel istismarı Diyarbakır Örneği, 1. Baskı; Ankara, Karahan Kitabevi. 2011 13. Elliott AN, Carnes CN. Reactions of no offending parents to the sexual abuse of their child: A review of the literature. Child Maltreatment, 2001; 6(4), 314-331. 14. Cry M, Wright J, Toupin J, Martinez-Oxman J, Theriault C. Predictors of maternal support: The point of view of adolescent victims of sexual abuse and their mothers. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2003; (12)1, 39-65. 15. Rubien R. Disclosure of incest: The effect on the lives of adult female survivors. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B, The Sciences and Engineering, 1996; (56), 5781. 16. Teater B. An introduction to applying social work theories and methods. Ed. Karatay, A., 2nd Edition, UK: McGraw-Hill Education Open University Press. 2014. 17. DeVylder J. An Ecological Systems Perspective on the Clinical High Risk State Preceding Schizophrenia Onset, Social Work in Mental Health, 2012; 10:6, 478-495, DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2012.708018 18. Creswell JW. Five qualitative approaches to inquiry. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.2007. 19. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 8. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.2013. 20. Jones L, Bellis MA, Wood S, Hughes K, McCoy E, Eckley L, Officer A. Prevalence and risk of violence against children with disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. The Lancet, 2012; 380(9845), 899-907. 21. Murray LK, Nguyen A, Cohen JA. Child sexual abuse. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2014; 23(2), 321–337. 22. Gökler B. Çocuklukta ruhsal ve sosyal gelişim. Çocuğa yönelik şiddet ve çocuğun korunması. Ed. Dağlı E, Çocuk Koruma Merkezlerini Destekleme Derneği Yayını, Birinci Baskı, İstanbul, 17-23, 2015 23. Finkelhor D. (1993). Epidemiological factors in the clinical identification of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1993; 17(1), 67–70. 24. Edwards JJ, Alexander PC. The contribution of family background to the long term adjustment of women sexually abused as children. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1992; 7, 306–320. 25. Ramírez C, Pinzón-Rondón AM,Botero JC. Contextual predictive factors of child sexual abuse: The role of parent-child interaction. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2011; 35(12), 1022-1031. 26. Bowen K. Child abuse and domestic violence in families of children seen for suspected sexual abuse. Clinical Pediatrics, 2000; 29 (1), 33-40. 27. Rind B, Tromovitch PA. A meta analytic review of findings from national samples on psychological correlates of child sexual abuse. Journal of Sex Research, 1997; 34, 237-255. 28. Özen NE, Şener Ş. Çocuk ve ergende cinsel istismar. Ege Psikiyatri Sürekli Yayınları, 1997; 2(4), 473-493. 29. Hedin LW. Physical and sexual abuse against women and children. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2000; 12(5), 349-355. 30. Green A. Child sexual abuse and incest. Ed. Lewis, M., Child and adolescent psychiatry. A comprehensive textbook. 2nd Edition, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. 1996. 31. London K, Brunch M, Ceci SJ, Shuman DV. Disclosure of child sexual abuse: What the research tell us about the ways that children tell. Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 2005; 11 (1), 194-226. 32. Donalek JG. First incest disclosure. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2001; 22, 573-591. 33. Goodman-Brown T, Edelstein RS, Goodman G, Jones DPH. Why children tell: A model of children’s disclosure of sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2003; 27(5), 525-540. 34. Lamb S, Edgar-Smith S. Aspects of disclosure. Mediators of outcome of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1994; 9 (7), 307-326. 35. Drum RD, Pittman S, Perry S. Social work interventions in refugee camps. Journal of Social Service Research, 2004; 30(2), 67-92.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 22 Kasım 2017 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 20 Ekim 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 14 Kasım 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 |
