TÜRKİYE’DEKİ GİRİŞİMCİLİK EĞİLİMLERİ İLE KÜLTÜR ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 99 - 116, 01.12.2016

Kurtuluş Yılmaz Genç

Öz

Bu çalışmada, toplumlar düzeyinde, girişimcilik eğilimleri ile kültür arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Eser, Hofstede 1980 tarafından belirlenen kültürel boyutların tekrar değerllendirilmesini de içermektedir. Buna göre, özellikle, girişimcilikle, bireyciliktoplumculuk, güç mesafesi, belirsizlikten kaçınma ve erillik-dişillik kavramları arasındaki ilişki üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışma, 266 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşan bir örneklem üzerinde gerçekleştirilen bir alan araştırmasıyla kuramsal önermelerin Türkiye’de test edilmesini de içermektedir. Buna göre alan araştırması sonuçları, Türkiye gibi dayanışmanın, güç mesafesinin ve belirsizlikten kaçınmanın yüksek olduğu, yine, orta derecede bir dişil kültüre sahip bir ülkede, bir girişimciden beklenen başlıca özelliklerin kendine güven, risk alabilme, liderlik, yenilikçilik ve paydaşlara karşı sorumlu hareket etme olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Buna ek olarak, bir girişimciden beklenen özelliklere ilişkin tercihlerin katılımcıların yaşı, cinsiyeti, gündüz ya da gece öğrencisi olmaları, kaçıncı sınıfta okudukları, üniversite öncesi yaşadıkları şehir ya da ailelerinin gelir düzeyi gibi etkenlerle ilişkili olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan, söz konusu tercihler, aile bir girişimcinin olması ile ilişkilidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, Girişimcilik, Kültür, Öğrenciler.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL TENDENCIES AND CULTURE: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY

Öz

This study includes an investigation on the relationship between entrepreneurial tendencies and cultures of nations. This paper also includes, the reevaluation of the cultural dimensions, which were identified by Hofstede 1980 . Thus, the relationship between entrepreneurial tendencies and the concepts of individualismcollectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity and femininity are the mainly focused and examined. This study also includes an field research on a sample of 266 students to test the relationships mainly mentioned above. The findings showed that, self confidence, risk taking, leadership, innovativeness, and responsibility to stakeholders are the most mentioned entrepreneurial characteristics by the sample; as a group in Turkey which has a culture of high levels of collectivism, high power distance, high uncertainty avoidance, and relatively moderate femininity. Moreover, it was also achieved that, the preferences about the entrepreneur characteristics do not change according to the gender, education type, year at the university, income levels of participant’s families, age, or city they lived before university education. On the other hand, preferences are found to be related with the existence of an entrepreneur in the family

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, Entrepreneurship, Culture, Students.

Kaynakça

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