LOD Concepts in BIM Guidelines: A Global Review of Design Process Staging

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4, 627 - 649, 30.12.2025

Hilal Dever , Ömer Şükrü Deniz

Öz

The design process is a dynamic structure where communication is at the forefront, beginning with problem definition and encompassing actions aimed at generating solutions. Since this dynamic structure can lead to uncertainties during the process, the staging approach has gained importance to increase the manageability of the process. The integration of Building Information Modeling into design processes has ensured the active participation of project stakeholders and allowed the process to have a more systematic structure. In this direction, various Building Information Modeling guides and design process staging concepts have been developed in different countries. Due to a lack of standardization, the multiplicity and diversity of these concepts have, nevertheless, resulted in conflicts and variations in practical interpretation. Using the content analysis method, this study examines 49 Building Information Modeling and/or design process staging guides produced between 2005 and 2020 in order to identify the similarities and variations between the guides as well as the descriptive and functional aspects of the relevant concepts. The findings show that the most frequently used concept is “Level of Development,” and the modeling level is mostly defined at the building element level. In conclusion, this study systematically presents the current trends of design process staging concepts on a global scale and aims to provide a conceptual and methodological basis for guidelines to be developed in Turkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

LOD , Building Information Modeling , BIM , Design Process Staging Concepts , BIM Guides , Level of Development

YBM Kılavuzlarında LOD Kavramları: Tasarım Süreci Aşamalandırmasının Küresel Bir İncelemesi

Öz

Tasarım süreci, problemin tanımlanmasıyla başlayan ve çözümler üretmeye yönelik eylemleri kapsayan, iletişimin ön planda olduğu dinamik bir yapıdır. Bu dinamik yapı sürecin ilerleyişinde belirsizliklere yol açabileceğinden, sürecin daha yönetilebilir hale gelmesi için aşamalandırma yaklaşımı önem kazanmıştır. Tasarım süreçlerine Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi’nin entegre edilmesi, proje paydaşlarının sürece etkin katılımını sağlamış ve sürece daha sistematik bir yapı kazandırmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, farklı ülkelerde çeşitli YBM kılavuzları ve tasarım süreci aşamalandırma kavramları geliştirilmiştir. Ancak standartlaşma eksikliği nedeniyle bu kavramların çokluğu ve çeşitliliği, uygulamadaki yorum farklılıklarına ve uyuşmazlıklara yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2005 ile 2020 yılları arasında üretilmiş 49 YBM ve/veya tasarım süreci aşamalandırma kılavuzunu içerik analizi yöntemiyle inceleyerek kılavuzlar arasındaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları, ayrıca ilgili kavramların tanımlayıcı ve işlevsel yönlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, en sık kullanılan kavramın “Gelişim Düzeyi” olduğunu ve modelleme düzeyinin çoğunlukla yapı elemanı seviyesinde tanımlandığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma tasarım süreci aşamalandırma kavramlarının güncel eğilimlerini küresel ölçekte sistematik bir biçimde sunmakta ve Türkiye’de geliştirilecek kılavuzlara kavramsal ve yöntemsel bir temel sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tasarım Süreci Aşamalandırma Kavramları , YBM Kılavuzları , Gelişim Düzeyi , LOD , Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi , YBM

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