Comparison of Tribological Behaviour of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Poly-phthalate-amide (PPA) Composite and Pure PPA Polymer

Abstract

In many areas of the industry, gears made of polymer and polymer-based composite materials are used to transmit motion in production machines. The selection of suitable material pairs determines the working life of the gear materials. Using high performance poly-phthalate-amide (PPA) polymers and PPA composites will increase the lifetime of machine elements. In this study, the tribological performances of unfilled poly-phthalate-amide polymer and 30 wt% carbon fiber reinforced poly-phthalate-amide composite (PPA-30CF) were investigated. Wear tests were carried out against a steel disc under dry ambient conditions. Carbon fiber reinforced PPA composite was produced as granules in a twin screw industrial extruder and then wear test specimens were moulded in an injection moulding machine. The wear tests were carried out under loads of 20 N, 30 N and 40 N and sliding speeds of 0.5 and 1.0 m/s. The tests were carried out under dry ambient conditions and at room temperature using a pin-on-disc wear tester. As a result of the wear tests, it was determined that the friction coefficient and wear rate of the carbon fiber reinforced PPA polymer composite were lower than the unfilled PPA polymer. While the coefficient of friction increased with increasing the applied load, the coefficient of friction values decreased with increasing the sliding speed. The wear rate increased with increasing applied load and sliding speed. In the applied wear and friction test operating conditions, 30% carbon fiber reinforced poly-phthalate-amide composite was found to be approximately 78% more resistant than the unfilled PPA polymer. In other words, it can be concluded that the working life of the gears used as machine elements can be increased by using the right material.

Keywords

• Polyphthalamide
• Carbon fiber
• Wear
• Friction

Karbon Fiber Takviyeli Poli-fital-amit (PPA) Kompozit ve Saf PPA Polimerinin Tribolojik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Endüstrinin birçok alanında üretim makinalarında hareket iletiminde polimer ve polimer esaslı kompozit malzemelerden imal edilmiş dişliler kullanılmaktadır. Uygun malzeme çiftlerinin seçimi dişli malzemelerinin çalışma ömrünü belirlemektedir. Yüksek performanslı poli-fital-amit (PPA) polimer ve PPA kompozitler kullanılarak makine elemanlarının ömrünü artıracaktır. Bu çalışmada, katkısız poli-fital-amit polimeri ile ağırlık olarak %30 oranında karbon fiber takviyeli poli-fital-amit (PPA-30CF) kompozitinin tribolojik performansları incelenmiştir. Aşınma deneyleri çelik diske karşı kuru ortam şartları altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Karbon fiber takviyeli PPA kompoziti ikiz vidalı endüstriyel bir ekstruderde granül olarak üretilmiş ardından enjeksiyon makinasında aşınma test numuneleri basılmıştır. Aşınma testleri 20 N, 30 N ve 40 N yükler altında ve 0.5 ile 1.0 m/s kayma hızlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler, pim-disk aşınma test cihazı kullanılarak kuru ortam şartlarında ve oda sıcaklığında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aşınma testleri sonucunda, karbon fiber takviyeli PPA polimer kompozitin sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranı katkısız PPA polimerine göre daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan yükün artırılması ile sürtünme katsayısı artarken kayma hızının artırılması ile sürtünme katsayısı değerleri azalmıştır. Aşınma oranı ise uygulanan yük ve kayma hızının artması ile artmıştır. Uygulanan aşınma ve sürtünme test çalışma şartlarında %30 oranında karbon fiber takviyeli poli-fital-amit kompozit, katkısız PPA polimerine göre yaklaşık %78 oranında daha dirençli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yani makine elemanı olan kullanılan dişlilerin çalışma ömrünün doğru malzeme kullanımı ile artırılabileceği sonucu çıkarılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poli-fital-amid
• Karbon fiber
• Aşınma
• Sürtünme

Kaynakça

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