BİYOMEDİKAL ENDÜSTRİDE 3 BOYUTLU BASKI UYGULAMALARI

Öz

Teknolojik gelişmeler, sanayide dönüşümü tetikleyerek Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi (Endüstri 4.0) kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu dönüşüm, hızlı üretim, inovasyon, sürdürülebilirlik, dijitalleşme, kişiselleştirme ve akıllı üretim gibi kavramları birçok sektörde ön plana çıkarmıştır. 3B baskı teknolojileri, kişiye özel tasarım olanakları, üretim esnekliği ve geniş malzeme yelpazesiyle daha hızlı ürün ticarileştirme imkânı sunarak biyomedikal sektör de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli endüstrilerde vazgeçilmez hale gelmiştir. Bu teknoloji, biyomedikal uygulamalarda geleneksel yöntemleri geride bırakarak, implantlar, protezler, dokular ve organlar gibi karmaşık nesnelerin üretimini mümkün kılmıştır. Geleneksel yöntemlerle üretilmesi zor veya imkânsız olan bu yapılar, 3B baskı sayesinde daha hassas, maliyet-etkin ve kişiye özel olarak üretilebilmektedir. Ayrıca, bu teknoloji sayesinde biyomedikal alanda hassas mikro yapılar da ekonomik ve özelleştirilmiş bir şekilde üretilebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, doku rejenerasyonu, terapötik uygulamalar, tıbbi cihaz üretimi ve cerrahi planlama gibi alanlarda hem araştırma hem de klinik uygulamalarda gelecekte vazgeçilmez olması beklenen 3B baskı teknolojilerine yönelik araştırmaları sunmaktadır. Çalışmada, biyomedikal uygulamalar için geliştirilen ve geliştirilmekte olan malzemeler ele alınarak, 3B baskı süreçlerinin mevcut zorlukları nasıl ele aldığı ve bu zorlukların aşılması için gerekli iyileştirmeler vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 3B Baskı
• Biyomedikal Uygulamalar
• Biyo-Mürekkepler
• Biyomalzemeler

3D PRINTING APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRY

Abstract

Technological developments have triggered a transformation in industry, giving rise to the concept of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). This transformation has brought concepts such as rapid production, innovation, sustainability, digitalisation, personalisation and smart manufacturing to the forefront of many sectors around the world. 3D printing technologies are now a staple in various industries, including biomedical, due to their unparalleled personalised design options, production flexibility and faster product commercialisation using a wide range of materials. This technology has clearly surpassed traditional methods in biomedical applications. It has made it possible to produce complex objects such as implants, prostheses, tissues and organs that are difficult or impossible to produce traditionally. In addition, it has become possible to produce precise microstructures in this field in a cost-effective and personalised manner. This study presents research into 3D printing technologies that are expected to be indispensable in the future for tissue regeneration, therapeutic applications, medical device manufacturing and surgical planning in both research and clinical settings. The focus is on materials that have been and are being developed for biomedical applications, highlighting 3D printing processes that address challenging and limiting conditions and the improvements needed to address these conditions.

Keywords

• 3D Printing
• Biomedical Applications
• Rapid Production
• Bio Materials
• Bio-Inks.

Kaynakça

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