Prediction of Deformation modulus of Graphiteschist; The Assessment of In-Situ Test and Empirical methods for A Gravity Dam Foundation

Öz

The deformation modulus of rock masses is a key factor for geotechnical engineering, indispensable parameter in the design and safety for assessments of foundations, slopes, supports systems, dams, tunnels and mining operations. Accurate estimation is essential for the reliable behaviors of rock mass under different loads. Nevertheless, determining that behavior is inherently challenging due to heterogeneity of rock mass. This study investigates the deformation modulus of graphiteschist through a combined approach, integrating empirical estimation methods with in-situ testing. Rock Pressuremeter Test provides direct assessments of deformability of rock mass under actual stress conditions. These measurements were then compared with deformation values stemmed from several empirical methods related to characterization methods of rock mass including RMR, RQD and GSI based correlations. Comparative analysis reveals significant variability among empirical methods and in-situ tests, influenced by disturbance factors, and classification systems limitations. This paper highlights the importance of integrating both diverse empirical methods and in-situ measurements to enhance the reliability of deformation modulus estimations. Integrating multiple empirical methods allows for cross check and better characterization of mechanical behavior of complex rock masses. Such an approach is particularly valuable for critical structures such as dams for ensuring structural and foundation stability and safety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deformation modulus
• In-Situ Test
• Empirical Methods
• Graphiteschist

Destekleyen Kurum

General Directorate of State Hydraulic Work (DSI)

Etik Beyan

The authors of this article declare that the materials and methods used in this study do not require ethical committee permission and/or legal-special permission.

Teşekkür

General Directorate of State Hydraulic Work (DSI), 1st Regional Hydraulic Work (DSI-Bursa)

Grafitşiste Deformasyon Modülü Belirlenmesi: Ağırlık Beton Baraj Temeline Yönelik Yerinde Deney ve Ampirik Yöntemlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Deformasyon modülü, kaya mühendisliğinin temel bir parametrelerinden olup, temel, baraj, şev iyileştirme, destek sistemleri, tüneller ile madencilik gibi yeraltı yapılarının tasarımı ve güvenlik değerlendirmelerinde önemlidir. Kaya kütlelerinin farklı yükler altında davranışlarının güvenilir bir şekilde tahmin edilebilmesi için kaya kütlerinin deformasyon modülünün doğru belirlenmesi gereklidir. Ancak, kaya kütlelerinin heterojen yapıları nedeniyle deformasyon modül değerlerinin belirlenmesi oldukça zordur. Bu çalışma, grafitşist kayasının deformasyon modülünü, analitik tahmin yöntemleri ile yerinde deney yöntemlerinden elde edilmesi ve elde edilen değerlerinin karşılaştırmasını kapsamaktadır. Yerinde deneyler, kaya kütlesinin doğal gerilme koşulları altındaki deformasyon durumunu doğrudan değerlendirme imkanı sunmaktadır. Elde edilen deformasyon modülü değerleri, Jeolojik Dayanım İndeksi (GSI), Kaya Kalite Belirlemesi (RQD) ve Kaya Kütle Derecelendirmesi (RMR) gibi kaya kütlesi sınıflandırma sistemlerine dayalı önerilen çeşitli ampirik yaklaşımlardan elde edilen deformasyon modülleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalı analiz, yerinde deney sonuçları ile analitik yöntemlerden elde edilen deformasyon modülü değerlendirmeler yapılarak, ampirik yöntemlerde kullanılan bozulma faktörleri ve sınıflandırma sistemlerinin sınırlamaları gibi etkenlerden kaynaklanan önemli farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada deformasyon modülü tahminlerinin güvenilirliğini artırmak için farklı ampirik yöntemler ve yerinde deney sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesinin önemini vurgulanmaktadır. Bu durum verilerin çapraz kontrolleri sağlamakta ve kaya kütle davranışlarının daha iyi karakterize edilmesine yardımcı olacaktır. Bu yaklaşım, özellikle baraj gibi kritik yapılarda temel ve yapı tasarımı için oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deformasyon modülü
• yerinde deney
• ampirik yöntemler

Destekleyen Kurum

Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü ve DSİ 1. Bölge Müdürlüğü, Bursa

Etik Beyan

Makalenin yazarları, bu çalışmada kullanılan materyaller ve yöntemlerin etik kurul izni ve/veya özel yasal izin gerektirmediğini beyan eder.

Teşekkür

Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü ve DSİ 1. Bölge Müdürlüğü, Bursa

Kaynakça

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