Evaluating Minority-Class Detection in Imbalanced Hate Speech Data via GAN-Based Synthetic Text Generation and LSHADE Hyperparameter Optimization
Öz
The rapid spread of hate speech on social media makes automatic detection systems indispensable; however, severe class imbalance in real-world datasets substantially limits the effectiveness of deep learning models. This study proposes an end-to-end framework that integrates a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) generator and a one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) discriminator within aWGAN-GP architecture to address the imbalance problem in the Davidson hate speech dataset, where the minority class represents only 5.77% of all samples. To mitigate the training instability of standard GANs and the high computational cost of conventional grid search, the LSHADE metaheuristic is employed to autonomously optimize the main GAN hyperparameters. Experimental findings indicate that the LSHADE-optimized WGAN-GP learns the minority-class distribution without evident overfitting and produces high-quality synthetic samples that enrich the training data. When the augmented dataset is used for downstream classification, the test Macro-F1 score improves from 0.6411 to 0.6550 compared with the baseline trained on the original data only. Moreover, the number of correctly identified minority-class instances increases from 16 to 25. Multi-run evaluation with three random seeds yields very low standard deviations, especially 0.0019 on the test set, confirming the robustness and stability of the proposed pipeline.
Anahtar Kelimeler
- Hate Speech Detection
- Generative Adversarial Networks
- Metaheuristic Optimization
- Class Imbalance
- LSHADE
- SMOTE
- ADASYN
Destekleyen Kurum
Etik Beyan
Teşekkür
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Bilgi Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Erken Görünüm Tarihi
10 Haziran 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Haziran 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
2 Mayıs 2026
Kabul Tarihi
1 Haziran 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2
