Atık Balyalama İplerinden Poliüretan Üretimi

Öz

Günümüzde üretim yöntemleri kadar üretilen maddelerin atıklarından oluşan kirliliklerin giderilme yöntemleri de önemli konuların başında gelmektedir. Bu atıkların bertaraf edilmesi ve mevcut kaynakların ekonomik ve ekolojik olarak verimli kullanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Dünyada tüketilen en önemli plastik maddelerden birisi olan polyesterler esaslı polimerler için birçok geri kazanım yöntemi bulunmaktadır. Bunlar temel olarak fiziksel ve kimyasal geri kazanım yöntemleridir. Kimyasal geri kazanım yöntemleri ise glikoliz, aminoliz, metanoliz, hidroliz gibi yöntemlerden oluşmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada balya iplerinden oluşan atıklar glikoliz yöntemi ile geri dönüşüme tabi tutularak aromatik polyester poliol elde edilmiştir. Glikoliz reaksiyonu için çinko asetat katalizörlüğünde di etilen glikol kullanılmış olup,  glikol oranı deneysel parametre olarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen poliol asit sayısı hidroksil sayısı ve FTIR ile karakterize edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu poliol ile TDI’ın  (tolüen di izosiyanat) reaksiyonu sonucunda ise poliüretan malzeme elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen poliüretan malzeme FTIR ve TGA ile incelenmiş ve ticari poliüretan ile karşılaştırılmıştır.  Sonuç olarak polyester bazlı atık balya iplerinin glikoliz ile geri dönüşüm için elverişli ve uygulanabilir yöntem olduğuna karar verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geri Dönüşüm,Balyalama ipi,Glikoliz,Poliüretan

Polyurethane Production from Waste Bale Fibers

Öz

Nowadays, the methods of eliminating the pollution from wastes of the materials produced as much as the production methods are important. This requires efficiently use of sources economical and ecologically. Polyester based polymers, which is one of the most important consumed plastic materials in the world, have lots of number of recycling methods. Basically it is called chemical and physical recycling. Chemical recycle methods include glycolysis, aminolysis, methanolysis, hydrolysis and etc.. 

In this study aromatic polyester polyols produced from bale fiber wastes via glycolysis method. Zinc Acetate used as a catalysts and diethylene glycol used for the glycolysis reaction and moiety of glycol investigated as an experimental parameter. Polyurethane material produced via obtained polyol and TDI (Toluene di Isocyanate) reaction. Obtained polyurethane material investigated via FTIR and TGA and compared with the commercial polyurethane.  As a result, it has been decided that glycolysis is usable and applicable method for the waste bale fibers. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Recycling,Bale Fibe,Glycolysi,polyurethane

Kaynakça

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