Wear properties of Cu-Cr-B4C-CNF hybrid composites produced by powder metallurgy method
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 25.03.2023
Osama Kriewah
,
Serkan Islak
,
Vahdettin Koç
,
İlyas Somunkıran
Öz
Despite the excellent properties of copper such as high electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity, the fact that its mechanical properties are weak reveals the fact that its mechanical properties have been improved. In this study, the wear properties of Cu-Cr-B4C-CNF hybrid composites produced by powder metallurgy were experimentally investigated in order to improve their mechanical properties. Pin-on-disc wear method was used to determine the wear performance of the composites. Three different wear loads (5N, 10N and 15N) were selected in the wear test. According to the wear results, while the friction coefficients and wear rates decreased depending on the reinforcement ratios, both the friction coefficients and the wear rates increased with the increase of the wear loads. According to the SEM photographs taken from the surface after the wear process, both adhesive and abrasive wear mechanisms are the dominant wear types.
Kaynakça
- [1] Collini L. (Ed.). Copper Alloys: Early Applications and Current Performance-Enhancing Processes. BoD–Books on Demand, (2012).
- [2] ASM Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, Vol.2, 10th ed., (1990).
- [3] Deshpande PK, Lin RY. Wear resistance of WC particle reinforced copper matrix composites and the effect of porosity. Materials Science and Engineering A, 418(137-145), (2006).
- [4] Huang B, Hishinuma Y, Noto H, Muroga T. Mechanochemical processing of Cu-Y2O3 alloy by MA-HIP for heat sink materials application. Fusion Engineering and Design, 140(33-40), (2019).
- [5] Chen H, Jia CC, Li SJ. Effect of sintering parameters on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of diamond/Cu composites prepared by high pressure and high temperature infiltration. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 20(180-186), (2013).
- [6] Zhang X, Xiao Z, Xia Z, Han S, Meng X, Zhao Y, Li Z, Lei Q. Microstructure and properties of Cu-TiNi composites prepared by vacuum hot pressing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 897(162729), (2022).
- [7] Han T, Li J, Zhao N, Shi C, Liu E, He F, Ma L, Li Q, He, C. In-situ fabrication of nano-sized TiO2 reinforced Cu matrix composites with well-balanced mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. Powder Technology, 321(66-73), (2017).
- [8] Peng H, Xie W, Chen H, Wang H, Yang B. Effect of micro-alloying element Ti on mechanical properties of Cu–Cr alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 852(157004) (2021).
- [9] Correia JB, Davies HA, Sellars, CM. Strengthening in rapidly solidified age hardened Cu-Cr and Cu-Cr-Zr alloys. Acta Materialia, 45(177-190), (1997).
- [10] Shu D, Li X, Yang, Q. Effect on Microstructure and Performance of B4C Content in B4C/Cu Composite. Metals, 11(1250) (2021).
- [11] Vidyasagar CS, Karunakar DB. Effect of spark plasma sintering and reinforcements on the formation of ultra-fine and nanograins in AA2024-TiB2-Y hybrid composites. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 32(79-86), (2022).
- [12] ASTM G99-17: Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus, ASTM International, (2017).
- [13] Zhou F, Wang Y, Liu F, Meng Y, Dai Z. Friction and wear properties of duplex MAO/CrN coatings sliding against Si3N4 ceramic balls in air, water and oil. Wear, 267(1581-1588), (2009).
- [14] Islak S, Eski Ö, Koç V, Özorak, C. Wear properties and synthesis of CrFeNiMoTi high entropy alloy coatings produced by TIG process. Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 27(659-664), (2020).
- [15] Şaşmaz M, Koç V, Güldal S. Tribological Studies of NiMnIn and NiMnSn Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 34(2923-2931), (2021).
- [16] Koç V, Çay VV. Investigation of wear behavior of Ti6Al4V/B4C composites produced by powder metallurgy. European Journal of Technique, 10(444-453), (2020).
- [17] Scharf TW, Neira A, Hwang JY, Tiley J, Banerjee R. Self-lubricating carbon nanotube reinforced nickel matrix composites. Journal of Applied Physics, 106(013508), (2009).
- [18] Islak S, Özorak C, Abouacha NME, Çalıgülü U, Koç V, Küçük Ö. The effects of the CNF ratio on the microstructure, corrosion, and mechanical properties of CNF-reinforced diamond cutting tool. Diamond and Related Materials, 119(108585), (2021).
Toz metalürjisi yöntemi ile üretilen Cu-Cr-B4C-CNF hibrit kompozitlerin aşınma özellikleri
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 25.03.2023
Osama Kriewah
,
Serkan Islak
,
Vahdettin Koç
,
İlyas Somunkıran
Öz
Bakırın yüksek elektriksel iletkenlik ve yüksek termal iletkenlik gibi mükemmel özelliklerine rağmen mekanik özelliklerinin zayıf olması, mekanik özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi gerçeğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada toz metalürjisi ile üretilen Cu-Cr-B4C-CNF hibrit kompozitlerin mekanik özelliklerini iyileştirmek amacıyla aşınma özellikleri deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Kompozitlerin aşınma performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla pin-on-disk aşınma metodu kullanılmıştır. Aşınma testinde üç farklı aşınma yükü (5N, 10N ve 15N) seçilmiştir. Aşınma sonuçlarına göre, takviye oranlarına bağlı olarak sürtünme katsayılarında ve aşınma oranlarında azalma meydana gelirken, aşınma yüklerinin artmasıyla hem sürtünme katsayılarında hem de aşınma oranlarında artışlar meydana gelmiştir. Aşınma işleminden sonra yüzeyden alınan SEM fotoğraflarına göre hem adhezif hem de abrasiv aşınma mekanizmaları hâkim aşınma türleridir.
Kaynakça
- [1] Collini L. (Ed.). Copper Alloys: Early Applications and Current Performance-Enhancing Processes. BoD–Books on Demand, (2012).
- [2] ASM Handbook: Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, Vol.2, 10th ed., (1990).
- [3] Deshpande PK, Lin RY. Wear resistance of WC particle reinforced copper matrix composites and the effect of porosity. Materials Science and Engineering A, 418(137-145), (2006).
- [4] Huang B, Hishinuma Y, Noto H, Muroga T. Mechanochemical processing of Cu-Y2O3 alloy by MA-HIP for heat sink materials application. Fusion Engineering and Design, 140(33-40), (2019).
- [5] Chen H, Jia CC, Li SJ. Effect of sintering parameters on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of diamond/Cu composites prepared by high pressure and high temperature infiltration. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 20(180-186), (2013).
- [6] Zhang X, Xiao Z, Xia Z, Han S, Meng X, Zhao Y, Li Z, Lei Q. Microstructure and properties of Cu-TiNi composites prepared by vacuum hot pressing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 897(162729), (2022).
- [7] Han T, Li J, Zhao N, Shi C, Liu E, He F, Ma L, Li Q, He, C. In-situ fabrication of nano-sized TiO2 reinforced Cu matrix composites with well-balanced mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. Powder Technology, 321(66-73), (2017).
- [8] Peng H, Xie W, Chen H, Wang H, Yang B. Effect of micro-alloying element Ti on mechanical properties of Cu–Cr alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 852(157004) (2021).
- [9] Correia JB, Davies HA, Sellars, CM. Strengthening in rapidly solidified age hardened Cu-Cr and Cu-Cr-Zr alloys. Acta Materialia, 45(177-190), (1997).
- [10] Shu D, Li X, Yang, Q. Effect on Microstructure and Performance of B4C Content in B4C/Cu Composite. Metals, 11(1250) (2021).
- [11] Vidyasagar CS, Karunakar DB. Effect of spark plasma sintering and reinforcements on the formation of ultra-fine and nanograins in AA2024-TiB2-Y hybrid composites. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International, 32(79-86), (2022).
- [12] ASTM G99-17: Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus, ASTM International, (2017).
- [13] Zhou F, Wang Y, Liu F, Meng Y, Dai Z. Friction and wear properties of duplex MAO/CrN coatings sliding against Si3N4 ceramic balls in air, water and oil. Wear, 267(1581-1588), (2009).
- [14] Islak S, Eski Ö, Koç V, Özorak, C. Wear properties and synthesis of CrFeNiMoTi high entropy alloy coatings produced by TIG process. Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 27(659-664), (2020).
- [15] Şaşmaz M, Koç V, Güldal S. Tribological Studies of NiMnIn and NiMnSn Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 34(2923-2931), (2021).
- [16] Koç V, Çay VV. Investigation of wear behavior of Ti6Al4V/B4C composites produced by powder metallurgy. European Journal of Technique, 10(444-453), (2020).
- [17] Scharf TW, Neira A, Hwang JY, Tiley J, Banerjee R. Self-lubricating carbon nanotube reinforced nickel matrix composites. Journal of Applied Physics, 106(013508), (2009).
- [18] Islak S, Özorak C, Abouacha NME, Çalıgülü U, Koç V, Küçük Ö. The effects of the CNF ratio on the microstructure, corrosion, and mechanical properties of CNF-reinforced diamond cutting tool. Diamond and Related Materials, 119(108585), (2021).