Evaluation of Turkey's Health Tourism Performance with the MOORA Method

Öz

In recent years, factors such as an aging population, varying illness burdens, numerous health technological breakthroughs in different regions, and ease of travel between countries have all contributed to the growth of health tourism. Adapting to this development, which promotes countries' economies, is now a must for policymakers in terms of resource allocation and strategic planning. The aim of this study is to evaluate Turkey's health tourism performance using multi-objective optimization (MOORA) based on ratio analysis, a multi-criteria decision-making method, and to reveal the current situation in order to contribute to the development of health tourism. In the study, 6 different indicators are used as performance criteria. The data covers 2009–2019. The MOORA-Ratio method and the MOORA-Reference Point Approach were used together. In the study, it is seen that the health tourism performance has increased gradually over the years. According to the ratio method, the best performance was achieved in 2017, and according to the reference point approach, in 2014. Suggestions were made in order to increase the performance of health tourism and to reach the targets determined in the strategic plan.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health tourism
• health tourism performance
• MOORA method
• multi-criteria decision making methods
• Turkey.

Türkiye'nin Sağlık Turizmi Performansının MOORA Metodu ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Son yıllarda yaşlanan nüfus, değişen hastalık yükleri, farklı bölgelerdeki farklı tıbbi teknolojik gelişmeler, ülkeler arası ulaşım kolaylığı gibi faktörler sağlık turizminin gelişmesine neden olmaktadır. Ülkelerin ekonomilerine katkı sağlayan bu gelişmeye uyum sağlamak, kaynak kullanımı ve stratejik planlama açısından politika yapıcılar için kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin sağlık turizmi performansını çok kriterli karar verme yöntemi olan oran analizi temeline dayanan çok amaçlı optimizasyon (MOORA) ile değerlendirmek, sağlık turizminin gelişmesine katkı sağlamak için mevcut durumu ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, 6 farklı performans kriteri gösterge olarak kullanılmıştır. Veriler, 2009-2019 yıllarını kapsamaktadır. Veriler elde edilirken Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) veri tabanı kullanılmıştır. MOORA-Oran yöntemi ve MOORA-Referans Noktası Yaklaşımı birlikte kullanılarak çeyreklik dönemlerin performans sıralaması elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada sağlık turizmi performansının yıllar içinde giderek arttığı görülmektedir. Oran yöntemine göre en iyi performans 2017 yılında, referans noktası yaklaşımına göre ise 2014 yılında elde edilmiştir. Sağlık turizminin performansının artırılması ve stratejik planda belirlenen hedeflere ulaşılması için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık turizmi
• sağlık turizmi performansı
• MOORA yöntemi
• çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri
• Türkiye.

Kaynakça

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