Çin’in Yolsuzlukla Mücadele Politikalarının Evrimi: Kadim Çin’den Modern Çin’e

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 142 - 154, 30.01.2026

Soner Hamzaçebi

Öz

Yolsuzluğa dayalı rüşvet suçları, tarihsel olarak Çin ekonomisinin gelişimini tehdit etmiştir. Çinli şirketlerin ve devlet kurumlarının karıştığı yolsuzluk suçları, Çin’in yolsuzlukla mücadele politikasının etkinliğinin sorgulanmasına yol açmıştır. Ülke genelinde yolsuzluğun yaygınlaşması, Pekin yönetiminin bu konudaki politikalarını yeniden gözden geçirmesine neden olmuştur. Hukuki düzenlemelerin yetersizliği ve güçlü bir hukuk sisteminin eksikliği, finansal ve yolsuzluk suçlarının artmasına yol açmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Pekin yönetimi siyasal ve ekonomik istikrarı tehdit eden suçların önlenmesi için sert önlemler almış ve cezai yaptırımlar kullanarak yolsuzluğa karşı etkin bir mücadele sergilemiştir. Özellikle ekonomik düzeni koruma amacıyla, yolsuzluk ve rüşvet suçlarına karşı kararlı bir tutum sergileyen yönetim, idam ve müebbet hapis cezaları gibi ağır cezalar uygulamıştır. Pekin yönetiminin, ekonomik suçlar ve yolsuzlukla mücadeledeki kararlı politikaları, hukuki düzenlemelerin güçlendirilmesi ve cezai yaptırımların etkinliği üzerine yapılan reformlar, bu çalışmanın temel odak noktalarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle Çin ceza hukukunun tarihsel gelişimi ve yolsuzlukla mücadeleye yönelik yaklaşımları ele alınacaktır. Ardından, Mao Zedong’un yolsuzluk ve ekonomik suçlara ilişkin benimsediği politikalar sistematik bir şekilde incelenecek ve bu politikaların hukuki ve siyasi boyutları tartışılacaktır. Son bölümde ise, Çin tarihindeki en etkili yolsuzlukla mücadele politikalarını hayata geçiren Xi Jinping’in bu alandaki stratejileri, uygulamaları ve politikalarının etkileri kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin , Rüşvet , Yosuzluk , Yolsuzlukla Mücadele , Xi Jinping

The Evolution of China's Anti-Corruption Policies: From Ancient China to the Modern China

Öz

Corruption-based bribery crimes have historically threatened the development of the Chinese economy. Corruption crimes involving Chinese companies and state institutions have led to questions about the effectiveness of China's anti-corruption policy. The spread of corruption throughout the country has prompted the Beijing administration to reevaluate its policies on this issue. Inadequate legal regulations and the lack of a strong legal system have led to an increase in financial and corruption crimes. In this context, the Beijing administration has taken tough measures to prevent crimes that threaten political and economic stability and has demonstrated an effective fight against corruption by using criminal sanctions. In particular, with the aim of protecting the economic order, the administration has taken a firm stance against corruption and bribery crimes, imposing severe penalties such as the death penalty and life imprisonment. The Beijing administration's determined policies in the fight against economic crimes and corruption, along with reforms aimed at strengthening legal regulations and the effectiveness of criminal sanctions, constitute one of the main focal points of this study. In this context, the historical development of Chinese criminal law and approaches to combating corruption will first be examined. Then, Mao Zedong's policies on corruption and economic crimes will be systematically examined, and the legal and political dimensions of these policies will be discussed. In the final section, Xi Jinping's strategies, practices, and the effects of his policies in this area, which have implemented the most effective anti-corruption policies in Chinese history, will be comprehensively evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

China , Bribery , Corruption , Anti- Corruption , Xi Jinping

Kaynakça

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