The Impact of Energy Crises on European Union's Energy Policy

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 460 - 472, 24.07.2019

Cemal Kakışım

Öz

The security of energy supply is one of
the most important factors in the development of the European Union’s (EU)
energy policies. The security of energy supply has become  the most 
important  agenda in the energy
field of EU because EU countries in natural gas import significantly depend on
Russia and the energy crises between Russia and Ukraine affect EU countries
negatively and the flow of energy that reaches from Russia to EU countries is
often interrupted. The EU has focused more on the policies that will ensure the
security of energy supply and reduce its dependence on the supplier countries
in 2000's. From the
combat of global warming and environmental pollution to increase of energy
saving the regulations in many field supporting the security of energy supply
have been implemented. This study elaborates generally the impact of energy
crises on the development of the EU’s energy policy and mentions its efforts to
create energy policy from the establishment of the EU.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union, Russia, Energy Policy, The Security of Energy Supply, Natural Gas

Enerji Krizlerinin Etkisiyle Şekillenen Avrupa Birliği’nin Enerji Politikası

Öz

Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) enerji
politikalarının gelişiminde etkili olan en önemli faktörlerden biri enerji arz
güvenliğidir. AB ülkelerinin doğal gaz ithalatında Rusya’ya önemli ölçüde
bağımlı olması, Rusya ile Ukrayna arasındaki enerji krizlerinin AB ülkelerini olumsuz
etkilemesi ve Rusya’dan AB ülkelerine ulaşan doğal gaz akışının sık sık kesintiye
uğraması nedeniyle, enerji arz güvenliği, AB’nin enerji alanındaki en önemli
gündemi haline gelmiştir. AB, 2000’li yıllarla birlikte enerji arz güvenliğini sağlayacak
ve tedarikçi ülkelere bağımlılığını azaltacak politikalara daha çok odaklanmıştır.
Çevre kirliliği ve küresel ısınmayla mücadeleden, enerji tasarrufunu arttırılmasına
kadar enerji arz güvenliğini destekleyecek birçok alanda düzenleme hayata
geçirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada genel olarak, enerji krizlerinin AB’nin enerji
politikalarının gelişimine olan etkisine değinilecek ve AB’nin kuruluşundan
itibaren enerji politikası oluşturma çabasına yer verilecektir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Rusya, Enerji Politikası, Enerji Arz Güvenliği, Enerji Krizleri, Doğal Gaz

Kaynakça

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