Teoriyi Batı ve Batı-Dışı Ayrımının Ötesinde Düşünmek: Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler Fikri Üzerine Eleştirel Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1050 - 1067, 25.09.2021

Özkan Gökcan

Öz

Bu makale, 2014 yılında Amitav Acharya tarafından gündeme getirilmiş olan Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikrini, Uluslararası İlişkiler teorileri bağlamında analiz etmektedir. Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikri, disiplininin daha kapsayıcı, çoğulcu ve gerçek manada evrensel bir hale gelebilmesi için Batı/Batı-dışı, Kuzey/Küresel Güney, Batı/Batı Sonrası, Batı/Geriye Kalan gibi ikiliklerin aşılabildiği bir teorik birikimin inşa edilmesi gerektiğini varsaymaktadır. Ancak bu makalede de iddia edildiği gibi özellikle disiplinin mevcut durumu ve Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikrinin daha emekleme aşamasında olan bir fikir olduğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bunu başarmak kısa vadede oldukça zordur. Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikri, teoriye evrensel nitelik ve birikim kazandıracak bir çerçeve çizmede başarılı olmasına rağmen pratikte hayata geçirilmesini engelleyen birçok zorluk ile karşı karşıyadır. Bu makalede, öncelikle Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikrine giden yolun taşlarını döşeyen Batı/Batı-dışı teori tartışmasının seyri iki ayrı bölümde ele alınmaktadır. Ardından gelen iki bölümde sırasıyla Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikrinin temel varsayımları ve pratikte uygulanabilirliği eleştirel bir analize tabi tutulmaktadır. Son olarak ise Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler fikrinin gelişimine katkı sunacağı düşünülen tavsiyelerin yer aldığı genel bir değerlendirme ile makale sonlandırılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Küresel Uluslararası İlişkiler, Batı-merkezcilk, Batı-dışı Teori, Diyalog, Çoğulculuk

Thinking Theory beyond the Western and Non-Western Distinction: A Critical Review of the Idea of Global International Relations

Öz

This article analyzes the idea of Global International Relations, which was raised by Amitav Acharya in 2014, in the context of theories of International Relations. The idea of Global International Relations assumes that in order for the discipline to become more inclusive, pluralistic and truly universal, it is necessary to build a theoretical accumulation where dualities such as West / Non-West, North / Global South, West / Post West, West / Rest can be overcome. But, as this article claims, this is quite difficult to achieve in the short term, especially given the current state of discipline and the idea of Global International Relations is an idea that is in its infancy. Although the idea of Global International Relations succeeds in drawing a framework that will give the theory a universal character and knowledge, it faces many difficulties that prevent it from being implemented in practice. The first two sections of this article discuss the course of the Western/non-Western theory debate that paved the way for the idea of Global International Relations. In the following two sections, the basic assumptions and practical applicability of the idea of Global International Relations are subjected to a critical analysis, respectively. Finally, the article is concluded with a general evaluation with recommendations that are considered to contribute to the development of the idea of Global International Relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Western-centrism, Non-Western Theory, Global International Relations, Dialogue, Pluralism

Kaynakça

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