Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Relationship between Basin Morphometry and Flood-Overflow: Case of Tabakhane Stream (Ünye-Ordu, Türkiye)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 22, 01.02.2023

Öz

In the province of Ordu, in August 2018, Tabakhane and Ceviz stream overflowed due to heavy rains, settlements established in the stream bed were damaged and five hundred thousand people in the province were affected by floods and overflows. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the areal (two dimensional) and relief (three dimensional) morphometric features of the Tabakhane Stream Basin within the scope of flood-overflow relationship. For this purpose, drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), basin shape (Rf), elongation ratio (Re) and Gravelius index (Kg), basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh), ruggedness value (Rn), time of concentration (Tc), hypsometric curve (Hc) and hypsometric integral (Hi) analyses were performed. In this study, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is used as the basic data. SYM was created by digitization of 1/25000 scale topography maps of the study area. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software was used to determine the basin boundary, areal and relief morphometric properties were obtained using formulas in the literature. Accordingly, the values of Dd 2,51, Fs 2,97, Rf 0,31, Re 0,63 and Kg were found to be 1,38 in the Tabakhane Stream Basin. According to the results of relief morphometric analysis, the values of Bh were found to be 653 m, Rh as 0,05, Rn as 0.31, Tc as 126, 13 minutes and Hi as 0,30. The high Dd and Fs values in the basin indicate high flood potential. The hypsometric curve of the basin having a longitudinal shape shows a concave appearance. This indicates that floods in the upper basin can cause flooding in the downstream basin. When the climate and morphometric characteristics of the basin are evaluated together, it is seen that the flood-overflow risk is high and therefore the studies to be done to reduce flood losses in the basin should be taken into consideration.

Kaynakça

  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD), Afet Bilgileri Envanteri, Ankara
  • Altaf, F., Gowhar, M. & Shakil, A.R. (2013). Morphometric Analysis to Infer Hydrological Behaviour of Lidder Watershed, Western Himalaya, India. Geography Journal.
  • Atalay, İ. (2016). Uygulamalı Jeomorfoloji, İzmir: Meta Basım Matbaacılık Hizmetleri.
  • Avci, V. ve Sunkar, M. (2015). Giresun’da sel ve taşkın oluşumuna neden olan Aksu Çayı ve Batlama Deresi Havzalarının Morfometrik Analizleri. Coğrafya Dergisi, 30, 91-119.
  • Avci, V. ve Sunkar, M. (2018). Bulancak’ta (Giresun) Sel ve Taşkın Olaylarına Neden Olan Pazarsuyu, İncüvez, Kara ve Bulancak Derelerinin Morfometrik Analizleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 28 (2), 15-41.
  • Babu, K. J., Sreekumar, S. & Aslam, A. (2016). Implication of drainage basin parameters of a tropical river basin of South India. Applied Water Science, 6:67–75.
  • Baker, V. R. Kochel, R. C. & Paton, P. C. (1988). Flood Geomorphology, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Bastawesy, E.L.M. Gabr S. & White, K. (2013). Hydrology and geomorphology of the Upper White Nile lakes and their relevance for water resources management in the Nile basin. Hydrological Processes, 27, 196-205.
  • Batista DA Silva, L.D. Carvalho, D.F. (2006). Apostila de Hidrologia: UFRRJ.
  • Bayrakdar, C., Döker, M. F. ve Keserci, F. (2020). Polyelerde Hatalı Arazi Kullanımların Sebep Olduğu Afetlere Bir Örnek: 31 Ocak 2019 Kayaköy Polyesi Taşkını. Coğrafya Dergisi, 41.
  • Canpolat, E., Dinç, Y., Usun, Ç. F. ve Geçen, R. (2020). 25.09.2014 Tarihinde Erzin Ilıcalarda (Hatay) Meydana Gelen Sel ve Taşkının Oluşumunda Coğrafi Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi. Coğrafya Dergisi, 41.
  • Carter, R. W. (1961). Magnitude and frequency of floods in suburban areas. Professional Paper 424-B B9-B11, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
  • Deju, R. (1971). Regional Hydrology Fundamentals. Newark: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
  • Dölek, İ. (2010). Bolaman Çayı Havzası’nın Doğal Afet Kaynakları. Hikmet Yurdu Düşünce-Yorum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3 (6), 107-121.
  • Gönençgil, B. (2016). Ordu İlinin İklim Özellikleri, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul: Eski Babil Yayınları
  • Gravelius, H. (1914). Grundrifi der gesamten Gewcisserkunde. Band I: Flufikunde (Compendium of Hydrology, Vol. I.)
  • Gregory, K. J. & Walling, D. E. (1976). Drainage basin form and process: A geomorphological approach. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd.
  • Grimaldi, S., Petroselli, A., Tauro, F. & Porfiri, M. (2012). Times of concentration: A paradox in modern hydrology. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (2), 217–228.
  • Görcelioğlu, E. (2003). Flood and Avalanche Control, Istanbul: Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry Publications.
  • Görüm, T. (2016). Ordu İlinin Doğal Afetleri, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul:Eski Babil Yayınları.
  • Günal, N. (2016). Ordu İlinin Biyocoğrafyası, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul: Eski Babil Yayınları.
  • Hadley, R. Schumm, S. (1961). Sediment Sources and Drainage Basin Characteristics in Upper Cheyenne River Basin. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1531-B, Washington DC, 198.
  • Harita Genel Müdürlüğü, 1/25.000 ölçekli topoğrafya haritaları F 38 d3, F 38 c1, F38 c4 paftaları. Ankara.
  • Horton, R. E. (1932). Drainage basin characteristics. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 13, 350-361.
  • Horton, R. E. (1945). Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology. Bull Geol Soc Am, 56:275- 370.
  • Hoşgören, M.Y. (2001). Hidrografya’nın Ana Çizgileri I: Yeraltısuları-Kaynaklar-Akarsular. İstanbul: Çantay Kitabevi, 4. Baskı.
  • Karakuyu, M. (2002). Şehirleşmenin Küresel İklim Sapmalari ve Taşkınlar Üzerindeki Etkisi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 6, 97-108.
  • Keller, E. A. & Pinter, N. (2002). Active Tectonics Earthquakes, Uplift, and Landscape, New Jersey: Prentice Hail.
  • Kirpich, Z. P. (1940).Time of concentration of small agricultural watersheds. CiviI Engineering, 10 (6), 362.
  • Koç, G., Petrow, T. & Thieken, A. H. (2020), Analysis of the Most Severe Flood Events in Turkey (1960-2014): Which Triggering Mechanisms and Aggravating Pathways Can be Identified. Water, 12.
  • Kopar, İ., Polat, S., Hadimli, H. ve Özdemir, M. (2005). 4-6 Mart 2004 Pulur Çayı (Ilıca-Erzurum) Sel-Taşkın Afeti. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 10 (3).
  • Kumar, R. P., Chandel, R. S., Mishra, V. N. & Singh, P. (2018). Hydrological inferences through morphometric analysis of lower Kosi river basin of India for water resource management based on remote sensing data. Applied Water Science, 8(15).
  • Langbein, W.B. (1947). Topographıc Characterıstıcs Of Draınage Basıns. United States Department Of The Interıor J. A. Krug, Secretary Geologıcal Survey.
  • Li, J. & Wong, W.D. (2010). Effects of DEM sources on hydrologic applications Computers. Environment and Urban Systems, 34, 251-261.
  • Malik, M. I., Bhat, M. S. & Kuchay, N. A. (2011). Watershed based drianage morphometric analysis of Lidder Catchment in Kashmir Valley Using Geographical İnformation System. Recent Research İn Science And Technology, 3(4), 118–126.
  • Melton, M. A. (1957). An analysis of the relation among elements of climate, surface properties and geomorphology. Tch. Rep. No. 11, Department of Geology, Columbia University, New York.
  • Miller, V. C. (1953). A quantitative geomorphic study of drainage basin characteristics in the clinch mountain area. Virginia and Tennessee. In: Technical Report. 3. Office of Naval Research. Department of Geology. Columbia University.
  • MTA Genel Müdürlüğü 1/100000 ölçekli jeoloji haritaları F 38 Paftası.Ankara.
  • Mesa, L. M. (2006). Morphometric analysis of a subtropical Andean basin (Tucuman, Argentina). Environmental Geology, 50 (8), 1235-1242.
  • Moore, I.D., Grayson, R.B. & Ladson, A.R. (1991). Digital Terrain Modelling: A Review of Hydrological, Geomorphological and Biological Applications. Hydrological Processes, 5(1), 3-30.
  • Morisawa, M. E. (1959). Relation of morphometric properties to runoff in the Little Mill Creek, Ohio, Drainage Basin. Tech. rep. 17. Columbia University, Department of Geology, ONR, New York
  • Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) (1972). National engineering handbook, Section 4: Hydrology. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
  • Jensen, S. K. (1991). Applications of hydrologic information automatically extracted from digital elevation models. Hydrological Process, 5(1):31–44
  • Patil., P. S. V. & Mali, P. S. (2013). Watershed charachterization and prioritization of Tulasi subwatershed: A geospatial approach. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2(6), 2182–2188.
  • Ocak, F. ve Bahadır, M. (2020). Örnek Taşkın Risk Modeli Oluşturulması ve Ünye Şehrindeki Derelere Ait Taşkın Risk Analizleri. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 80, 499-524.
  • Oruonye, E. D., Ezekiel, B. B., Atiku, H. G. , Baba, E. & Musa, N. I. (2016). Drainage basin morphometryic parameter of river Lamurde: Implication for hydrologic and geomorphic process. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 5(2), 1–11.
  • Önsoy H. (2008). “Kentleşmede Hidrolojinin Önemi.”, DSİ VII. Bölge Md. Taşkın ve Heyelen Konferansı. 24-25 Temmuz 2008, Samsun
  • Patel, A. Katiyar, K. S. Prasad, V. (2016). “Performances evaluation of different open source DEM using differential global positioning system (DGPS).”, Egyptian Joornal of Remote Sensing Space Science 19(1):7–16
  • Patton, P. C. Baker, V.R. (1976). “Morphometry and Floods in Small Drainage Basins Subject to Diverse Hydrogeomorphic Controls.”, Water Resources Research, 12(5).
  • Peltier, L. C. (1962). “Area Sampling for Terrain Analysis.”, Professional Geographer, 14: 2428.
  • Rastogi, R. A. Sharma, T. C. (1976). “Quantitative analysis of drainage basin characteristics.”, Journal Soil and Water Conservation in India, 26(1), 18-25.
  • Reddy, G. P. O. Maji, A. K. Gajbhiye, K. S. (2004). “Drainage morphometry and its influence on landform characteristics in basaltic terrain, Central lndia-a remote sensing and GIS approach.”, International Journal of Applied Observation Geoinformation, 61-16.
  • Ritter, D.F. Kochel, R.C. Miller, J.R. (1995). Process geomorphology. Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown.
  • Singh, S. Singh, M.C. (1997). “Morphometric analysis of Kanhar river basin.”, National Geographical Journal of India 43 (1), 31-43.
  • Singh, O. Sarangi, A. Sharma, M.C. (2008). “Hypsometric Integral Estimation Methods and its Relevance on Erosion Status of Northwestern Lesser Himalayan Watersheds.”, Water Resources Management, 22, 1545-1560.
  • Scheidegger, A. E. (1961). Theoretical Geomorphology, Berlin: Springer, Verlag.
  • Schults, G. A. Engman, E. T. (2000). “Present use and future perspectives of remote sensing in hydrology and water management.”, Remote Sensing and Hydrology 2000 (Proceedings of a symposium held at Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, April 2000). IAHS Publ. no. 267.
  • Schumm, S. A. (1956). “Evolution of drainage Systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey.”, Geol. Soc. Am. Bul. 67, 597-646.
  • Strahler, A. N. (1952a). “Hypsometric (area-altitude curve) Analysis of Erosional Topography.”, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63: 1117-1141.
  • Strahler, A.N. (1952b). “Dynamic Basis of Geomorphology.”, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63, 923-938.
  • Strahler, A. N. (1964). “Quantitative Geomorphology of Drainage Basins and Channel Networks,” In: V. T. Chow, Ed., Handbook of Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Section 4-11.
  • Summerfield, M. A. (1991). Global Geomorphology An Introduction to the study of landforms, Longman.
  • Sujatha, E. R. Selvakumar, R. Rajasimman, U. A. B. Victor, R. G. (2015). “Morphometric analysis of sub-watershed in parts of Western Ghats, South India using ASTER DEM.”, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 6(4), 326-341
  • Thomas, J. Joseph, S. Thrivikramji, K. P. Abe, G. (2011). “Morphometric analysis of the drainage system and its hydrological implications in the rain shadow regions, Kerala, India.”, Journal of Geographical Sciences, 21 (6), 1077-1088.
  • Tejpal (2013). “Relief analysis of the Tangri watershed in the lower Shivalik and Piedmont zone of Haryana and Punjab.”, Indian Journal of Spatial Science, 4(1), 9–20.
  • Turoğlu, H. Aykut, T. 2019, “Ergene Nehri Havzası için Hidromorfometrik Analizlerle Taşkın Duyarlılık Değerlendirmesi.”, Jeomorfolojik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2, 1-15.
  • Usul N., 2008, Mühendislik Hidrolojisi, ODTÜ Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Verstappen, H. Th. (1983). Applied Geomorphology, The Netherlands: ITC Enschede,
  • Wise, S. (2000). “Assessing the quality for hydrological applications of digital elevation models derived from contours.”, Hydrological Process, 14 (11–12), 1909–1929.
  • Yalçın M. (2013). “Sel ve Taşkına Duyarlı Alanların CBS ile Belirlenmesi: İstanbul Avrupa Yakası Örneği.”, 18.Esri Kullanıcılar Konferansı, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Yılmaz, C. (2005). “Ordu İlinin Nüfus Özellikleri”, Orta Karadeniz Kültürü, (Editörler: B.Yediyıldız - H.Kaynar - S. Küçük), Siyasal Kitabevi Yayını, (253–278), Ankara.

Havza Morfometrisi Sel-Taşkın İlişkisi; Tabakhane Deresi Örneği (Ünye-Ordu, Türkiye)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 22, 01.02.2023

Öz

In the province of Ordu, in August 2018, Tabakhane and Ceviz stream overflowed due to heavy rains, settlements established in the stream bed were damaged and five hundred thousand people in the province were affected by floods and overflows. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the areal (two dimensional) and relief (three dimensional) morphometric features of the Tabakhane Stream Basin within the scope of flood-overflow relationship. For this purpose, drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), basin shape (Rf), elongation ratio (Re) and Gravelius index (Kg), basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh), ruggedness value (Rn), time of concentration (Tc), hypsometric curve (Hc) and hypsometric integral (Hi) analyses were performed. In this study, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is used as the basic data. SYM was created by digitization of 1/25000 scale topography maps of the study area. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software was used to determine the basin boundary, areal and relief morphometric properties were obtained using formulas in the literature. Accordingly, the values of Dd 2,51, Fs 2,97, Rf 0,31, Re 0,63 and Kg were found to be 1,38 in the Tabakhane Stream Basin. According to the results of relief morphometric analysis, the values of Bh were found to be 653 m, Rh as 0,05, Rn as 0.31, Tc as 126, 13 minutes and Hi as 0,30. The high Dd and Fs values in the basin indicate high flood potential. The hypsometric curve of the basin having a longitudinal shape shows a concave appearance. This indicates that floods in the upper basin can cause flooding in the downstream basin. When the climate and morphometric characteristics of the basin are evaluated together, it is seen that the flood-overflow risk is high and therefore the studies to be done to reduce flood losses in the basin should be taken into consideration.

Kaynakça

  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD), Afet Bilgileri Envanteri, Ankara
  • Altaf, F., Gowhar, M. & Shakil, A.R. (2013). Morphometric Analysis to Infer Hydrological Behaviour of Lidder Watershed, Western Himalaya, India. Geography Journal.
  • Atalay, İ. (2016). Uygulamalı Jeomorfoloji, İzmir: Meta Basım Matbaacılık Hizmetleri.
  • Avci, V. ve Sunkar, M. (2015). Giresun’da sel ve taşkın oluşumuna neden olan Aksu Çayı ve Batlama Deresi Havzalarının Morfometrik Analizleri. Coğrafya Dergisi, 30, 91-119.
  • Avci, V. ve Sunkar, M. (2018). Bulancak’ta (Giresun) Sel ve Taşkın Olaylarına Neden Olan Pazarsuyu, İncüvez, Kara ve Bulancak Derelerinin Morfometrik Analizleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 28 (2), 15-41.
  • Babu, K. J., Sreekumar, S. & Aslam, A. (2016). Implication of drainage basin parameters of a tropical river basin of South India. Applied Water Science, 6:67–75.
  • Baker, V. R. Kochel, R. C. & Paton, P. C. (1988). Flood Geomorphology, USA: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Bastawesy, E.L.M. Gabr S. & White, K. (2013). Hydrology and geomorphology of the Upper White Nile lakes and their relevance for water resources management in the Nile basin. Hydrological Processes, 27, 196-205.
  • Batista DA Silva, L.D. Carvalho, D.F. (2006). Apostila de Hidrologia: UFRRJ.
  • Bayrakdar, C., Döker, M. F. ve Keserci, F. (2020). Polyelerde Hatalı Arazi Kullanımların Sebep Olduğu Afetlere Bir Örnek: 31 Ocak 2019 Kayaköy Polyesi Taşkını. Coğrafya Dergisi, 41.
  • Canpolat, E., Dinç, Y., Usun, Ç. F. ve Geçen, R. (2020). 25.09.2014 Tarihinde Erzin Ilıcalarda (Hatay) Meydana Gelen Sel ve Taşkının Oluşumunda Coğrafi Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi. Coğrafya Dergisi, 41.
  • Carter, R. W. (1961). Magnitude and frequency of floods in suburban areas. Professional Paper 424-B B9-B11, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
  • Deju, R. (1971). Regional Hydrology Fundamentals. Newark: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.
  • Dölek, İ. (2010). Bolaman Çayı Havzası’nın Doğal Afet Kaynakları. Hikmet Yurdu Düşünce-Yorum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3 (6), 107-121.
  • Gönençgil, B. (2016). Ordu İlinin İklim Özellikleri, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul: Eski Babil Yayınları
  • Gravelius, H. (1914). Grundrifi der gesamten Gewcisserkunde. Band I: Flufikunde (Compendium of Hydrology, Vol. I.)
  • Gregory, K. J. & Walling, D. E. (1976). Drainage basin form and process: A geomorphological approach. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd.
  • Grimaldi, S., Petroselli, A., Tauro, F. & Porfiri, M. (2012). Times of concentration: A paradox in modern hydrology. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (2), 217–228.
  • Görcelioğlu, E. (2003). Flood and Avalanche Control, Istanbul: Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry Publications.
  • Görüm, T. (2016). Ordu İlinin Doğal Afetleri, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul:Eski Babil Yayınları.
  • Günal, N. (2016). Ordu İlinin Biyocoğrafyası, Memleket Pusulası Ordu, Editörler: Cemalettin Şahin, T. Ahmet ERTEK, İstanbul: Eski Babil Yayınları.
  • Hadley, R. Schumm, S. (1961). Sediment Sources and Drainage Basin Characteristics in Upper Cheyenne River Basin. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1531-B, Washington DC, 198.
  • Harita Genel Müdürlüğü, 1/25.000 ölçekli topoğrafya haritaları F 38 d3, F 38 c1, F38 c4 paftaları. Ankara.
  • Horton, R. E. (1932). Drainage basin characteristics. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 13, 350-361.
  • Horton, R. E. (1945). Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology. Bull Geol Soc Am, 56:275- 370.
  • Hoşgören, M.Y. (2001). Hidrografya’nın Ana Çizgileri I: Yeraltısuları-Kaynaklar-Akarsular. İstanbul: Çantay Kitabevi, 4. Baskı.
  • Karakuyu, M. (2002). Şehirleşmenin Küresel İklim Sapmalari ve Taşkınlar Üzerindeki Etkisi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, 6, 97-108.
  • Keller, E. A. & Pinter, N. (2002). Active Tectonics Earthquakes, Uplift, and Landscape, New Jersey: Prentice Hail.
  • Kirpich, Z. P. (1940).Time of concentration of small agricultural watersheds. CiviI Engineering, 10 (6), 362.
  • Koç, G., Petrow, T. & Thieken, A. H. (2020), Analysis of the Most Severe Flood Events in Turkey (1960-2014): Which Triggering Mechanisms and Aggravating Pathways Can be Identified. Water, 12.
  • Kopar, İ., Polat, S., Hadimli, H. ve Özdemir, M. (2005). 4-6 Mart 2004 Pulur Çayı (Ilıca-Erzurum) Sel-Taşkın Afeti. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 10 (3).
  • Kumar, R. P., Chandel, R. S., Mishra, V. N. & Singh, P. (2018). Hydrological inferences through morphometric analysis of lower Kosi river basin of India for water resource management based on remote sensing data. Applied Water Science, 8(15).
  • Langbein, W.B. (1947). Topographıc Characterıstıcs Of Draınage Basıns. United States Department Of The Interıor J. A. Krug, Secretary Geologıcal Survey.
  • Li, J. & Wong, W.D. (2010). Effects of DEM sources on hydrologic applications Computers. Environment and Urban Systems, 34, 251-261.
  • Malik, M. I., Bhat, M. S. & Kuchay, N. A. (2011). Watershed based drianage morphometric analysis of Lidder Catchment in Kashmir Valley Using Geographical İnformation System. Recent Research İn Science And Technology, 3(4), 118–126.
  • Melton, M. A. (1957). An analysis of the relation among elements of climate, surface properties and geomorphology. Tch. Rep. No. 11, Department of Geology, Columbia University, New York.
  • Miller, V. C. (1953). A quantitative geomorphic study of drainage basin characteristics in the clinch mountain area. Virginia and Tennessee. In: Technical Report. 3. Office of Naval Research. Department of Geology. Columbia University.
  • MTA Genel Müdürlüğü 1/100000 ölçekli jeoloji haritaları F 38 Paftası.Ankara.
  • Mesa, L. M. (2006). Morphometric analysis of a subtropical Andean basin (Tucuman, Argentina). Environmental Geology, 50 (8), 1235-1242.
  • Moore, I.D., Grayson, R.B. & Ladson, A.R. (1991). Digital Terrain Modelling: A Review of Hydrological, Geomorphological and Biological Applications. Hydrological Processes, 5(1), 3-30.
  • Morisawa, M. E. (1959). Relation of morphometric properties to runoff in the Little Mill Creek, Ohio, Drainage Basin. Tech. rep. 17. Columbia University, Department of Geology, ONR, New York
  • Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) (1972). National engineering handbook, Section 4: Hydrology. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
  • Jensen, S. K. (1991). Applications of hydrologic information automatically extracted from digital elevation models. Hydrological Process, 5(1):31–44
  • Patil., P. S. V. & Mali, P. S. (2013). Watershed charachterization and prioritization of Tulasi subwatershed: A geospatial approach. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2(6), 2182–2188.
  • Ocak, F. ve Bahadır, M. (2020). Örnek Taşkın Risk Modeli Oluşturulması ve Ünye Şehrindeki Derelere Ait Taşkın Risk Analizleri. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 80, 499-524.
  • Oruonye, E. D., Ezekiel, B. B., Atiku, H. G. , Baba, E. & Musa, N. I. (2016). Drainage basin morphometryic parameter of river Lamurde: Implication for hydrologic and geomorphic process. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 5(2), 1–11.
  • Önsoy H. (2008). “Kentleşmede Hidrolojinin Önemi.”, DSİ VII. Bölge Md. Taşkın ve Heyelen Konferansı. 24-25 Temmuz 2008, Samsun
  • Patel, A. Katiyar, K. S. Prasad, V. (2016). “Performances evaluation of different open source DEM using differential global positioning system (DGPS).”, Egyptian Joornal of Remote Sensing Space Science 19(1):7–16
  • Patton, P. C. Baker, V.R. (1976). “Morphometry and Floods in Small Drainage Basins Subject to Diverse Hydrogeomorphic Controls.”, Water Resources Research, 12(5).
  • Peltier, L. C. (1962). “Area Sampling for Terrain Analysis.”, Professional Geographer, 14: 2428.
  • Rastogi, R. A. Sharma, T. C. (1976). “Quantitative analysis of drainage basin characteristics.”, Journal Soil and Water Conservation in India, 26(1), 18-25.
  • Reddy, G. P. O. Maji, A. K. Gajbhiye, K. S. (2004). “Drainage morphometry and its influence on landform characteristics in basaltic terrain, Central lndia-a remote sensing and GIS approach.”, International Journal of Applied Observation Geoinformation, 61-16.
  • Ritter, D.F. Kochel, R.C. Miller, J.R. (1995). Process geomorphology. Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown.
  • Singh, S. Singh, M.C. (1997). “Morphometric analysis of Kanhar river basin.”, National Geographical Journal of India 43 (1), 31-43.
  • Singh, O. Sarangi, A. Sharma, M.C. (2008). “Hypsometric Integral Estimation Methods and its Relevance on Erosion Status of Northwestern Lesser Himalayan Watersheds.”, Water Resources Management, 22, 1545-1560.
  • Scheidegger, A. E. (1961). Theoretical Geomorphology, Berlin: Springer, Verlag.
  • Schults, G. A. Engman, E. T. (2000). “Present use and future perspectives of remote sensing in hydrology and water management.”, Remote Sensing and Hydrology 2000 (Proceedings of a symposium held at Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, April 2000). IAHS Publ. no. 267.
  • Schumm, S. A. (1956). “Evolution of drainage Systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey.”, Geol. Soc. Am. Bul. 67, 597-646.
  • Strahler, A. N. (1952a). “Hypsometric (area-altitude curve) Analysis of Erosional Topography.”, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63: 1117-1141.
  • Strahler, A.N. (1952b). “Dynamic Basis of Geomorphology.”, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63, 923-938.
  • Strahler, A. N. (1964). “Quantitative Geomorphology of Drainage Basins and Channel Networks,” In: V. T. Chow, Ed., Handbook of Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Section 4-11.
  • Summerfield, M. A. (1991). Global Geomorphology An Introduction to the study of landforms, Longman.
  • Sujatha, E. R. Selvakumar, R. Rajasimman, U. A. B. Victor, R. G. (2015). “Morphometric analysis of sub-watershed in parts of Western Ghats, South India using ASTER DEM.”, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 6(4), 326-341
  • Thomas, J. Joseph, S. Thrivikramji, K. P. Abe, G. (2011). “Morphometric analysis of the drainage system and its hydrological implications in the rain shadow regions, Kerala, India.”, Journal of Geographical Sciences, 21 (6), 1077-1088.
  • Tejpal (2013). “Relief analysis of the Tangri watershed in the lower Shivalik and Piedmont zone of Haryana and Punjab.”, Indian Journal of Spatial Science, 4(1), 9–20.
  • Turoğlu, H. Aykut, T. 2019, “Ergene Nehri Havzası için Hidromorfometrik Analizlerle Taşkın Duyarlılık Değerlendirmesi.”, Jeomorfolojik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2, 1-15.
  • Usul N., 2008, Mühendislik Hidrolojisi, ODTÜ Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Verstappen, H. Th. (1983). Applied Geomorphology, The Netherlands: ITC Enschede,
  • Wise, S. (2000). “Assessing the quality for hydrological applications of digital elevation models derived from contours.”, Hydrological Process, 14 (11–12), 1909–1929.
  • Yalçın M. (2013). “Sel ve Taşkına Duyarlı Alanların CBS ile Belirlenmesi: İstanbul Avrupa Yakası Örneği.”, 18.Esri Kullanıcılar Konferansı, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Yılmaz, C. (2005). “Ordu İlinin Nüfus Özellikleri”, Orta Karadeniz Kültürü, (Editörler: B.Yediyıldız - H.Kaynar - S. Küçük), Siyasal Kitabevi Yayını, (253–278), Ankara.
Toplam 71 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Vedat Avci 0000-0003-1439-3098

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Avci, V. (2023). Relationship between Basin Morphometry and Flood-Overflow: Case of Tabakhane Stream (Ünye-Ordu, Türkiye). Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.36362/gumus.941236