Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients

Iman Alsarhan; Sedat Çam

doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503

EN TR

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients

Öz

Bacterial resistance to widely used antibiotics is an emerging global health issue and causes a huge problem in burn patients. Despite important developments in antimicrobial treatments, the risk of infection-associated mortality rate in burn patients is comparatively high. Escherichia coli is one of the most common causative agents of burn wound infections. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and characterize E. coli isolates from burn wounds using the VITEK 2 system and to test their antibiotic resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics with the disc diffusion method. In our study, of 147 clinical samples obtained from burn patients, 25 (%17) were detected as positive for E. coli. All these isolates were found to be resistant to cephalothin, cephradine, piperacillin, and rifampin antibiotics. The resistance to amoxicillin+clavulanic acid and ampicillin was 96% (± 8%), which was followed by amikacin and cefotaxime with a 92% (± 11%) resistance rate. On the other hand, imipenem (96% ± 8%), tetracycline (88% ± 13%), and gentamicin (76% ± 17%) were the antibiotics that showed the highest sensitivity against E. coli isolates. The multidrug-resistant bacteria are one of the main issues for clinical applications, so their characterization is vital in developing a proper treatment strategy. This study concluded that E. coli exists in burn wounds and might cause wound infection due to its resistance to different antibiotics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibiotic, Burn wound, Identification, VITEK 2

Yanık hastalarından elde edilen Escherichia coli izolatlarının antibiyotik direnci

Öz

Yaygın olarak kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı bakteriyel direnç, gelişmekte olan küresel bir sağlık sorunudur ve yanık hastalarında büyük bir probleme neden olmaktadır. Antimikrobiyal tedavilerdeki önemli gelişmelere rağmen, yanık hastalarında enfeksiyona bağlı ölüm oranı riski nispeten yüksektir. Escherichia coli, yanık yarası enfeksiyonlarının en yaygın etkenlerinden biridir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada yanık yaralarından E. coli izolatlarının VITEK 2 sistemi kullanılarak tanımlanması, karakterize edilmesi ve en sık kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı antibiyotik dirençlerinin disk difüzyon yöntemi ile test edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda yanık hastalarından alınan 147 klinik örneğin 25'inde (%17) E. coli bakterisi saptandı. Tüm bu izolatların sefalotin, sefradin, piperasilin ve rifampin antibiyotiklere dirençli olduğu bulundu. Amoksisilin+klavulanik asit ve ampisiline direnç %96 (± %8), bunu %92 (± %11) direnç oranıyla amikasin ve sefotaksim izledi. Öte yandan E. coli izolatlarına karşı en yüksek duyarlılığı gösteren antibiyotikler ise imipenem (%96 ± %8), tetrasiklin (%88 ± %13) ve gentamisin (%76 ± %17) olmuştur. Çoklu ilaca dirençli bakteriler, klinik uygulamalar için ana konulardan biridir, bu nedenle bunların karakterizasyonu, uygun bir tedavi stratejisi geliştirmede hayati önem taşır. Bu çalışma, E. coli'nin yanık yaralarında var olduğunu ve farklı antibiyotiklere direnci nedeniyle yara enfeksiyonuna neden olabileceği sonucuna varmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibiyotik, Yanık yarası, Tanımlama, VITEK 2

Kaynakça

Atlas, R. M., Brown, A. E., & Parks, L. C. (1995). Laboratory manual of experimental microbiology (1st ed.). Mosby, St. Louis, USA.
Azzopardi, E. A., Azzopardi, E., Camilleri, L., Villapalos, J., Boyce, D. E., Dziewulski, P., Dickson, W. A., & Whitaker, I. S. (2014). Gram negative wound infection in hospitalised adult burn patients-systematic review and metanalysis. PloS One, 9, e95042. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095042
Berglund, F., Böhm, M. E., Martinsson, A., Ebmeyer, S., Österlund, T., Johnning, A., Larsson, D. G. J., & Kristiansson, E. (2020). Comprehensive screening of genomic and metagenomic data reveals a large diversity of tetracycline resistance genes. Microbial Genomics, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000455
Buelow, E., Ploy, M. C., & Dagot, C. (2021). Role of pollution on the selection of antibiotic resistance and bacterial pathogens in the environment. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 64, 117-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2021.10.005
Bunduki, G. K., Heinz, E., Phiri, V. S., Noah, P., Feasey, N., & Musaya, J. (2021). Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from urinary tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06435-7
Christaki, E., Marcou, M., & Tofarides, A. (2020). Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria: Mechanisms, evolution, and persistence. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 88, 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-019-09914-3
Espinar, M. J., Rocha, R., Ribeiro, M., Rodrigues, A. G., & Pina-Vaz, C. (2011). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae screened by the VITEK 2 system. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 60, 756-760. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.024075-0
Feklistov, A., Mekler, V., Jiang, Q., Westblade, L. F., Irschik, H., Jansen, R., Mustaev, A., Darst, S. A., & Ebright, R. H. (2008). Rifamycins do not function by allosteric modulation of binding of Mg2+ to the RNA polymerase active center. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, 14820-14825. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802822105
Goldstein, B. P. (2014). Resistance to rifampicin: The Journal of Antibiotics, 67, 625-630. https://doi.org/10.1038/ja.2014.107
Grobbelaar, M., Louw, G. E., Sampson, S. L., Van Helden, P. D., Donald, P. R., & Warren, R. M. (2019). Evolution of rifampicin treatment for tuberculosis. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 74, 103937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103937

Hamouche, L., Poljak, L., & Carpousis, A. J. (2021). Ribosomal RNA degradation induced by the bacterial RNA polymerase inhibitor rifampicin. RNA, 27, 946-958. https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.078776.121
Hansen, K. H., Andreasen, M. R., Pedersen, M. S., Westh, H., Jelsbak, L., & Schønning, K. (2019). Resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam in Escherichia coli resulting from extensive is 26-associated gene amplification of blaTEM-1. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 74, 3179-3183. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz349
Hazra, A. (2017). Using the confidence interval confidently. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 9(10), 4125–4130. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.09.14
Holt, J. G., Krieg, N. R., Sneath, P. H. A., Staley, J. T., & Williams, S. T. (Eds.). (1994). Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology (9th ed.). Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Hudzicki, J. (2009). Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol. American Society for Microbiology, 15, 55-63.
Jung, H.-R., Kim, K., & Lee, Y. J. (2021). Comparative analysis of genetic characterization of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli from bulk tank milk in Korea. Irish Veterinary Journal, 74, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00203-4
Kakoullis, L., Papachristodoulou, E., Chra, P., & Panos, G. (2021). Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in important gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens and novel antibiotic solutions. Antibiotics, 10(4), 415. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10040415
Karami, N., Nowrouzian, F., Adlerberth, I., & Wold, A. E. (2006). Tetracycline resistance in Escherichia coli and persistence in the infantile colonic microbiota. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 50, 156-161. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.50.1.156-161.2006
Lachiewicz, A. M., Hauck, C. G., Weber, D. J., Cairns, B. A., & Van Duin, D. (2017). Bacterial infections after burn injuries: Impact of multidrug resistance. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65, 2130-2136. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix682
Lee, J. H. (2019). Perspectives towards antibiotic resistance: From molecules to population. Journal of Microbiology, 57(3), 181-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-0718-8
Levy, S. B., & Marshall, B. (2004). Antibacterial resistance worldwide: Causes, challenges and responses. Nature Medicine, 10, 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1145
MacFaddin, J. F. (2000). Biochemical tests for identification of medical bacteria (3rd Ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
Mbanga, J., Abia, A. L. K., Amoako, D. G., & Essack, S. Y. (2021). Longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. from a wastewater treatment plant and its associated waters in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. Microbial Drug Resistance, 27, 904-918. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2020.0380
Moins-Teisserenc, H., Cordeiro, D. J., Audigier, V., Ressaire, Q., Benyamina, M., Lambert, J., Maki, G., Homyrda, L., Toubert, A., & Legrand, M. (2021). Severe altered immune status after burn injury is associated with bacterial infection and septic shock. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, 586195. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.586195
Mortazavi-Tabatabaei, S. A. R., Ghaderkhani, J., Nazari, A., Sayehmiri, K., Sayehmiri, F., & Pakzad, I. (2019). Pattern of antibacterial resistance in urinary tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10, 169. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_419_17
Mulder, P. P. G., Vlig, M., Boekema, B. K. H. L., Stoop, M. M., Pijpe, A., Van Zuijlen, P. P. M., De Jong, E., Van Cranenbroek, B., Joosten, I., & Koenen, H. J. P. M. (2021). Persistent systemic inflammation in patients with severe burn injury is accompanied by influx of immature neutrophils and shifts in T cell subsets and cytokine profiles. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 621222. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.621222
Nascimento, P. A. D., Kogawa, A. C., & Salgado, H. R. N. (2021). Cephalothin: Review of characteristics, properties, and status of analytical methods. Journal of AOAC International, 104(6), 1593-1608. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa163
Nessa, K., Ahmed, D., Islam, J., Kabir, F. L., & Hossain, M. A. (2007). Usefulness of a multiplex PCR for detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in a diagnostic microbiology laboratory setting. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, 1, 38–42. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v1i2.21506
Ong, A., Mahobia, N., Browning, D., Schembri, M., & Somani, B. K. (2021). Trends in antibiotic resistance for over 700,000 Escherichia coli positive urinary tract infections over six years (2014–2019) from a university teaching hospital. Central European Journal of Urology, 74(2), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2021.0053
Poirel, L., Madec, J.-Y., Lupo, A., Schink, A.-K., Kieffer, N., Nordmann, P., & Schwarz, S. (2018). Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli. Microbiology Spectrum, 6(4), 6-4. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0026-2017
Raeispour, M., & Ranjbar, R. (2018). Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and genotyping of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-018-0411-4
Schechter, L. M., Creely, D. P., Garner, C. D., Shortridge, D., Nguyen, H., Chen, L., Hanson, B. M., Sodergren, E., Weinstock, G. M., & Dunne Jr, W. M. (2018). Extensive gene amplification as a mechanism for piperacillin-tazobactam resistance in Escherichia coli. MBio, 9(2), e00583-00518. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00583-18
Shill, M. C., Huda, N. H., Moain, F. B., & Karmakar, U. K. (2010). Prevalence of uropathogens in diabetic patients and their corresponding resistance pattern: Results of a survey conducted at diagnostic centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Oman Medical Journal, 25(4), 282-285. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2010.82
Taha, Z. M., & Yassin, N. A. (2019). Prevalence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in animal products in Duhok province, Iraq. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 20(4), 255-262.
Tantisuwanno, C., Dang, F., Bender, K., Spencer, J. D., Jennings, M. E., Barton, H. A., & Joy, A. (2021). Synergism between rifampicin and cationic polyurethanes overcomes intrinsic resistance of Escherichia coli. Biomacromolecules, 22(7), 2910-2920. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00306
Verma, T., Annappa, H., Singh, S., Umapathy, S., & Nandi, D. (2021). Profiling antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli strains displaying differential antibiotic susceptibilities using Raman spectroscopy. Journal of Biophotonics, 14(1), e202000231. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202000231
Vinaik, R., Barayan, D., Shahrokhi, S., & Jeschke, M. G. (2019). Management and prevention of drug resistant infections in burn patients. Expert review of Anti-Infective Therapy, 17(8), 607-619. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2019.1648208

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Mikrobiyoloji (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Iman Alsarhan
0000-0003-0389-863X
Türkiye

Sedat Çam ^*
0000-0001-9030-6713
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Ekim 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

27 Mart 2023

Kabul Tarihi

18 Temmuz 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA28HW57TT

APA

Alsarhan, I., & Çam, S. (2023). Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(4), 780-789. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503

AMA

1.Alsarhan I, Çam S. Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;13(4):780-789. doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503

Chicago

Alsarhan, Iman, ve Sedat Çam. 2023. “Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13 (4): 780-89. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503.

EndNote

Alsarhan I, Çam S (01 Ekim 2023) Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13 4 780–789.

IEEE

[1]I. Alsarhan ve S. Çam, “Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 13, sy 4, ss. 780–789, Eki. 2023, doi: 10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503.

ISNAD

Alsarhan, Iman - Çam, Sedat. “Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13/4 (01 Ekim 2023): 780-789. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503.

JAMA

1.Alsarhan I, Çam S. Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;13:780–789.

MLA

Alsarhan, Iman, ve Sedat Çam. “Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 13, sy 4, Ekim 2023, ss. 780-9, doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503.

Vancouver

1.Iman Alsarhan, Sedat Çam. Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 01 Ekim 2023;13(4):780-9. doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1271503

Cited By

Sodium alginate/carboxymethylcellulose gel formulations containing Capparis sepieria plant extract for wound healing

Therapeutic Delivery

https://doi.org/10.1080/20415990.2024.2418800

Antibiotic susceptibility of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates and their biofilm formation capacity at varying concentrations of different antibiotics

Biologia

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-026-02165-w

e-ISSN: 2146-538X Yayın Modeli: Sürekli Yayın Atıf Dizinleri: TR Dizin , SCOPUS

Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from burn patients

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yanık hastalarından elde edilen Escherichia coli izolatlarının antibiyotik direnci

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster

Cited By

Sodium alginate/carboxymethylcellulose gel formulations containing Capparis sepieria plant extract for wound healing

Antibiotic susceptibility of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates and their biofilm formation capacity at varying concentrations of different antibiotics