Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance

Tacettin Geçkil; Talha Sarıcı; Bahadır Karabaş

doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171

EN TR

Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance

Öz

The purpose of this research is to determine the freeze–thaw performance of subgrade soils when stabilized using recycled glass powder (CT). Ensuring the durability of pavement foundations under varying climatic conditions is a key engineering requirement, especially for highways in cold regions. Sandy and clayey soils with different CT contents were prepared, and both untreated and stabilized specimens were subjected to Standard Proctor and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests after 7 days of curing. Results showed that CT addition improved strength, with optimum values at 9% CT for clayey soil and 12% CT for sandy soil. Freeze–thaw resistance was assessed by subjecting untreated and optimum CT-stabilized specimens to 3, 6, and 12 cycles, each consisting of freezing at –23°C for 24 hours and thawing at 23 ± 2°C for 23 hours. The 7-day UCS values (0 cycle) were used as references. The results showed that the strength increased by 1.82 times in clay soil samples containing 9% CT and by 1.37 times in sandy soil samples containing 12% CT. It was determined that the highest strength and weight loss occurred at the end of 12cycles. The losses decreased to 78.90% and 1.36% with 12% CT addition, and to 60.64% and 0.78% with 9% CT addition, respectively. The use of CT enhanced both the compressive strength and freeze–thaw resistance of the soils; recycled glass powder can be considered an effective stabilization material, especially for areas exposed to freeze–thaw effects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clay, Freeze–thaw test, Glass powder, Sand, Soil stabilization, Transportation geotechnics

Yol taban zeminlerinin geri dönüşümden elde edilen cam tozu ile stabilize edilmesinin donma-çözülme direncine etkisinin araştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, geri dönüşümden elde edilen cam tozu (CT) kullanılarak stabilize edilen yol taban zeminlerinin donma-çözülme direnci incelenmiştir. İnşaat mühendisliği yapıların farklı iklim koşullarına dayanıklı tasarlanması, özellikle karayollarında taban zemininin stabilizatör malzemelerle güçlendirilmesi ve bu malzemelerin donma-çözülmeye karşı direnç sağlaması kritik bir gerekliliktir. Araştırmada, kumlu ve killi zeminlerle hazırlanan katkısız ve farklı oranlarda CT içeren numuneler üzerinde standart Proktor ve 7 günlük kür sonrası serbest basınç deneyleri yapılmıştır. CT katkısının dayanımı artırdığı, optimum değerlerin killi zemin için %9, kumlu zemin için ise %12 CT oranında elde edildiği belirlenmiştir. Donma-çözülme direncini değerlendirmek için, katkısız ve optimum CT içeren numunelere 3, 6 ve 12 döngü uygulanmıştır. Numuneler her döngüde 24 saat -23 ℃’de dondurulmuş, ardından 23 ± 2 ℃’de 23 saat çözülmeye bırakılmıştır. Karşılaştırmada 7 günlük kür sonrası elde edilen değerler (0 döngü) esas alınmıştır. Sonuçlar, %9 CT içeren killi zemin numunelerinde dayanımın 1,82 kat, %12 CT içeren kumlu zemin numunelerinde ise 1,37 kat arttığını göstermiştir. En fazla dayanım ve ağırlık kaybı 12 döngü sonunda meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Kayıplar sırasıyla, %12 CT katkısıyla %78,90 ve %1,36’ya, %9 CT katkısıyla %60,64 ve %0,78’e gerilemiştir. CT ilavesi her iki zeminde de serbest basınç dayanımını ve donma-çözülme direncini arttırmış; geri dönüşüm cam tozunun etkin bir stabilizasyon malzemesi olabileceği ve özellikle donma-çözülme etkilerine maruz kalan bölgelerde etkili bir stabilizasyon malzemesi olarak değerlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kil, Donma çözülme deneyi, Cam tozu, Kum, Zemin stabilizasyonu, Ulaştırma geotekniği

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by the IU-BAP FDK-2023-3325 project of the Inonu University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordination Unit. We thank the BAP Coordination Unit for their support.

Etik Beyan

The authors of this article declare that the materials and methods used in this study do not require ethics committee approval and/or legal-special permission.

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank the BAP Coordination Unit of Inonu University for their valuable support and contributions to this study..

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İnşaat Geoteknik Mühendisliği, Ulaştırma Mühendisliği

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Tacettin Geçkil
0000-0001-8070-6836
Türkiye

Talha Sarıcı
0000-0001-8488-5851
Türkiye

Bahadır Karabaş ^*
0000-0003-0416-9121
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

26 Şubat 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

12 Ekim 2025

Kabul Tarihi

20 Şubat 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38GK46UH

APA

Geçkil, T., Sarıcı, T., & Karabaş, B. (2026). Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 179-196. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171

AMA

1.Geçkil T, Sarıcı T, Karabaş B. Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;16(1):179-196. doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171

Chicago

Geçkil, Tacettin, Talha Sarıcı, ve Bahadır Karabaş. 2026. “Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 16 (1): 179-96. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171.

EndNote

Geçkil T, Sarıcı T, Karabaş B (01 Şubat 2026) Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 16 1 179–196.

IEEE

[1]T. Geçkil, T. Sarıcı, ve B. Karabaş, “Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 16, sy 1, ss. 179–196, Şub. 2026, doi: 10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171.

ISNAD

Geçkil, Tacettin - Sarıcı, Talha - Karabaş, Bahadır. “Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 16/1 (01 Şubat 2026): 179-196. https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171.

JAMA

1.Geçkil T, Sarıcı T, Karabaş B. Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;16:179–196.

MLA

Geçkil, Tacettin, vd. “Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 16, sy 1, Şubat 2026, ss. 179-96, doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171.

Vancouver

1.Tacettin Geçkil, Talha Sarıcı, Bahadır Karabaş. Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 01 Şubat 2026;16(1):179-96. doi:10.17714/gumusfenbil.1802171

e-ISSN: 2146-538X Yayın Modeli: Sürekli Yayın Atıf Dizinleri: TR Dizin , SCOPUS

Investigation of the effect of stabilizing subgrade soils with recycled glass powder on freeze–thaw resistance

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yol taban zeminlerinin geri dönüşümden elde edilen cam tozu ile stabilize edilmesinin donma-çözülme direncine etkisinin araştırılması

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Etik Beyan

Teşekkür

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster