Kalk-alkalen Musalar Graniti'nin Petrografisi, Jeokimyası ve Yukarıgöçek (Bigadiç-Balıkesir) Ametist Oluşumun Kökeni; Kuzeybatı Anadolu (Türkiye)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 1150 - 1168, 15.10.2020

Hüseyin Şahin Zafer Aslan

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.747084

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Yukarıgöçek (Bigadiç–Balıkesir) köyündeki ametist oluşumları ve bununla ilişkili Musalar Granitinin jeolojisi ve jeokimyasının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sakarya zonunda bulunan Biga Yarımadası’da (KB Anadolu) magmatik ve volkanik faaliyetler Oligo–Miyosen döneminde yoğun olarak görülmektedir. Çalışma alanının temelini Paleozoyik yaşlı şistlerden meydana gelen Fazlıkonağı Formasyonu oluşturmaktadır. Birim, Kretase yaşlı ofiyolitik melanj tarafından tektonik olarak üzerlenmektedir. Tüm bu birimler Oligo–Miyosen yaşlı Musalar Graniti tarafından kesilmektedir. Petrografik olarak Musalar graniti orta ve iri taneli, yer yer de poikilitik dokuya sahip olup plajiyoklaz, ortoklaz, kuvars, biyotit, amfibol ve opak mineral içermektedir. Jeokimyasal olarak, yüksek potasyumlu ve kalkalkalen karekterli olup I–tipindedir. Büyük iyon yarıçaplı element ve hafif nadir toprak elementlerce zengin olup (La/Lu)N 13–34 arasında değişmektedir. Tektonik olarak, çarpışma sonrası volkanik yay granitlerinin özelliklerini göstermektedir. Plütonu oluşturan magma ise litosferik manto kökenli olup kıtasal kabuktan etkilenmiştir. Yukarıgöçek köyü civarında bulunan ametistler ofiyolitik kayaçların kırık ve çatlak sistemlerinde 4–5 cm arasında değişen damarlar şeklinde görülmektedir. Kök ve diş kısımları net olarak görülen ametistlerin rengi genellikle açık mor veya liladır. Ametistler jeokimyasal olarak çok az oranda FeO ve MnO içermektedirler. Yapılan sıvı kapanım çalışmalarında homojenleşme sıcaklık değerleri 231 oC ile 278 oC arasında olup ortalama 255 oC’dir. Çalışılan ametist örneklerinin tuzluluk değerleri ile sıvı yoğunluk değerlerinin düşük olduğu ve bunların hidrotermal yol ile oluştukları söylenebilir. Sonuç olarak, Yukarıgöçek köyü ametistleri Musalar granitinin ofiyolitik melanjı kesmesi ve beraberinde getirmiş olduğu silisçe zengin sıvı fazı 255 oC’de hidrotermal evrede ofiyolitik melanj içindeki mevcut çatlaklara bırakması ile oluştuğu değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ametist, Balıkesir, Jeokimya, Musalar Graniti, Sıvı Kapanım, Yukarıgöçek

Destekleyen Kurum

Balıkesir Üniversitesi Proje Araştırmaları Birimi

Proje Numarası

BAP Proje No: 2014/141

Teşekkür

Arazi çalışmalarındaki yardımlarından dolayı Jeoloji Yüksek Mühendisi İsmail ALTIN’a çok teşekkür ederiz. Yazarlar, makaleye yapıcı eleştiri ve görüşleriyle katkı sağlayan dergi editörleri ve hakemlere teşekkür eder.

Petrography, Geochemistry of the Calc-alkaline Musalar Granite and Origin of the Yukarıgöçek (Bigadiç-Balıkesir) Amethyst Formation; Northwest Anatolia (Turkey)

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the amethyst formations in the village of Yukarıgöçek (Bigadiç–Balıkesir) and, geology and geochemistry of the associated Musalar Granite. The magmatic and volcanic activities in the Biga Peninsula (NW Anatolia), which are found in the Sakarya zone, are intense the Oligo–Miocene period. The basement rocks of the study area is Paleozoic aged Fazlıkonağı Formation. The units are tectonically overlain by an Cretaceous aged ophiolitic melange. All these units are cut by the Oligo–Miocene age Musalar granite. Petrographically, Musalar granite has medium and coarse grains, occasionally poikilitic texture and contains plagioclase, orthoclase, quartz, biotite, amphibole and opaque minerals. Geochemically, it is high–K, calc–alkaline character and I type granitic rocks. It is rich with large Ion Lithophile Element and light rare earth elements, and the value of (La/Lu)N ranges from 13–34. Tectonically, it shows the characteristics of the after collision volcanic arc granites. The magma of pluton is lithospheric mantle origin and has been affected by the continental crust. The amethysts located in around Yukarıgöçek village have a thickness of 4–5 cm diameter in the ophiolitic rocks and are seen as veins. The color of amethysts, the roots and teeth of which are clearly visible, is usually light purple or lilac. Geochemically amethysts contain very few FeO and MnO. In the liquid inclusion studies, the homogenization temperature values are between 231 oC and 278 oC and the average is 255 oC. It can be said that the salinity and liquid density values of the studied amethyst samples are low and they are formed by hydrothermal way. As a result, the amethysts of Yukarıgöçek village could been formed by the cutting of the ophiolitic melange of Musalar granite and the siliceous rich liquid phase comes in the existing cracks in the ophiolitic melange in the hydrothermal phase at 255 oC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amethyst, Balıkesir, Geochemistry, Musalar Granite, Liquid Inclusion, Yukarıgöçek

Proje Numarası

BAP Proje No: 2014/141

Kaynakça

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