Kumlu zeminden oluşan bir şevin stabilitesine şev açısı ve yüksekliğinin etkisinin sayısal olarak incelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 664 - 675, 15.04.2022

Nichirvan Ramadhan Taher , Mesut Gör , Hüseyin Suha Aksoy , Halmat Ahmed

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1051741

Cited By: 2

Öz

İnşaat mühendisliği uygulamalarında şev stabilitesi sorunları çok yaygın olup özellikle baraj, otoyol, tünel vb. projelerin uygulamalarında sıklıkla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, granüler (daneli) sıkı bir zemin tabakası üzerine oturan gevşek daneli bir zemin tabakasının olduğu bir zemin profili esas alınarak şev yüksekliği (H) ve şev açısı (β) değişiminin şev duraylılığı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla tam ölçekli bir şevde çok sayıda sonlu elemanlar analizi yapılmıştır. Analizlerde sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) ile çalışan Plaxis 2D programı kullanılmıştır. İki granüler zemin, gelişmiş bir elastoplastic gerilme-şekil değiştirme modeli olan doğrusal olmayan bir pekleşen zemin modeli (hardening soil model) ile tanımlanmıştır. Altı farklı şev açısı incelenmiş olup her açı için altı farklı şev yüksekliği seçilmiştir. Toplamda on iki seri sayısal analiz yapılmıştır. İlk altı seride şevin tepesinde herhangi bir sürşarj yükü olmadığı varsayılmıştır. İkinci altı seride ise sürşarj yükünün etkisi de araştırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, şev yüksekliği ve eğim açısının şevin güvenlik katsayısı (FS) üzerinde önemli etkileri olduğu bulunmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, yenilme yüzeylerinin çoğunun dairesel olduğu ve yüzeysel (sığ) kayma olarak sınıflandırılabileceği görülmüştür. Şev yüksekliğinin ve şev açısının artması ile FS’nin azaldığı gözlemlenmiş olup bunun tersi durumda ise FS’nin arttığı görülmektedir. İlaveten, gevşek daneli zeminlerden oluşan şevlerin FS'sini kolayca tahmin etmek için eğriler ve çizelgeler önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gevşek granüler zemin, Güvenlik katsayısı, Plaxis 2D, Şev açısı, Şev duraylılığı

Numerical investigation of the effect of slope angle and height on the stability of a slope composed of sandy soil

Öz

Slope stability issues are very frequently in civil engineering applications and are commonly encountered in huge and significant projects such as dams, highways and tunnels, etc. This study examines the impact of slope height (H) and slope angle (β) on the stability of loose granular soil slope underlined by dense granular soil layer. For this purpose, a number of finite element analyses were conducted on a full-scale soil slope. The computer program Plaxis 2D code was used which is based on the finite element method (FEM). The granular soils were described by non-linear hardening soil model, which is an advanced elastoplastic stress-strain constitutive soil model. Six different slope angles were investigated and for each angle, six different heights were chosen. In total, twelve series of numerical analyses were executed. In the first six series, it was assumed that there is no surcharge load on the top of the slope. In the second six series, the effect of surcharge load was also investigated. According to numerical analysis results, it was found that the slope height and slope angle have a considerable effect on the safety factor (FS) of the slope. It was also noticed that most of the failure surfaces of the slope were circular and classified as face slope failure. It was observed that by increasing slope height and the slope angle, the FS of the slope decreases and vice versa. In addition, curves and charts have been proposed to easily estimate the FS of loose granular soil slope.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Loose granular soil, Safety factor, Plaxis 2D, Slope angle, Slope stability

Kaynakça

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