Atık soda cam dolgusu kullanılarak poliüretan köpüklerin ses iletim kaybının artırılması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4, 1274 - 1286, 15.12.2024

Ayşenur Yeşilyurt

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1549633

Öz

Ses iletim mekanizmaları ve ses iletim kayıpları, akustik konforun sağlanmasında büyük önem taşır. Araştırmalar, ses iletim kaybını azaltacak malzeme ve yapılar geliştirmeye odaklanmıştır. Artan atık miktarı ekolojik dengeyi bozar; bu durum küresel ısınmayı, hava ve toprak kirliliğini beraberinde getirir. Bu çevresel etkiler, başta insan olmak üzere tüm canlıların yaşamını olumsuz etkiler ve ekonomiye de zarar verir. Küresel kirlilikle mücadele, bilim insanlarının öncelikli hedeflerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Geri dönüşüm, hem insan sağlığını hem de doğal kaynakları korumanın yanı sıra ekonomik açıdan da önemli faydalar sağlar. Bu çalışmada, otomotiv endüstrisi ve diğer birçok alanda kullanılan poliüretan köpükler, izosiyanat/poliol oranı sabit tutularak çeşitli oranlarda atık soda camı tozu eklenerek üretilmiştir. Üretilen köpüklerin dayanıklılıkları görünür yoğunluk ölçümü, ıslanabilirlikleri temas açısı analizi, organik bağ yapıları FT-IR spektroskopisi ve akustik özellikleri ses iletim kaybı analizi ile test edilmiştir. Soda camı tozunun köpükler ile reaksiyona girmediği, üretilen köpüklerin hidrofobik özellik gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Katkılı köpüklerin akustik özellikleri katkısız köpüğe göre neredeyse tüm frekans aralığında (65-6300 Hz) daha yüksek çıkmıştır. PU-SG4 kodlu numune, düşük, orta ve yüksek frekans bölgelerinde sırasıyla 9.28 dB, 9.10 dB ve 13.48 dB değerlerine ulaşarak en iyi akustik özellikleri sergileyen numunedir. Yüksek frekans aralığı bölgesinde soda cam katkılı köpük kompozitlerin tamamı 13 dB'nin üzerinde ses iletim kaybına ulaşmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Poliüretan köpük, Ses iletim kaybı, Atık soda camı

Enhancing sound transmission loss of polyurethane foams using waste soda glass filler

Öz

Sound transmission mechanisms and sound transmission losses are of great importance in providing acoustic comfort. Research has focused on developing materials and structures that will reduce sound transmission loss. The increasing amount of waste disrupts the ecological balance; this situation brings about global warming, air and soil pollution. These environmental effects negatively affect the lives of all living things, especially humans, and also harm the economy. Combating global pollution has become one of the primary goals of scientists. Recycling provides significant economic benefits as well as protecting both human health and natural resources. In this study, polyurethane foams used in the automotive industry and many other areas were produced by adding waste soda glass powder at various rates while keeping the isocyanate/polyol ratio constant. The durability of the produced foams was tested by apparent density measurement, wettability by contact angle analysis, organic bond structures by FT-IR spectroscopy and acoustic properties by sound transmission loss analysis. It was determined that soda glass powder did not react with the foams and that the produced foams exhibited hydrophobic properties. The acoustic properties of the filler foams were higher than the neat foam in almost the entire frequency range (65-6300 Hz). The sample coded PU-SG4 is the sample that exhibits the best acoustic properties by reaching 9.28 dB, 9.10 dB and 13.48 dB values in the low, medium and high frequency regions, respectively. In the high frequency range region, all of the soda glass added foam composites reached a sound transmission loss of over 13 dB.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Polyurethane foam, Sound transmission loss, Waste soda glass

Etik Beyan

The author declares that the materials and methods used in this study do not require ethics committee approval and/or special legal permission.

Teşekkür

I would like to thank “Fompak Ambalaj Ve Poliüretan San. Ve Tic. A.Ş.” company for their support for chemicals. The author sincerely thanks the valuable Editor and Referees for their contributions during the review and evaluation of the manuscript.

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