Petrographic and geochemical characteristics of magmatic rocks of the I-type Çaltı Pluton (Kemaliye, Erzincan)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 380 - 396, 15.06.2025

Mustafa Eren Rizeli

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1592459

Öz

This research aims to reveal the geochemical characteristics and magma origin of the Çaltı Pluton located in the eastern part of the Tauride-Anatolide platform For this purpose, new interpretations were made regarding the magma source and origin, using whole-rock major oxide and trace element data of rocks representing the pluton. Stratigraphically, there are low-grade metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic-Lower Mesozoic, Upper Triassic-Upper Cretaceous allochthonous Munzur Limestones, Cretaceous ophiolitic units, Eocene Çaltı Pluton, Oligocene-Middle Miocene sedimentary rocks and Upper Miocene-Pliocene volcanic rocks. The studied Çaltı Pluton host rocks are granodiorite and granodiorite porphyry, and mafic microgranular enclaves (MMe) are monzodiorite in composition. Granodiorites and MMEs exhibit holocrystalline, and granodiorite porphyries exhibit microgranular porphyritic texture. In addition to dissolution melting textures, poikilitic textures are commonly seen in these rocks. The rocks forming the Çaltı Pluton have I type, calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline properties and generally have a metaluminous character. On the primitive mantle-normalised trace element patterns, a positive correlation is observed for large ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as Rb, Ba, K and Sr and a negative correlation is observed for high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Nb, Ti, Ta, P. When the all data were evaluated, it was determined that the parent magma of the granodiorite and granodiorite porphyries of the Çaltı Pluton was formed by partial melting in the range of 1% to 3% starting from a source with phlogopite spinel-lherzolite composition representing shallow depths and that both fractional crystallization and crustal contamination played an active role in the formation of the studied rocks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çaltı Pluton , Eocene , Fractional crystallization , I-type magmatism , Crustal contamination , Kemaliye , Petrogenesis

I-tipi Çaltı Plütonu'na (Kemaliye, Erzincan) ait magmatik kayaçların petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri

Öz

Bu araştırma, Torid-Anatolid platformunun doğu kısmında yer alan Çaltı Plütonu’nun jeokimyasal karakteristiğini ve magma kökenini ortaya çıkartmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla plütonu temsil eden kayaçların tüm kayaç ana oksit ve iz element verileri kullanılarak magmanın kaynağı ve kökeni konusunda yeni yorumlar yapılmıştır. Stratigrafik olarak Paleozoyik-Alt Mezozoyik yaşlı düşük dereceli metamorfik kayaçlar, Üst Triyas-Üst Kretase yaşlı allokton Munzur Kireçtaşları, Kretase yaşlı ofiyolitik birimler, Eosen yaşlı Çaltı Plütonu, Oligosen-Orta Miyosen yaşlı sedimanter kayaçlar ve Üst Miyosen-Pliyosen yaşlı volkanik kayaçlar bulunmaktadır. İncelenen Çaltı Plütonu ana kayaçları granodiyorit ve granodiyorit porfir, mafik mikrogranüler anklavları (MMA) monzodiyorit bileşimindedir. Granodiyorit ve MMA'lar holokristalen, granodiyorit porfirler ise mikrogranüler porfirik doku sergilemektedir. Erime ve çözünme dokuları yanı sıra poikilitik dokular bu kayaçlarda yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Çaltı Plütonu’nu oluşturan kayaçlar I tipi, kalkalkalenden yüksek-K kalkalkalene değişen özelliklerde olup genellikle metalüminalı bir karakter sergiler. İncelenen kayaçların ilksel mantoya normalize edilmiş iz element dağılımları incelendiğinde Rb, Ba, K, Sr gibi büyük iyon yarıçaplı elementlerde (BİYE) pozitif bir ilişki; Nb, Ti, Ta, P gibi yüksek çekim alanlı element (YÇAE) açısından ise negatif bir ilişki görülmektedir. Tüm veriler değerlendirildiğinde, Çaltı Plütonu’na ait granodiyorit ve granodiyorit porfirlerin ana magmasının, sığ derinlikleri temsil eden flogopit spinel-lerzolit bileşimli bir kaynaktan itibaren %1 ilâ %3 aralığında kısmi ergime ile oluştuğu ve incelenen kayaçların oluşumunda hem fraksiyonel kristalleşme hem de kabuksal kirlenmenin etkin rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çaltı Plütonu , Eosen , Fraksiyonel kristalleşme , I-tipi magmatizma , Kabuksal kirlenme , Kemaliye , Petrojenez

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