Farklı bitki türlerinin ağır metal içerikleri üzerine taş ocaklarının etkisinin değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 432 - 450, 15.06.2025

Şule Güzel İzmirli

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1607018

Cited By: 1

Öz

Çevre kirliliği insanlığın karşı karşıya olduğu en büyük tehdittir; hastalık ve ölümlerin en önde gelen nedeni olarak kabul edilmektedir. Taş ocağı ve madencilik faaliyetleri gibi antropojenik uygulamalar bitki topluluğunun yapısını ve işleyişini değiştirebilir. Bu çalışmada, aktif ve pasif taş ocağı istasyonlarının otsu ve odunsu bitki türlerinin ağır metal içerikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Taş ocağı madenciliğinin çevresel etkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için otsu (Juncus effusus subsp. effusus) ve odunsu (Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata) bitki örneklerinde krom (Cr), demir (Fe), nikel (Ni), bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn), arsenik (As), kurşun (Pb) ve mangan (Mn) içerikleri indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-kütle spektrometresi (ICP-MS) ile analiz edildi. Juncus effusus subsp. effusus ve Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata’nın Cr, Fe, Cu, As, Pb ve Mn içeriklerinde P < 0.01, Ni içeriklerinde ise P <0.05 seviyesinde anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edildi ve Mn elementi hariç en yüksek ağır metal içerikleri Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata ’da bulundu. En düşük ve en yüksek ağır metal konsantrasyonları sırasıyla yıkanmış ve yıkanmamış örneklerde belirlendi. Aktif taş ocağı istasyonundan alınan bitki örneklerinde yüksek seviyede ağır metal konsantrasyonları bulunurken, en düşük konsantrasyonların ise temiz alanlardan alınan örneklerde olduğu tespit edildi. Cu, Mn, Fe ve Zn konsantrasyonlarının literatürde belirtilen maksimum izin verilebilir limitin üzerinde olduğu, bitkilerin aktif olarak işleyişte olan taş ocaklarından etkilendiği ve zamanla bitki yüzeylerinde ağır metal birikiminin olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağır metal , Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata , Juncus effusus subsp. effusus , Rize , Taş ocağı

Evaluation of the effect of quarries on heavy metal contents of different plant species

Öz

Environmental pollution is the greatest threat facing humanity and is recognised as the leading cause of disease and death. Anthropogenic practices such as quarrying and mining activities can alter the structure and functioning of the plant community. In this study, the effects of active and passive quarry stations on heavy metal contents of herbaceous and woody plant species were investigated. Chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn) contents in herbaceous (Juncus effusus subsp. effusus) and woody (Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata) plant samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to reveal the environmental impacts of quarry mining. Significant differences were detected at the P < 0.01 level in Cr, Fe, Cu, As, Pb and Mn contents and at the P < 0.05 level in Ni contents of Juncus effusus subsp. effusus and Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata and the highest heavy metal contents, except for Mn were found in Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata. The lowest and highest heavy metal concentrations were determined in washed and unwashed samples, respectively. While high concentrations of heavy metals were found in plant samples taken from the active quarry station, the lowest concentrations were found in samples taken from clean areas. It was concluded that Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn concentrations were above the maximum permissible limits stated in the literature, plants were affected by actively operating quarries and heavy metal accumulation occurred on plant surfaces over time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heavy metal , Alnus glutinosa subsp. barbata , Juncus effusus subsp. effusus , Rize , Quarry

Kaynakça

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