Mix Reality in Reducing Operational Anxiety
Yıl 2022,
, 339 - 345, 19.03.2022
Aydanur Aydın
,
Ayşe Serpici
,
Ayla Gürsoy
Öz
Augmented reality and virtual reality are some of the innovative products found in the healthcare industry. The use of these products in the hospital environment is becoming widespread today. The use of these methods can contribute to changing the diagnosis or treatment experiences that cause individuals to experience negative emotions with these products with different areas of use. In addition, it is predicted that both methods can produce effective results in the fields of health education in individuals, developing desired behavior in health management, preparing and disseminating programs for patient information and behavioral changes. It has been determined that these technologies, which produce effective results in the management of stress and anxiety, have similar results in the operating room. The article discusses the results of using virtual and augmented reality technologies for different purposes in healthcare. The information discussed is expected to raise awareness of the usage areas of the technologies in question and to shed light on studies for different areas of use.
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization. (2011). Health technology assessment of medical devices WHO Medical device technical series Switzerland: World Health Organization, Switzerland.
- 2. National Center for Health Statistics. Health (2017). With special feature on mortality. Hyattsville: National Center for Health Statistics, United States.
- 3. Mulugeta, H, Ayana, M, Sintayehu, M, Dessie, G, and Zewdu, T. (2018). "Preoperative Anxiety And Associated Factors Among Adult Surgical Patients In Debre Markos And Felege Hiwot Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia". BMC anesthesiology, 18 (1), 1-9.
- 4. Fernandes, Â, Barros, L, Barreira, J. C, Antonio, A. L, Oliveira, M. B. P, Martins, A. and Ferreira, I. C. (2013). "Effects of Different Processing Technologies on Chemical And Antioxidant Parameters of Macrolepiota Procera Wild Mushroom". LWT-Food Science and Technology. 54 (2), 493-499.
- 5. Yesilyurt, D. S. and Findik, U. Y. (2019). "Effect Of Preoperative Video Information On Anxiety And Satisfaction In Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery". CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 37 (8), 430-436. https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000505
- 6. Jlala, H, French, J, Foxall, G, Hardman, J. and Bedforth, N. (2010). "Effect of Preoperative Multimedia Information on Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Procedures Under Regional Anaesthesia". British Journal of Anaesthesia, 104 (3), 369-374.
- 7. Malloy K. M. and Milling L. S. (2010). "The Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality Distraction For Pain Reduction: A Systematic Review". Clinical psychology review, 30 (8), 1011-1018.
- 8. Eberhart, L, Aust, H, Schuster, M, Sturm, T, Gehling, M, Euteneuer, F. and Rüsch, D. (2020). "Preoperative Anxiety In Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study On Specific Fears And Risk Factors". BMC psychiatry, 20, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02552-w
- 9. Kehlet, H. (2020). "Enhanced Postoperative Recovery: Good From Afar, But Far From Good?" Anaesthesia, 75, 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14860
- 10. Li, L, Yu, F, Shi, D, Shi, J, Tian, Z, Yang, J. and Jiang, Q. (2017). "Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Medicine". American journal of translational research, 9 (9), 3867.
- 11. Özdemir, H. İ, Çakmak, B, Yol, Ş, Özdemir, H. E. and Özdemir, N. C. (2020). "Virtual Reality-Based Medical
Device Education". TıpTekno’20. İzmir, 404-407. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIPTEKNO50054.2020.9299234
- 12. Aslan, R. (2017). "Uluslararası Rekabette Yeni İmkânlar: Sanal Gerçeklik, Artırılmış Gerçeklik Ve Hologram". Ayrıntı Dergisi, 5 (49), 1-6.
- 13. Hamacher, A, Whangbo T. K, Kim, S. J, Chung, K. J. (2018). "Virtual Reality and Simulation for Progressive Treatments In Urology". International neurourology journal, 22 (3), 151. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1836210.105
- 14. Lam, C. K, Sundaraj K. and Sulaiman, M. N. (2013). "Virtual Reality Simulator for Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery Education and Training". Procedia Computer Science, 18, 742-748.
- 15. Lattie, E. G, Nicholas, J, Knapp, A. A, Skerl, J. J, Kaiser, S. M. and Mohr, D. C. (2020). "Opportunities for and Tensions Surrounding The Use of Technology-Enabled Mental Health Services in Community Mental Health Care". Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 47 (1), 138-149.
- 16. Sampaio, M, Haro, M. V. N, De Sousa, B, Melo, WV, Hoffman, H. G. (2021). "Therapists Make the Switch to Telepsychology to Safely Continue Treating Their Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Virtual Reality Telepsychology May Be Next. Frontiers in virtual reality, 1, 576421. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2020.576421
- 17. Bin, S, Masood, S, Jung, Y. (2020). "Virtual and Augmented Reality In Medicine". Biomedical Information Technology: Elsevier, 673-686. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen. 71963
- 18. Mladenovic, R, Pereira, L, Mladenovic, K, Videnovic, N, Bukumiric, Z. and Mladenovic, J. (2019). "Effectiveness of Augmented Reality Mobile Simulator In Teaching Local Anesthesia of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block". Journal of dental education, 83 (4), 423-428.
- 19. Hoffman, H. G, Garcia-Palacios, A, Patterson, D.R, Jensen, M, Furness III, T. and Ammons Jr, WF. (2001). "The effectiveness Of Virtual Reality For Dental Pain Control: A Case Study". CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4 (4), 527-535.
- 20. Kim, Y, Kim, S. and Myoung, H. (2011). "Musical Intervention Reduces Patients' Anxiety in Surgical Extraction of An Impacted Mandibular Third Molar". J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 69 (4), 1036-1045.
- 21. Ottaviani, S, Bernard, J. L, Bardin, T. and Richette, P. (2012). "Effect of Music on Anxiety and Pain During Joint Lavage for Knee Osteoarthritis". Clin Rheumatol, 31 (3), 531-534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-011-1925-9.
- 22. Herrera-Espineira C, Rodriguez del Aguila Mdel M, Rodriguez del Castillo M, Valdivia AF, Sanchez IR. (2009). "Relationship Between Anxiety Level Of Patients And Their Satisfaction With Different Aspects Of Healthcare". Health Policy, 89 (1), 37-45.
- 23. Tepper, O. M, Rudy, H. L., Lefkowitz, A, Weimer, K. A, Marks, S. M, Stern, C. S. and Garfein, E. S (2017). "Mixed Reality with HoloLens: Where Virtual Reality Meets Augmented Reality in the Operating Room". Plast Reconstr Surg, 140 (5), 1066-1070.
- 24. Faruki, A, Nguyen, T, Proeschel, S, Levy, N, Yu, J, Ip, V., and O’Gara B. (2019). "Virtual Reality As An Adjunct To Anesthesia In The Operating Room". Trials, 20 (1), 782.
- 25. Benner, P. (2012). "Educating Nurses: A Call For Radical Transformation—How Far Have We Come?". Journal of Nursing Education, 51 (4), 183-184.
- 26. Kim, W. S, Cho, S, Ku, J, Kim, Y, Lee, K, Hwang, H. J. and Paik, N. J. (2020). "Clinical Application of Virtual Reality for Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitation in Stroke: Review of Technologies and Clinical Evidence". Journal of clinical medicine, 9 (10), 3369. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm 91033 69.
- 27. Cleanroomnews. Available at: http://www.cleanroomnews. org/artirilmis-gerceklik-saglikta-devrim-yaratacak. Accessed 14.09.2020.
- 28. Turrado, V, Guzmán, Y, Jiménez-Lillo, J, Villegas, E, de Lac, F. B, Blanch, J. and Lacy, A. (2021). "Exposure To Virtual Reality As A Tool To Reduce Peri-Operative Anxiety In Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial". Surgical Endoscopy, 35, 4042–4047.
- 29. Koo, C. H, Park, J. W, Ryu, J. H. and Han, S. H. (2020). "The Effect of Virtual Reality on Preoperative Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials". Journal of clinical medicine, 9 (10), 3151.
- 30. Eijlers, R, Dierckx, B, Staals, L. M, Berghmans, J. M, van der Schroeff, M.P, Strabbing, E.M, and Utens, E.M. (2019). "Virtual Reality Exposure Before Elective Day Care Surgery To Reduce Anxiety And Pain in Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial". European journal of anaesthesiology, 36 (10), 728.
- 31. Ryu, J. H, Oh AY, Yoo, H. J, Kim, J. H, Park, J. W. and Han SH. (2019). "The Effect of An Immersive Virtual Reality Tour of The Operating Theater on Emergence Delirium In Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Pediatric Anesthesia, 29 (1), 98-105.
- 32. Ganry, L, Hersant, B, Sidahmed-Mezi, M, Dhonneur, G. and Meningaud, J. P. (2018). "Using Virtual Reality to Control Preoperative Anxiety in Ambulatory Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study in Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery". Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 119 (4), 257-261.
- 33. Chuang, M. F, Tung, H. H, Clinciu, D. L, Huang, J. S, Iqbal U, Chang, C. J. and Li, Y. C. (2016). "The Effect of An Integrated Education Model on Anxiety and Uncertainty in Patients Undergoing Cervical Disc Herniation Surgery". Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 133, 17-23.
- 34. Ottaviani, S, Jean-Luc, B, Thomas, B. and Pascal R. (2012). "Effect of Music on Anxiety and Pain During Joint Lavage For Knee Osteoarthritis". Clinical Rheumatology, 31 (3), 531-534.
- 35. Kim, Y-K, Kim, S-M. and Myoung, H. (2011). "Musical Intervention Reduces Patients' Anxiety in Surgical Extraction of An Impacted Mandibular Third Molar". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surger, 69 (4), 1036-1045.
- 36. Jlala, H. A, French, J. L, Foxall, G, Hardman, J. and Bedforth, N. (2010). "Effect Of Preoperative Multimedia Information on Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Procedures Under Regional Anaesthesia". British Journal of Anaesthesia, 104 (3), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeq002.
- 37. Alirezaei N, Ashjaei B, Shahrivar Z, Moharari F, Mahmoudi-gharaei J, Parizad J. (2008). "Effect Of Preoperative Play Interventions On Post Surgery Anxiety". Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 3 (4), 20-24.
- 38. Mott J., Bucolo S., Cuttle L., Mill J., Hilder M., Miller K., and Kimble R. M. (2008). "The Efficacy Of An Augmented Virtual Reality System To Alleviate Pain In Children Undergoing Burns Dressing Changes: A Randomised Controlled Trial". Burns, 34 (6), 803-808.
- 39. Eijlers, R, Utens, E.M, Staals, L. M, Pieter, F.A, Berghmans, J. M, Wijnen, R. M.H, Hillegers, M. H, Dierckx, B. and Legerstee JS. (2019). "Meta-Analysis: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Virtual Reality In Pediatrics: Effects On Pain And Anxiety". Anesthesia and Analgesia, 129 (5), 1344.
- 40. Öner, S. (2021). Hemşirelik Bakımında Artılımış ve Sanal Gerçeklik. In: Editör Aydın A, (Ed). "Bakım Kalitesini İyileştirmede İnovasyon" (233-242). Akademisyen Kitabevi A.Ş. /Ankara: Akademisyen Yayınevi.
Ameliyata Bağlı Anksiyeteyi Azaltmada Karma Gerçeklik
Yıl 2022,
, 339 - 345, 19.03.2022
Aydanur Aydın
,
Ayşe Serpici
,
Ayla Gürsoy
Öz
Artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik sağlık sektöründe yer bulan yenilikçi ürünlerden bazılarıdır. Bu ürünlerin hastane ortamında kullanımı günümüzde oldukça yaygınlaşmaktadır. Farklı kullanım alanları bulunan bu ürünlerle bireylerin olumsuz duygular yaşamasına neden olan tanı ya da tedavi deneyimlerini değiştirmede bu yöntemlerin kullanılması katkı sağlayabilir. Ayrıca her iki yöntemin de bireylerde sağlık eğitimi, sağlığın yönetiminde istendik davranışı geliştirme, hasta bilgilendirmesi ve davranış değişiklikleri için programların hazırlanması ve yaygınlaştırılması alanlarında etkili sonuçlar oluşturabileceği öngörülmektedir. Stres ve anksiyete yönetiminde etkili sonuçlar oluşturan bu teknolojilerin ameliyathanede de benzer sonuçlar oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Makale sanal ve artırılmış gerçeklik teknolojilerinin sağlık alanında farklı amaçlarla kullanımına ilişkin sonuçları ele almaktadır. Ele alınan bilgilerin, söz konusu teknolojilerin kullanım alanlarına ilişkin farkındalık oluşturması ve farklı kullanım alanları için çalışmalara ışık tutması beklenmektedir.
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization. (2011). Health technology assessment of medical devices WHO Medical device technical series Switzerland: World Health Organization, Switzerland.
- 2. National Center for Health Statistics. Health (2017). With special feature on mortality. Hyattsville: National Center for Health Statistics, United States.
- 3. Mulugeta, H, Ayana, M, Sintayehu, M, Dessie, G, and Zewdu, T. (2018). "Preoperative Anxiety And Associated Factors Among Adult Surgical Patients In Debre Markos And Felege Hiwot Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia". BMC anesthesiology, 18 (1), 1-9.
- 4. Fernandes, Â, Barros, L, Barreira, J. C, Antonio, A. L, Oliveira, M. B. P, Martins, A. and Ferreira, I. C. (2013). "Effects of Different Processing Technologies on Chemical And Antioxidant Parameters of Macrolepiota Procera Wild Mushroom". LWT-Food Science and Technology. 54 (2), 493-499.
- 5. Yesilyurt, D. S. and Findik, U. Y. (2019). "Effect Of Preoperative Video Information On Anxiety And Satisfaction In Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery". CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 37 (8), 430-436. https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000505
- 6. Jlala, H, French, J, Foxall, G, Hardman, J. and Bedforth, N. (2010). "Effect of Preoperative Multimedia Information on Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Procedures Under Regional Anaesthesia". British Journal of Anaesthesia, 104 (3), 369-374.
- 7. Malloy K. M. and Milling L. S. (2010). "The Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality Distraction For Pain Reduction: A Systematic Review". Clinical psychology review, 30 (8), 1011-1018.
- 8. Eberhart, L, Aust, H, Schuster, M, Sturm, T, Gehling, M, Euteneuer, F. and Rüsch, D. (2020). "Preoperative Anxiety In Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study On Specific Fears And Risk Factors". BMC psychiatry, 20, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02552-w
- 9. Kehlet, H. (2020). "Enhanced Postoperative Recovery: Good From Afar, But Far From Good?" Anaesthesia, 75, 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.14860
- 10. Li, L, Yu, F, Shi, D, Shi, J, Tian, Z, Yang, J. and Jiang, Q. (2017). "Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Medicine". American journal of translational research, 9 (9), 3867.
- 11. Özdemir, H. İ, Çakmak, B, Yol, Ş, Özdemir, H. E. and Özdemir, N. C. (2020). "Virtual Reality-Based Medical
Device Education". TıpTekno’20. İzmir, 404-407. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIPTEKNO50054.2020.9299234
- 12. Aslan, R. (2017). "Uluslararası Rekabette Yeni İmkânlar: Sanal Gerçeklik, Artırılmış Gerçeklik Ve Hologram". Ayrıntı Dergisi, 5 (49), 1-6.
- 13. Hamacher, A, Whangbo T. K, Kim, S. J, Chung, K. J. (2018). "Virtual Reality and Simulation for Progressive Treatments In Urology". International neurourology journal, 22 (3), 151. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1836210.105
- 14. Lam, C. K, Sundaraj K. and Sulaiman, M. N. (2013). "Virtual Reality Simulator for Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery Education and Training". Procedia Computer Science, 18, 742-748.
- 15. Lattie, E. G, Nicholas, J, Knapp, A. A, Skerl, J. J, Kaiser, S. M. and Mohr, D. C. (2020). "Opportunities for and Tensions Surrounding The Use of Technology-Enabled Mental Health Services in Community Mental Health Care". Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 47 (1), 138-149.
- 16. Sampaio, M, Haro, M. V. N, De Sousa, B, Melo, WV, Hoffman, H. G. (2021). "Therapists Make the Switch to Telepsychology to Safely Continue Treating Their Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic". Virtual Reality Telepsychology May Be Next. Frontiers in virtual reality, 1, 576421. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2020.576421
- 17. Bin, S, Masood, S, Jung, Y. (2020). "Virtual and Augmented Reality In Medicine". Biomedical Information Technology: Elsevier, 673-686. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen. 71963
- 18. Mladenovic, R, Pereira, L, Mladenovic, K, Videnovic, N, Bukumiric, Z. and Mladenovic, J. (2019). "Effectiveness of Augmented Reality Mobile Simulator In Teaching Local Anesthesia of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block". Journal of dental education, 83 (4), 423-428.
- 19. Hoffman, H. G, Garcia-Palacios, A, Patterson, D.R, Jensen, M, Furness III, T. and Ammons Jr, WF. (2001). "The effectiveness Of Virtual Reality For Dental Pain Control: A Case Study". CyberPsychology & Behavior, 4 (4), 527-535.
- 20. Kim, Y, Kim, S. and Myoung, H. (2011). "Musical Intervention Reduces Patients' Anxiety in Surgical Extraction of An Impacted Mandibular Third Molar". J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 69 (4), 1036-1045.
- 21. Ottaviani, S, Bernard, J. L, Bardin, T. and Richette, P. (2012). "Effect of Music on Anxiety and Pain During Joint Lavage for Knee Osteoarthritis". Clin Rheumatol, 31 (3), 531-534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-011-1925-9.
- 22. Herrera-Espineira C, Rodriguez del Aguila Mdel M, Rodriguez del Castillo M, Valdivia AF, Sanchez IR. (2009). "Relationship Between Anxiety Level Of Patients And Their Satisfaction With Different Aspects Of Healthcare". Health Policy, 89 (1), 37-45.
- 23. Tepper, O. M, Rudy, H. L., Lefkowitz, A, Weimer, K. A, Marks, S. M, Stern, C. S. and Garfein, E. S (2017). "Mixed Reality with HoloLens: Where Virtual Reality Meets Augmented Reality in the Operating Room". Plast Reconstr Surg, 140 (5), 1066-1070.
- 24. Faruki, A, Nguyen, T, Proeschel, S, Levy, N, Yu, J, Ip, V., and O’Gara B. (2019). "Virtual Reality As An Adjunct To Anesthesia In The Operating Room". Trials, 20 (1), 782.
- 25. Benner, P. (2012). "Educating Nurses: A Call For Radical Transformation—How Far Have We Come?". Journal of Nursing Education, 51 (4), 183-184.
- 26. Kim, W. S, Cho, S, Ku, J, Kim, Y, Lee, K, Hwang, H. J. and Paik, N. J. (2020). "Clinical Application of Virtual Reality for Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitation in Stroke: Review of Technologies and Clinical Evidence". Journal of clinical medicine, 9 (10), 3369. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm 91033 69.
- 27. Cleanroomnews. Available at: http://www.cleanroomnews. org/artirilmis-gerceklik-saglikta-devrim-yaratacak. Accessed 14.09.2020.
- 28. Turrado, V, Guzmán, Y, Jiménez-Lillo, J, Villegas, E, de Lac, F. B, Blanch, J. and Lacy, A. (2021). "Exposure To Virtual Reality As A Tool To Reduce Peri-Operative Anxiety In Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial". Surgical Endoscopy, 35, 4042–4047.
- 29. Koo, C. H, Park, J. W, Ryu, J. H. and Han, S. H. (2020). "The Effect of Virtual Reality on Preoperative Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials". Journal of clinical medicine, 9 (10), 3151.
- 30. Eijlers, R, Dierckx, B, Staals, L. M, Berghmans, J. M, van der Schroeff, M.P, Strabbing, E.M, and Utens, E.M. (2019). "Virtual Reality Exposure Before Elective Day Care Surgery To Reduce Anxiety And Pain in Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial". European journal of anaesthesiology, 36 (10), 728.
- 31. Ryu, J. H, Oh AY, Yoo, H. J, Kim, J. H, Park, J. W. and Han SH. (2019). "The Effect of An Immersive Virtual Reality Tour of The Operating Theater on Emergence Delirium In Children Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Pediatric Anesthesia, 29 (1), 98-105.
- 32. Ganry, L, Hersant, B, Sidahmed-Mezi, M, Dhonneur, G. and Meningaud, J. P. (2018). "Using Virtual Reality to Control Preoperative Anxiety in Ambulatory Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study in Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery". Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 119 (4), 257-261.
- 33. Chuang, M. F, Tung, H. H, Clinciu, D. L, Huang, J. S, Iqbal U, Chang, C. J. and Li, Y. C. (2016). "The Effect of An Integrated Education Model on Anxiety and Uncertainty in Patients Undergoing Cervical Disc Herniation Surgery". Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 133, 17-23.
- 34. Ottaviani, S, Jean-Luc, B, Thomas, B. and Pascal R. (2012). "Effect of Music on Anxiety and Pain During Joint Lavage For Knee Osteoarthritis". Clinical Rheumatology, 31 (3), 531-534.
- 35. Kim, Y-K, Kim, S-M. and Myoung, H. (2011). "Musical Intervention Reduces Patients' Anxiety in Surgical Extraction of An Impacted Mandibular Third Molar". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surger, 69 (4), 1036-1045.
- 36. Jlala, H. A, French, J. L, Foxall, G, Hardman, J. and Bedforth, N. (2010). "Effect Of Preoperative Multimedia Information on Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Procedures Under Regional Anaesthesia". British Journal of Anaesthesia, 104 (3), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeq002.
- 37. Alirezaei N, Ashjaei B, Shahrivar Z, Moharari F, Mahmoudi-gharaei J, Parizad J. (2008). "Effect Of Preoperative Play Interventions On Post Surgery Anxiety". Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 3 (4), 20-24.
- 38. Mott J., Bucolo S., Cuttle L., Mill J., Hilder M., Miller K., and Kimble R. M. (2008). "The Efficacy Of An Augmented Virtual Reality System To Alleviate Pain In Children Undergoing Burns Dressing Changes: A Randomised Controlled Trial". Burns, 34 (6), 803-808.
- 39. Eijlers, R, Utens, E.M, Staals, L. M, Pieter, F.A, Berghmans, J. M, Wijnen, R. M.H, Hillegers, M. H, Dierckx, B. and Legerstee JS. (2019). "Meta-Analysis: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Virtual Reality In Pediatrics: Effects On Pain And Anxiety". Anesthesia and Analgesia, 129 (5), 1344.
- 40. Öner, S. (2021). Hemşirelik Bakımında Artılımış ve Sanal Gerçeklik. In: Editör Aydın A, (Ed). "Bakım Kalitesini İyileştirmede İnovasyon" (233-242). Akademisyen Kitabevi A.Ş. /Ankara: Akademisyen Yayınevi.