QTL Tespiti İçin Hayvanlarda Kullanılan Populasyonlar Ve İstatistiksel Metodlar

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 270 - 291, 01.04.2015

Hüseyin Daş

Öz

Canlılarda kantitatif karakterler kesikli olmayıp süreklilik gösteren, çok sayıda genin toplamalı etkileri tarafından kontrol edilen karakterlerdir. Kantitatif karakterleri kodlayan genlerin, kromozom üzerinde bulunduğu bölgelere ise kantitatif karakter lokusları (QTL) adı verilmektedir. Kantitatif karakterler hayvanlarda genellikle verim ile ilgili karakterler olduğundan dolayı, seleksiyonda kullanmak üzere, araştırmacılar için QTL keşfi ilgi odağı olmuştur. Dünya’da yaygın bir şekilde araştırılan QTL’ler ne yazık ki Türkiye’de çok fazla uygulama ve çalışma alanı bulamamıştır. Bunun nedeni büyükbaş ve küçükbaş hayvanlarda sistemli kayıtların ülke çapında tutulmayışı ve kanatlılar için ise fazla zaman, emek ve maliyet gerektiren bir konu olmasındandır. Bu derlemede QTL tespiti çalışmalarının nasıl planlandığı, uygulandığı, dikkat edilmesi gereken konular, en çok karşılaşılan sorunlar, kullanılan popülasyon yapıları, istatistiksel veri analiz yöntemleri ve kullanılan bilgisayar yazılımları tarihi süreci içinde anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kantitatif Karakter Lokusları, İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, Popülasyon Karakteristikleri

Populations And Statitical Methods Used For Qtl Determination In Animals

Öz

Quantitative characters in organisms aren’t intermittent but persistent, controlled by additive effects of polygenic genes. The location of genes which code the quantitative characters on the chromosomes are named quantitative characters loci (QTL). Because quantitative characters are associated yield characters, to use in selection, QTL mining have been center of interest. The QTL which are researched widely in earth, unfortunately, have not found sufficiently research field in the Turkey. The reason for this are lack of recordkeeping systematically in country-wide and subject requiring too time, labor and cost. In this review, ıt has been tried to explain in the course of history how QTL mining works are planned, performed, the subject of be pointed, the trouble most faced, used population structures, statistical data analysis methods and used computer software. Subject has been tried to be understandable by drawing graphics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Quantitative Trait Loci, Statistical Data Analysis, Population Characteristics

Kaynakça

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