HEMOGLOBİN VE NİTRİT BAĞIMLI TİROZİN NİTRASYONU

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 46 - 57, 31.03.2017

Hasan Karageçili Kamer Kılınç

Öz

Nitrik oksit (NO) oksihemoglobin ve
oksimiyoglobin ile tepkimeye girmesi nitrat ve metHb veya metMb'nin meydana
gelmesine neden olmaktadır. Nitratin tersine, nitrit NO oksidasyonunun zararsız
bir son ürünü değildir. Hemoproteinlerden peroksidazların H₂O₂
varlığında nitrit oksidasyonuna neden oldukları gösterilmiştir. Hemoproteinlerin
katalizlediği nitrit oksidasyonunda meydana gelen reaktif nitrojen oksitler,
nitritin bakterisid ve sitotoksik etkilerinin sorumlusudurlar. Bu çalışmada
Griess metodu ile hemoglobin tarafından H₂O₂ varlığında
nitritin nitrata oksidasyonu araştırıldı.

Hem H₂O₂ hem de
hemoglobin yokluğunda nitrit oksidasyonu gözlenmedi, bu da göstermektedir ki
nitrit oksidasyonuna neden olan reaktif tür H₂O₂ ile
hemoglobinin reaksiyonundan meydana gelen oksoferril kompleksidir (bileşik I).
Bu çalışmada, peroksidaz enzimlerine benzer şekilde, hemoglobinin tirozin
nitrasyonuna neden olduğu bulundu. Hemoglobinin katalizlediği tirozin
nitrasyonu pH bağımlı olup, nitrasyonun optimum pH'si 6,0 dır. Hemoglobin ve H₂O₂
tirozin nitrasyonu için gerekli bileşenlerdir. Hemoglobin yokluğunda, çalışılan
en düşük pH'de bile tirozin nitrasyonu gözlenmedi. Bununla beraber H₂O₂
varlığında hemoglobinin katalizlediği nitrit oksidasyonu esnasında,
nitratlayıcı türler meydana getirilmektedir.

Sonuç olarak hemoglobin, H₂O₂
ve nitrit arasındaki reaksiyon serileri tarafından nitrojen dioksit radikali
(NO₂^-) ve/veya
peroksinitrit benzeri reaktif türler meydana getirilmektedir ve bu türler
tirozin nitrasyonundan sorumludurlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nitratlar, Hemoglobinler, Nitritler, Nitrik Oksit

Kaynakça

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