Okul Çağı Çocuklarının Beslenme Durumları ile Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreleri Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 40 - 53, 31.03.2018

Rukiye Bozbulut , Alev Keser , Metin Saip Sürücüoğlu , Aysun Bideci

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Bilim Dalı’na
başvuran çocukların beslenme durumlarının ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının saptanması,
beslenme durumları ile bazı biyokimyasal parametreler arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 7-11 yaş arası (9,0±1,4 yıl) 300 çocuk (150 erkek/150
kız) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilebilmesi için 3
günlük besin tüketim kayıtları alınmıştır.

Elde edilen veriler Türkiye’ye Özgü Besin ve Beslenme
Rehberi’ndeki (2015) besinlerin tüketilmesi önerilen porsiyon miktarları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Çocukların antropometrik ölçümleri 
(vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi, triseps deri kıvrım
kalınlığı, üst orta kol çevresi) araştırmacılar tarafından alınmıştır. Biyokimyasal
parametreler hasta dosyalarından kaydedilmiştir.

Beden kütle indeksi sınıflandırmasına göre araştırmaya
katılan çocukların %22,3’ü normal ağırlıklı, %15,3’ü fazla kilolu ve %62,4’ü
obez grubundandır. Obez çocukların çoğunluğu süt (%43,3), et (%53,5) ve
ekmek-tahıl grubunu (%54,0) önerilenden fazla, sebze-meyve grubunu (%41,7)
önerilenden az miktarda tüketmektedir. 
Genel olarak süt, et, ekmek-tahıl, yağ-şeker grupları tüketim miktarları
ile tüm antropometrik ölçümleri arasında pozitif yönde, sebze-meyve grubu
tüketimleriyle ise negatif yönde bir korelasyon saptanmıştır (p<0,01) Et,
ekmek-tahıl ve yağ-şeker grubu tüketimiyle glukoz, insülin, toplam kolesterol,
LDL kolesterol, trigliserid, ALT ve AST değerleri arasında pozitif yönde,
sebze-meyve tüketimleriyle glukoz, insülin, toplam kolesterol, LDL kolesterol
değerleri arasında ise negatif yönde bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,05,
p<0,01).

Yeterli ve dengeli bir beslenme programı antropometrik
ölçümlerde, lipid ve glisemi parametre düzeylerinde iyileşme sağlayabilir.
Çocukların sağlıklı beslenme ile ilgili bilgilerini ve farkındalıklarını artıracak
ulusal eğitim programlarının belirli aralıklarla yapılması önemlidir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme durumu, obezite, besin grupları, antropometrik ölçümler

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