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Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 70 - 77, 30.06.2018

Ümüş Özbey Aslı Uçar

Öz

Son yıllarda yapılan
çalışmalarda, görülme sıklığı giderek artan bir solunum sistemi hastalığı olan
astım; beslenme şeklindeki değişimler ve obezite ile sıkça
ilişkilendirilmektedir. Astım ve obezite prevalansının paralel olarak artması
bu ilişkiye bir gerekçe olarak gösterilmekte ve her iki hastalığa yönelik ortak
çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Obezitenin akciğer kapasitesini düşürmesi, soluk
alışverişini zorlaştırması, sistemik ve lokal inflamasyona yol açması her iki
hastalığın ortak yönü olduğu hipotezini de desteklemektedir.Günümüzde astım
hastalığındaki bu hızlı artış ile bireylerin yaşam tarzındaki değişimlerle de
sıkça ilişkilendirilmektedir. Astımla ilişkili olarak birçok diyet hipotezi
ortaya atılmakta ve değişen diyet içeriği astıma neden olan en önemli çevresel
faktörlerden biri olarak gösterilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yetişkin bireylerde
beslenme şekli ve obezitenin astım üzerine etkisi incelenerek konuyla ilgili
güncel sonuçların yansıtılması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Astım Beslenme Obezite Solunum Fonksiyonları

Kaynakça

  • 1. Melikoğlu G, Kurtoğlu S, Kültür Ş. Türkiye'de Astım Tedavisinde Geleneksel Olarak Kullanılan Bitkiler. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 2015; 19(1).
  • 2. WHO (World Health Organization) (2013). Health topics asthma. Erişim Adresi http://www.who.int/topics/asthma/en/ . Erişim Tarihi: 17/10/2016.
  • 3. Sabuncular C. 6-15 yaş grubu çocuklarda astım görülmesi ile Akdeniz tarzı beslenme durumu arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Yüksek Lisans Tezi 2013.
  • 4. Lee Sc, Yang Yh, Chuang Sy, Lia Sc, Yang Hc, Pan Wh. Risk of asthma associated with energy-dense but nutrient-poor pattern in Taiwanesse children. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2012; 21(1): 73-81.
  • 5. Thomas D. A study on the mineral depletion of the foods available to us as a nation over the period 1940 to 1991. Nutrition Health 2003; 17: 85-115.
  • 6. Devereux G, Seaton A. Diet as a risk factor for atopy and asthma. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2005;115(6): 1109-1117.
  • 7. Barros R, Moreira A, Padrão P, Teixeira Vh, Carvalho P, Delgado L, Moreira P. Dietary patterns and asthma prevalence, incidence and control. Clinical & Experimental Allergy 2015; 45(11):1673-1680.
  • 8. WHO (World Health Organization). 10 Facts on obesity. Erişim Adresi: [ http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/ ]. Erişim Tarihi: 17/10/2016.
  • 9. Peng H, Zhang Q, Shen H, Liu Y, Chao X, Tian H, Jin J. Association between serum soluble corin and obesity in Chinese adults: A cross‐sectional study. Obesity 2015;23(4): 856-861.
  • 10. Altunkaynak Bz, Özbek E. Obezite: nedenleri ve tedavi seçenekleri. Van Tıp Dergisi 2006;13(4): 138-142.
  • 11. Hong Sj, Lee Ms, Lee Sy, Ahn Km, Oh Jw, Kim Ke, Lee H B. High body mass index and dietary pattern are associated with childhood asthma. Pediatric pulmonology 2006;1(12): 1118-1124.
  • 12. Behazin N, Jones Sb, Cohen Rı. Respiratory restriction and elevated pleural and esophageal pressures in morbid obesity. J. Appl. Physiol 2010; 108(1): 212–18.
  • 13. Rabec C, De Lucas Rp, Veale D. Respiratory complications of obesity. Arch Bronconeumol 2011;47(5): 252–261.
  • 14. Salome Cm, King Gg, Berend N. Effects of obesity on lung function. Respiratory medicine 2013; 1: 1-5.
  • 15. Jones Rl, Nzekwu Mmu . The effects of body mass index on lung volumes. Chest journal 2006; 130(3): 827-833.
  • 16. Tantisira Kg, Weiss St . Complex interactions in complex traits: obesity and asthma. Thorax, 2001;56: 64–73.
  • 17. Beuther Da, Sutherland Er. Overweight, Obesity, and Incident Asthma: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Epidemiologic Studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;175(7):661-6.
  • 18. Ford Es. The epidemiology of obesity and asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2005; 115(5): 897-909.
  • 19. Laaban Jp, Orvoen-Frija E, Cassuto D. Mecanismes de l’hypercapnie diurne dans le syndrome d’apnee du sommeil associe a une obesite massive. Presse Med 1996; 25(1): 12-16.
  • 20. Lopata M, Önal E. Mass loading, sleep apnea and the pathogenesis of obesity hypoventilation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982;126(4): 640-5.
  • 21. Farah Cs, Salome Cm. Asthma and obesity: a known association but unknown mechanism. Respirology 2012; 17(3): 412-421.
  • 22. Fredberg Jj, Inouye Ds, Mijailovich Sm, Butler Jp. Perturbed equilibrium of myosin binding in airway smooth muscle and its implications in bronchospasm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159(3): 959–967.
  • 23. Visser M, Bouter Lm, Mcquillan Gm. Low-grade systemic inflammation in overweight children. Pediatrics, 2001;107:13.
  • 24. Park Hs, Park Jy, Yu R. Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, TNF-alpha and IL- 6. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005; 69(1): 29-35.
  • 25. Maffeis C, Silvagni D, Bonadonna R. Fat cell size, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation in obese children. J Pediatr 2007; 151(6): 647-652.
  • 26. Bradding P, Roberts Ja, Britten Km. Interleukin-4, -5, and -6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in normal and asthmatic airways: evidence for the human mast cell as a source of these cytokines. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 10(5):471-80.
  • 27. Machefer G, Groussard C, Vincent S, Zouhal H, Faure H, Cillard, Gratas-Delamarche A. Multivitamin-mineral supplementation prevents lipid peroxidation during “the Marathon des Sables. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2007; 26(2), 111-120.
  • 28. Kershaw Ee, Flier Js. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(6): 2548-56.
  • 29. Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;967(1): 379-88.
  • 30. Martin-Romero C, Santos-Alvarez J, Goberna R. Human leptin enhances activation and proliferation of human circulating T lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 2000;199(1): 15-24.
  • 31. SHİN JH, KİM JH, LEE WY. The expression of adiponectin receptors and the effects of adiponectin and leptin on airway smooth muscle cells. Yonsei Med J 2008;49(5): 804-10.
  • 32. Sood A, Cui X, Qualls C, Beckett Ws, Gross Md, Steffes Mw, Jacobs Dr. Association between asthma and serum adiponectin concentration in women. Thorax 2008; 63(10): 877–882.
  • 33. Kern Pa, Di Gregorio Gb, Lu T. Adiponectin expression from human adipose tissue: relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. Diabetes 2003; 52(7): 1779-85.
  • 34. Allan K, Devereux G. Diet and asthma: nutrition implications from prevention to treatment. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2011; 111(2): 258-268.
  • 35. Burns Js, Dockery Dw, Neas Lm, Schwartz J, Coull Ba, Raizenne M. Low dietary nutrient intakes and respiratory health in adolescents. Chest 2007; 132(1): 238-245.
  • 36. Luis Da, Armentia A, Aller R, Asensio A, Sedano E, Izaola O, Cuellar L. Dietary intake in patients with asthma: a case control study. Nutrition 2005;21(3): 320-324.
  • 37. Rubin Rn, Navo, L. Cassano Pa. Relationship of serum antioxidants to asthma prevalence in youth. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2004; 169(3): 393-398.
  • 38. Tricon S, Willers S, Smit Ha, Burney Pg, Devereux G, Frew Aj, Warner Jo. Nutrition and allergic disease. Clinical & experimental allergy reviews 2006; 6(5): 117-188a
  • 39. Anetor Jı, Ajose O A, Ige O, Oyeleye Ao, Ojo Po. Antioxidant status of adult Nigerian asthmatics: implications for prognosis. Nutrition and health 2003;17(3), 221-229.
  • 40. Trenca Ca, Koenig Jq, Williams Pv. Dietary antioxidants and ozone-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adults with asthma. An ınternational journal 2001;56: 242-249.
  • 41. Allen S, Britton Jr, Leonardi-Bee Ja. Association between antioxidant vitamins and asthma outcome measures: systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2009; 64 (7):610-619.
  • 42. Kalayci O, Besler T, Kilinc K, Sekerel Be, Saraclar,Y. Serum levels of antioxidant vitamins (alpha tocopherol, beta carotene, and ascorbic acid) in children with bronchial asthma. The Turkish journal of pediatrics 1999; 42(1), 17-21.
  • 43. Nurmatov U, Devereux G, Sheikh A. Nutrients and foods for the primary prevention of asthma and allergy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2011;127: 724-733.
  • 44. Fogarty A, Lewis S, Weiss S, Britton J. Dietary vitamin E, IgE concentrations, and atopy. The Lancet 2000; 356(9241):1573-1574.
  • 45. Simopoulos AP. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2002;56(8): 365-379.
  • 46. Mayser P, Mayer K, Mahloudjian M, Benzing S, Kramer Hj, Schill Wb, Grimminger F. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of n-3 versus n-6 fatty acid-based lipid infusion in atopic dermatitis. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2002;26(3): 151-158.
  • 47. Dunder Tl, Kuikka L, Turtinen J, Räsänen,L, Uhari M. Diet, serum fatty acids, and atopic diseases in childhood. Allergy 2001;56(5): 425-428.
  • 48. Chatzi L, Apostolaki G, Bibakis I, Skypala I., Bibaki-Liakou V, Tzanakis N, Cullinan P. Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the Mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in Crete. Thorax 2007; 62(8): 677-683.
  • 49. Chatzi L, Torrent M, Romieu I., Garcia-Esteban R., Ferrer C, Vioque J, Sunyer J. Mediterranean diet in pregnancy is protective for wheeze and atopy in childhood. Thorax 2008; 63(6): 507-513.
  • 50. Reısman J (2011). Commentary on ‘Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children’. Evidence‐Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, 6(3): 1015-1016.
  • 51. Pu S, Nakagome K, Yamada T, Matsumura H, Yokoyama K, Kaneko K, Kurosawa Y (2015). Association between fish consumption and prefrontal function during a cognitive task in male Japanese workers: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study. PloS one, 10(4): 972.
  • 52. Takemura Y, Sakurai Y, Honjo S, Tokimatsu A, Gıbo M, Hara T, Kugaı N (2002). The relationship between fish intake and the prevalence of asthma: the Tokorozawa childhood asthma and pollinosis study. Preventive medicine, 34(2): 221-225.
  • 53. Miyake Y, Sasaki S, Tanaka K, Ohfujı S, Hirota Y (2009). Maternal fat consumption during pregnancy and risk of wheeze and eczema in Japanese infants aged 16-24 months: The Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Thorax, 64(9): 815-821. 1.

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 70 - 77, 30.06.2018

Ümüş Özbey Aslı Uçar

Öz

Kaynakça

  • 1. Melikoğlu G, Kurtoğlu S, Kültür Ş. Türkiye'de Astım Tedavisinde Geleneksel Olarak Kullanılan Bitkiler. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 2015; 19(1).
  • 2. WHO (World Health Organization) (2013). Health topics asthma. Erişim Adresi http://www.who.int/topics/asthma/en/ . Erişim Tarihi: 17/10/2016.
  • 3. Sabuncular C. 6-15 yaş grubu çocuklarda astım görülmesi ile Akdeniz tarzı beslenme durumu arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Yüksek Lisans Tezi 2013.
  • 4. Lee Sc, Yang Yh, Chuang Sy, Lia Sc, Yang Hc, Pan Wh. Risk of asthma associated with energy-dense but nutrient-poor pattern in Taiwanesse children. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2012; 21(1): 73-81.
  • 5. Thomas D. A study on the mineral depletion of the foods available to us as a nation over the period 1940 to 1991. Nutrition Health 2003; 17: 85-115.
  • 6. Devereux G, Seaton A. Diet as a risk factor for atopy and asthma. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2005;115(6): 1109-1117.
  • 7. Barros R, Moreira A, Padrão P, Teixeira Vh, Carvalho P, Delgado L, Moreira P. Dietary patterns and asthma prevalence, incidence and control. Clinical & Experimental Allergy 2015; 45(11):1673-1680.
  • 8. WHO (World Health Organization). 10 Facts on obesity. Erişim Adresi: [ http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/ ]. Erişim Tarihi: 17/10/2016.
  • 9. Peng H, Zhang Q, Shen H, Liu Y, Chao X, Tian H, Jin J. Association between serum soluble corin and obesity in Chinese adults: A cross‐sectional study. Obesity 2015;23(4): 856-861.
  • 10. Altunkaynak Bz, Özbek E. Obezite: nedenleri ve tedavi seçenekleri. Van Tıp Dergisi 2006;13(4): 138-142.
  • 11. Hong Sj, Lee Ms, Lee Sy, Ahn Km, Oh Jw, Kim Ke, Lee H B. High body mass index and dietary pattern are associated with childhood asthma. Pediatric pulmonology 2006;1(12): 1118-1124.
  • 12. Behazin N, Jones Sb, Cohen Rı. Respiratory restriction and elevated pleural and esophageal pressures in morbid obesity. J. Appl. Physiol 2010; 108(1): 212–18.
  • 13. Rabec C, De Lucas Rp, Veale D. Respiratory complications of obesity. Arch Bronconeumol 2011;47(5): 252–261.
  • 14. Salome Cm, King Gg, Berend N. Effects of obesity on lung function. Respiratory medicine 2013; 1: 1-5.
  • 15. Jones Rl, Nzekwu Mmu . The effects of body mass index on lung volumes. Chest journal 2006; 130(3): 827-833.
  • 16. Tantisira Kg, Weiss St . Complex interactions in complex traits: obesity and asthma. Thorax, 2001;56: 64–73.
  • 17. Beuther Da, Sutherland Er. Overweight, Obesity, and Incident Asthma: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Epidemiologic Studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;175(7):661-6.
  • 18. Ford Es. The epidemiology of obesity and asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2005; 115(5): 897-909.
  • 19. Laaban Jp, Orvoen-Frija E, Cassuto D. Mecanismes de l’hypercapnie diurne dans le syndrome d’apnee du sommeil associe a une obesite massive. Presse Med 1996; 25(1): 12-16.
  • 20. Lopata M, Önal E. Mass loading, sleep apnea and the pathogenesis of obesity hypoventilation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982;126(4): 640-5.
  • 21. Farah Cs, Salome Cm. Asthma and obesity: a known association but unknown mechanism. Respirology 2012; 17(3): 412-421.
  • 22. Fredberg Jj, Inouye Ds, Mijailovich Sm, Butler Jp. Perturbed equilibrium of myosin binding in airway smooth muscle and its implications in bronchospasm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159(3): 959–967.
  • 23. Visser M, Bouter Lm, Mcquillan Gm. Low-grade systemic inflammation in overweight children. Pediatrics, 2001;107:13.
  • 24. Park Hs, Park Jy, Yu R. Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, TNF-alpha and IL- 6. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005; 69(1): 29-35.
  • 25. Maffeis C, Silvagni D, Bonadonna R. Fat cell size, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation in obese children. J Pediatr 2007; 151(6): 647-652.
  • 26. Bradding P, Roberts Ja, Britten Km. Interleukin-4, -5, and -6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in normal and asthmatic airways: evidence for the human mast cell as a source of these cytokines. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 10(5):471-80.
  • 27. Machefer G, Groussard C, Vincent S, Zouhal H, Faure H, Cillard, Gratas-Delamarche A. Multivitamin-mineral supplementation prevents lipid peroxidation during “the Marathon des Sables. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2007; 26(2), 111-120.
  • 28. Kershaw Ee, Flier Js. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(6): 2548-56.
  • 29. Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;967(1): 379-88.
  • 30. Martin-Romero C, Santos-Alvarez J, Goberna R. Human leptin enhances activation and proliferation of human circulating T lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 2000;199(1): 15-24.
  • 31. SHİN JH, KİM JH, LEE WY. The expression of adiponectin receptors and the effects of adiponectin and leptin on airway smooth muscle cells. Yonsei Med J 2008;49(5): 804-10.
  • 32. Sood A, Cui X, Qualls C, Beckett Ws, Gross Md, Steffes Mw, Jacobs Dr. Association between asthma and serum adiponectin concentration in women. Thorax 2008; 63(10): 877–882.
  • 33. Kern Pa, Di Gregorio Gb, Lu T. Adiponectin expression from human adipose tissue: relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. Diabetes 2003; 52(7): 1779-85.
  • 34. Allan K, Devereux G. Diet and asthma: nutrition implications from prevention to treatment. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2011; 111(2): 258-268.
  • 35. Burns Js, Dockery Dw, Neas Lm, Schwartz J, Coull Ba, Raizenne M. Low dietary nutrient intakes and respiratory health in adolescents. Chest 2007; 132(1): 238-245.
  • 36. Luis Da, Armentia A, Aller R, Asensio A, Sedano E, Izaola O, Cuellar L. Dietary intake in patients with asthma: a case control study. Nutrition 2005;21(3): 320-324.
  • 37. Rubin Rn, Navo, L. Cassano Pa. Relationship of serum antioxidants to asthma prevalence in youth. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2004; 169(3): 393-398.
  • 38. Tricon S, Willers S, Smit Ha, Burney Pg, Devereux G, Frew Aj, Warner Jo. Nutrition and allergic disease. Clinical & experimental allergy reviews 2006; 6(5): 117-188a
  • 39. Anetor Jı, Ajose O A, Ige O, Oyeleye Ao, Ojo Po. Antioxidant status of adult Nigerian asthmatics: implications for prognosis. Nutrition and health 2003;17(3), 221-229.
  • 40. Trenca Ca, Koenig Jq, Williams Pv. Dietary antioxidants and ozone-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adults with asthma. An ınternational journal 2001;56: 242-249.
  • 41. Allen S, Britton Jr, Leonardi-Bee Ja. Association between antioxidant vitamins and asthma outcome measures: systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2009; 64 (7):610-619.
  • 42. Kalayci O, Besler T, Kilinc K, Sekerel Be, Saraclar,Y. Serum levels of antioxidant vitamins (alpha tocopherol, beta carotene, and ascorbic acid) in children with bronchial asthma. The Turkish journal of pediatrics 1999; 42(1), 17-21.
  • 43. Nurmatov U, Devereux G, Sheikh A. Nutrients and foods for the primary prevention of asthma and allergy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2011;127: 724-733.
  • 44. Fogarty A, Lewis S, Weiss S, Britton J. Dietary vitamin E, IgE concentrations, and atopy. The Lancet 2000; 356(9241):1573-1574.
  • 45. Simopoulos AP. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2002;56(8): 365-379.
  • 46. Mayser P, Mayer K, Mahloudjian M, Benzing S, Kramer Hj, Schill Wb, Grimminger F. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of n-3 versus n-6 fatty acid-based lipid infusion in atopic dermatitis. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2002;26(3): 151-158.
  • 47. Dunder Tl, Kuikka L, Turtinen J, Räsänen,L, Uhari M. Diet, serum fatty acids, and atopic diseases in childhood. Allergy 2001;56(5): 425-428.
  • 48. Chatzi L, Apostolaki G, Bibakis I, Skypala I., Bibaki-Liakou V, Tzanakis N, Cullinan P. Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the Mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in Crete. Thorax 2007; 62(8): 677-683.
  • 49. Chatzi L, Torrent M, Romieu I., Garcia-Esteban R., Ferrer C, Vioque J, Sunyer J. Mediterranean diet in pregnancy is protective for wheeze and atopy in childhood. Thorax 2008; 63(6): 507-513.
  • 50. Reısman J (2011). Commentary on ‘Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children’. Evidence‐Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, 6(3): 1015-1016.
  • 51. Pu S, Nakagome K, Yamada T, Matsumura H, Yokoyama K, Kaneko K, Kurosawa Y (2015). Association between fish consumption and prefrontal function during a cognitive task in male Japanese workers: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study. PloS one, 10(4): 972.
  • 52. Takemura Y, Sakurai Y, Honjo S, Tokimatsu A, Gıbo M, Hara T, Kugaı N (2002). The relationship between fish intake and the prevalence of asthma: the Tokorozawa childhood asthma and pollinosis study. Preventive medicine, 34(2): 221-225.
  • 53. Miyake Y, Sasaki S, Tanaka K, Ohfujı S, Hirota Y (2009). Maternal fat consumption during pregnancy and risk of wheeze and eczema in Japanese infants aged 16-24 months: The Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Thorax, 64(9): 815-821. 1.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Ümüş Özbey 0000-0002-1438-0791

Aslı Uçar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-1438-0791

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özbey, Ü., & Uçar, A. (2018). Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 70-77.
AMA Özbey Ü, Uçar A. Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Haziran 2018;7(2):70-77.
Chicago Özbey, Ümüş, ve Aslı Uçar. “Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite Ve Beslenme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7, sy. 2 (Haziran 2018): 70-77.
EndNote Özbey Ü, Uçar A (01 Haziran 2018) Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7 2 70–77.
IEEE Ü. Özbey ve A. Uçar, “Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 70–77, 2018.
ISNAD Özbey, Ümüş - Uçar, Aslı. “Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite Ve Beslenme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 7/2 (Haziran 2018), 70-77.
JAMA Özbey Ü, Uçar A. Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7:70–77.
MLA Özbey, Ümüş ve Aslı Uçar. “Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite Ve Beslenme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 70-77.
Vancouver Özbey Ü, Uçar A. Astımla İlişkili Güncel Faktörler: Obezite ve Beslenme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7(2):70-7.
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